EN ISO 13503-1-2011 en Petroleum and natural gas industries - Completion fluids and materials - Part 1 Measurement of viscous properties of completion fluids《石油和天然气行业 完成液体和材料 第1部分 .pdf

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1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 13503-1:2011Petroleum and natural gasindustries Completion fluidsand materialsPart 1: Measurement of viscous propertiesof completion fluids (ISO 13503-1:2011)BS EN ISO

2、13503-1:2011 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO13503-1:2011. It supersedes BS EN ISO 13503-1:2005 which iswithdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PSE/17/-/3, Drilling and completion fluids and wellce

3、ments.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 70214 3ICS 75.100Compliance with a B

4、ritish Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 13503-1

5、 November 2011 ICS 75.100 Supersedes EN ISO 13503-1:2005English Version Petroleum and natural gas industries - Completion fluids and materials - Part 1: Measurement of viscous properties of completion fluids (ISO 13503-1:2011) Industries du ptrole et du gaz naturel - Fluides de compltion et matriaux

6、 - Partie 1: Mesurage des proprits visqueuses des fluides de compltion (ISO 13503-1:2011) Erdl- und Erdgasindustrie - Komplettierungsflssigkeiten und Materialien - Teil 1: Messung der Flieeigenschaften von Komplettierungsflssigkeiten (ISO 13503-1:2011) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 3

7、1 October 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may

8、be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to

9、 the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxe

10、mbourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rig

11、hts of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 13503-1:2011: EBS EN ISO 13503-1:2011EN ISO 13503-1:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 13503-1:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67 “Materials, equipment and offsh

12、ore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 12 “Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall b

13、e given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be

14、 the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 13503-1:2005. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to

15、 implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Swede

16、n, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 13503-1:2011 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 13503-1:2011 without any modification. BS EN ISO 13503-1:2011ISO 13503-1:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope 12 Terms and defi

17、nitions .13 Measurement and precision .24 Fluid preparation .25 Fluid preparation using shear-history simulation (optional) .35.1 General .35.2 Requirements for proper shear-history simulation .45.3 Conditions for sample delivery .45.4 Conditions for standard shear-history simulation .45.5 Operation

18、al considerations 46 Instrument calibration 47 Measurement procedures .47.1 General .47.2 Non-crosslinked fluids (see 2.6) 57.3 Crosslinked polymer and surfactant fluids 118 Calculation procedures .128.1 General concepts 128.2 Brief review of geometry-independent rheology versus nominal rheology 138

19、.3 Limitations/problems that can produce erroneous results .148.4 Calculation method for concentric-cylinder viscometers 148.5 Calculations for optional shear-history simulation .169 Test report .18Bibliography .20BS EN ISO 13503-1:2011ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization)

20、 is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be repre

21、sented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are

22、drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International

23、Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 13503-1 was prepar

24、ed by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, Subcommittee SC 3, Drilling and completion fluids, and well cements.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 13503-1:2003), which has been

25、 technically revised. It also incorporates the Technical Corrigendum ISO 13503-1:2003/Cor.1:2005.ISO 13503 consists of the following parts, under the general title Petroleum and natural gas industries Completion fluids and materials: Part 1: Measurement of viscous properties of completion fluids Par

26、t 2: Measurement of properties of proppants used in hydraulic fracturing and gravel-packing operations Part 3: Testing of heavy brines Part 4: Procedure for measuring stimulation and gravel-pack fluid leakoff under static conditions Part 5: Procedures for measuring the long-term conductivity of prop

27、pants Part 6: Procedure for measuring leakoff of completion fluids under dynamic conditionsISO 13503-1:2011(E)iv ISO 2011 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 13503-1:2011IntroductionFor the purposes of this part of ISO 13503, completion fluids are defined as viscosified treating fluids used during the comp

28、letion or workover of a petroleum- or natural-gas-producing well. The objective of this part of ISO 13503 is to provide a standard procedure for measuring the viscous properties of single-phase, non-particulate-laden completion fluids. These fluids are viscosified brines, gravel-pack carrier fluids,

29、 and fracturing fluids. These fluids can be either crosslinked or non-crosslinked (aqueous, hydrocarbon- or acid-based).An optional shear-history simulation procedure is provided for fluids that are potentially shear-sensitive. This procedure is designed to simulate the shearing effects experienced

30、by a fluid in surface apparatus and during the time it is being conveyed down the wellbore. Shear-history simulation is most often used during the development of new fracturing fluids to characterize their sensitivity to shear.These standard procedures were compiled on the basis of several years of

31、comparative testing, debate, discussion, and continued research by the industry.This standard procedure is largely based on API RP 13M, first edition, July 2004.In this part of ISO 13503, where practical, US Customary units (USC) are included in parentheses for convenience.ISO 13503-1:2011(E) ISO 20

32、11 All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 13503-1:2011BS EN ISO 13503-1:2011INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13503-1:2011(E)Petroleum and natural gas industries Completion fluids and materials Part 1:Measurement of viscous properties of completion fluids1 ScopeThis part of ISO 13503 provides consistent methodolog

33、y for determining the viscosity of completion fluids used in the petroleum and natural gas industries. For certain cases, methods are also provided to determine the rheological properties of a fluid.2 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.2

34、.1bobinner cylinder of a concentric-cylinder viscometer2.2completion fluidviscosified treating fluid used during the completion or workover of a petroleum- or natural-gas-producing well2.3concentric-cylinder viscometerrotational viscometer that consists of a concentric-cylindrical bob and a cylindri

35、cal rotor2.4elasticitycapability of a material to regain its original shape and condition upon removal of an acting stress2.5laminar flowflow property of fluids in which all layers of the fluid move parallel to each other and no material is transferred between layers2.6non-crosslinked fluidlinear, p

36、olymer-viscosified solution or any fluid that does not exhibit significant elasticity leading to the Weissenberg effect (bob climbing)2.7rheologyscience of the deformation and flow of matter2.8rotorouter rotating cylinder of a concentric-cylinder viscometer2.9shear historysequence of shear rates and

37、 temperatures applied to fluids prior to and during measurements ISO 2011 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 13503-1:20112.10shear-history simulatorapparatus used to simulate shear history in a fluid2.11shear raterate at which one particle of fluid is sliding by another particle divided by the distance

38、between those particles2.12shear stressforce required to sustain fluid flow2.13viscoelastic fluidcrosslinked polymer solution or other fluid that exhibits significant elasticity, leading to the Weissenberg effect (bob climbing)2.14viscositymeasure of the internal friction of a fluid when caused to f

39、low by an external force3 Measurement and precisionTemperatures shall be measured to an accuracy of null1 C (null2 F); pH shall be measured to an accuracy of null0,1 units. All other quantitative measurements shall be made to an accuracy of null2 %, unless specified otherwise.4 Fluid preparationCert

40、ain aspects of sample preparation and handling can affect the viscosity or rheological properties of a fluid. During all procedures, steps shall be taken to minimize entraining air into the fluid.The procedure used to prepare the fluid sample shall be documented, including the following information:

41、a) description and/or composition of the base fluid; preparation of the fluid shall be described, starting with the fluid source, such as deionized water, tap water, completion brines, produced water, seawater or type of oil;b) identification of mixing apparatus, container volume, and total volume o

42、f fluid prepared;c) identification of each fluid component and amount added;d) the order and method of addition of each component;e) mixing speeds, with time at each speed;f) ageing or holding time prior to measurements, if required;g) temperature;h) pH (for aqueous fluids);i) all other aspects of t

43、he fluid preparation which are known to affect the outcome of the viscosity measurement, such as filtration of completion fluids.ISO 13503-1:2011(E)2 ISO 2011 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 13503-1:20115 Fluid preparation using shear-history simulation (optional)5.1 GeneralA shear-history simulation p

44、rocedure is provided to simulate the effects of shear rate and time while a fluid is being conveyed down well tubulars. This procedure is intended to characterize the effect of shear history on fluid properties as part of the concept and development phase for a new fluid.A shear-history apparatus is

45、 used to condition the fluid at specified shear rates, times and temperatures prior to injection into a viscometer. It consists of mixing apparatus, pumping apparatus and tubing to simulate significant aspects of the surface apparatus followed by shear conditions in the well tubulars. A shear-histor

46、y apparatus that satisfies the requirements can be generically classified as a tube or pipe flow device that operates in the laminar flow regime. Flow shall occur in a single-pass mode.A schematic diagram of a shear-history simulator connected to a pressurized concentric-cylinder viscometer is shown

47、 in Figure 1. In laminar flow, the energy dissipation rate is the same in any shear-history apparatus even if different tubing sizes are used. Thus, the design and functioning of the apparatus can vary and still meet the desired preconditioning criteria.Key1 tubing coil sized to provide shear rate a

48、nd time 2 differential pressure measurement device (optional)3 static mixing device 4 high-pressure injection for final additive, e.g. crosslinker or activator5 high-pressure injection for second additive, if needed6 base fluid (i.e. non-crosslinked) in piston accumulator7 hydraulic oil from pump us

49、ed to displace the base fluid8 positive displacement pump9 reservoir for hydraulic oil10 flow diversion valve11 collection container for fluid12 pressurized concentric-cylinder viscometerNOTE Based on the Chandler Model 5550 viscometer1).Figure 1 Shear-history simulation diagram1) Chandler Model 5550 is an example of a suitable product available commercially. This information is given for the convenience of users of this document and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of this product.ISO 13503-1:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reser