[考研类试卷]考研英语一(完形填空)模拟试卷28及答案与解析.doc
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1、考研英语一(完形填空)模拟试卷 28 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 Human beings are animals. We breathe, eat and digest, and reproduce the same life 【B1】 _ common to all animals. In a biological
2、 laboratory, rats, monkeys, and humans seem very much the same.However, biological understanding is not enough: 【B2】_ itself, it can never tell us what human beings are.【B3】_to our physical equipmentthe naked human bodywe are not【B4】_animal. We are tropical creatures,【B5】_hairless and sensitive to c
3、old. We are not fast and have neither claws nor sharp teeth to defend ourselves. We need a lot of food but have almost no physical equipment to help us get it. In the purely physical 【B6】_, our species seems a poor【 B7】_for survival.But we have survivedsurvived and multiplied and 【B8】_ the earth. So
4、me day we will have a【B9 】_ living on the moon, a place with neither air nor water and with temperatures that turn gases into solids. How can we have done all these things. Part of the answer is physical.【B10】_its limitations, our physical equipment has some important【B11】_. We have excellent vision
5、 and hands that can【B12】_objects with a precision unmatched by any other【B13】_. Most importantly, we have a large brain with an almost【B14】_number of neural【 B15】_.We have used this physical equipment to create culture, the key to our survival and success. If we live in the Arctic, we supply the war
6、mth our tropical bodies need【B16】_clothing, shelter, and【B17】_heat. If a million people want to live in a desert that supplies natural food for only a few hundred, we find water to grow food and【B18】_deficits by transporting supplies from distant places. Inhabitants of our eventual moon colony will
7、bring their own food and oxygen and then create an artificial earth environment to supply necessities. With culture, we can overcome our natural limitations.It was not always【B19】 _. Our distant ancestors were just animals, faced with the limits of their physical equipment. They had no【B20】_and lack
8、ed the physical capacity to use it.1 【B1 】(A)processes(B) acts(C) modes(D)procedures2 【B2 】(A)On(B) With(C) For(D)By3 【B3 】(A)Stripped(B) Pared(C) Peeled(D)Removed4 【B4 】(A)intelligent(B) impressive(C) influential(D)incentive5 【B5 】(A)barely(B) hardly(C) nearly(D)scarcely6 【B6 】(A)meaning(B) judgeme
9、nt(C) perspective(D)sense7 【B7 】(A)bet(B) chance(C) fact(D)luck8 【B8 】(A)filled(B) loaded(C) stuffed(D)scattered9 【B9 】(A)residence(B) colony(C) home(D)empire10 【B10 】(A)Apart from(B) With regard to(C) With the exception of(D)In spite of11 【B11 】(A)abilities(B) potentials(C) capabilities(D)possibili
10、ties12 【B12 】(A)maneuver(B) manage(C) manipulate(D)manufacture13 【B13 】(A)animal(B) animals(C) creatures(D)creature14 【B14 】(A)infinite(B) unknown(C) boundless(D)ceaseless15 【B15 】(A)connections(B) relations(C) activities(D)accesses16 【B16 】(A)for(B) to(C) with(D)by17 【B17 】(A)artificial(B) fake(C)
11、unreal(D)unauthentic18 【B18 】(A)add up(B) break up(C) make up(D)cut up19 【B19 】(A)this(B) thus(C) hence(D)that20 【B20 】(A)intellect(B) equipment(C) competence(D)culture20 In the past few decades, remarkable findings have been made in ethology, the study of animal social behavior. Earlier scientists
12、had【B1】 _that nonhuman social life was almost totally instinctive or fixed by genetics. Much more careful observation has shown that 【B2】_ variation occurs among the social ties of most species, showing that learning is a part of social life. That is, the【B3】_are not solely fixed by the genes.【B4 】_
13、, the learning that occurs is often at an early age in a process that is called imprinting. Imprinting is clearly 【B5】_ instinctive, but it is not quite like the learning of humans; it is something in between the two. An illustration best【B6】_the nature of imprinting. Once, biologists thought that d
14、ucklings followed the mother duck because of instincts. Now we know that, shortly 【B7】 _ they hatch, ducklings fix 【B8】_ any object about the size of a duck and will henceforth follow it. So ducklings may follow a basketball or a briefcase if these are 【B9】_ for the mother duck at the time when impr
15、inting occurs. Thus, social ties can be considerably【B10】_, even ones that have a considerable base【B11 】 _by genetics.Even among the social insects something like imprinting【B12】_influence social behavior. For example, biologists once thought bees communicated with others purely【B13 】_instinct. But
16、, in examining a “dance“ that bees do to indicate the distance and direction of a pollen source, observers found that bees raised in isolation could not communicate effectively. At a higher level, the genetic base seems to be much more for an all purpose learning rather than the more specific respon
17、ses of imprinting. Chimpanzees, for instance, generally【B14】_very good mother but Jane Goodall reports that some chimps carry the infant upside down or【B15 】_fail to nurture the young. She believes that these females were the youngest or the 【B16】_ child of a mother. In such circumstances, they did
18、not have the opportunity to observe how their own mother【B17】_for her young. Certainly adolescent chimps who are still with their mothers when other young are born take much interest in the rearing of their young brother or sister. They have an excellent opportunity to learn, and the social ties tha
19、t are created between mother and young 【B18】_ Goodall to describe the social unit as a family. The mother offspring tie is beyond 【B19】_; there is some evidence to 【B20】_ that ties also continue between siblings of the same sex, that is “brother-brother“ and “sister-sister“.21 【B1 】(A)assumed(B) ado
20、pted(C) believed(D)surmised22 【B2 】(A)considerate(B) considered(C) considerable(D)considering23 【B3 】(A)statues(B) statuses(C) statutes(D)statures24 【B4 】(A)What s more(B) Hence(C) But(D)However25 【B5 】(A)not(B) only(C) but(D)solely26 【B6 】(A)clarifies(B) classifies(C) defines(D)outlines27 【B7 】(A)t
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