EN 1915-1-2013 en Aircraft ground support equipment - General requirements - Part 1 Basic safety requirements《飞机地面支持设备 一般要求 第1部分 基本的安全要求》.pdf

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1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 1915-1:2013Aircraft ground supportequipment GeneralrequirementsPart 1: Basic safety requirementsBS EN 1915-1:2013 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is

2、the UK implementation of EN 1915-1:2013. Itsupersedes BS EN 1915-1:2001+A1:2009 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee ACE/57, Air cargo and ground support equipment.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on reques

3、t to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 70182 5ICS 49.100Compliance with a British Standar

4、d cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2013.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 1915-1:2013EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1915-1 Ja

5、nuary 2013 ICS 49.100 Supersedes EN 1915-1:2001+A1:2009English Version Aircraft ground support equipment - General requirements - Part 1: Basic safety requirements Matriels au sol pour aronefs - Exigences gnrales - Partie 1 : Exigences fondamentales de scurit Luftfahrt-Bodengerte - Allgemeine Anford

6、erungen - Teil 1: Grundlegende Sicherheitsanforderungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 November 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without

7、 any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other lan

8、guage made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denma

9、rk, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE

10、FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1915-1:2013: EBS EN 1915-1:2013EN 1915-1:20

11、13 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword . 4 Introduction 6 1 Scope 7 2 Normative references . 8 3 Terms and definitions 9 4 List of hazards 11 5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures. 11 5.1 General . 11 5.2 Accommodation for driver and other persons 12 5.3 Drivers cabin . 12 5.4 Controls 13 5.5 Sa

12、fety related parts 15 5.6 Monitoring devices and displays . 15 5.7 Steering devices . 15 5.8 Brakes for travelling purposes or equivalent devices 16 5.9 Wheel assemblies - Centre split rims 17 5.10 Touchable surfaces - Exhaust . 17 5.11 Lights and reflectors for traffic purposes . 17 5.12 Auditory s

13、ignal devices . 18 5.13 Standing areas and walkways on GSE 18 5.14 Means of access . 20 5.15 Crushing and shearing points . 20 5.16 Securing of load . 21 5.17 Moveable bodies, assemblies and attachments . 21 5.18 Hydraulic and pneumatic systems 21 5.19 Stability and strength . 22 5.20 Lifting system

14、s . 23 5.21 Lifting devices 23 5.22 Lifting/work platforms 24 5.23 Operating speeds . 24 5.24 Towing couplings, drawbars and towbars 25 5.25 Service connections 25 5.26 Electrical design, components and batteries . 25 5.27 Fire protection 26 5.28 Lasers . 26 6 Information for use . 26 6.1 Marking .

15、26 6.2 Instructions 28 7 Verification of safety requirements and/or measures 28 7.1 General . 28 7.2 Guard rails 29 7.3 Ladders . 29 Annex A (normative) List of hazards 30 Annex B (informative) Trilingual list of GSE 34 Annex C (normative) Design of service brakes . 35 C.1 Self-propelled GSE . 35 BS

16、 EN 1915-1:2013EN 1915-1:2013 (E) 3 C.2 GSE trains . 36 Annex D (normative) Types of access to GSE . 37 D.1 Rung type and ladder steps . 37 D.2 Stepladders. 40 D.3 Stairs . 41 D.4 Footholds 42 Annex E (informative) Examples of safety measures to reduce the risk of crushing and shearing under the loa

17、d carrier when it is not possible to meet the requirements in 5.15 44 Annex F (informative) Examples for hose and fittings installation . 45 F.1 General . 45 F.2 Avoidance of external damage 47 F.3 Reducing bending stress . 47 F.4 Avoidance of torsional stress 47 F.5 Installation aids 48 F.6 Protect

18、ion against external temperature rises 49 Annex G (normative) Falling hazard symbol . 50 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC on machinery . 51 Bibliography 52 BS EN 1915-1:2013EN 1915-1:2013 (E) 4 Foreword This

19、document (EN 1915-1:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 274 “Aircraft ground support equipment”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the la

20、test by July 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such

21、patent rights. This document supersedes EN 1915-1:2001+A1:2009. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informat

22、ive Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. EN 1915, Aircraft ground support equipment General requirements, consists of the following parts: Part 1: Basic safety requirements (the present document); Part 2: Stability and strength requirements, calculations and test methods; Part 3: Vi

23、bration measurement methods and reduction; Part 4: Noise measurement methods and reduction. EN 12312, Aircraft ground support equipment Specific requirements , consists of the following parts: Part 1: Passenger stairs; Part 2: Catering vehicles; Part 3: Conveyor belt vehicles; Part 4: Passenger boar

24、ding bridges; Part 5: Aircraft fuelling equipment; Part 6: Deicers and deicing/antiicing equipment; Part 7: Air-craft movement equipment; Part 8: Maintenance stairs and platforms; Part 9: Container/Pallet loaders; Part 10: Container/Pallet transfer transporters; Part 11: Container/Pallet dollies and

25、 loose load trailers; BS EN 1915-1:2013EN 1915-1:2013 (E) 5 Part 12: Potable water service equipment; Part 13: Lavatory service equipment; Part 14: Disabled/incapacitated passenger boarding vehicles; Part 15: Baggage and equipment tractors; Part 16: Air start equipment; Part 17: Air conditioning equ

26、ipment; Part 18: Nitrogen or Oxygen units; Part 19: Aircraft jacks, axle jacks and hydraulic tail stanchions; Part 20: Electrical ground power units. The main changes compared to the previous edition are: a) Amendment A1:2009 was incorporated; b) the Scope was updated; c) Clause 2, Normative referen

27、ces, was updated; d) more terms and definitions were added; e) List of hazards was moved to Annex A (the following Annexes were re-numbered); f) 5.2, 5.3, 5.4 were changed; g) 5.5, Safety related parts, was inserted, thus making it necessary to re-number the following clauses; h) 5.6 to 5.28 were ch

28、anged and re-numbered; i) 6.2 was changed; j) Clause 7 was changed; k) a term was added to the trilingual list of GSE in Annex B; l) Clauses D.2, D.3 and D.4 were added; m) Annex G was added; n) Annex ZA referring to the Machinery directive 98/37/EC was replaced by Annex ZA referring to the new Mach

29、inery directive 2006/42/EC; o) the Bibliography was updated. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia

30、, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 1915-1:2013EN 1915-1

31、:2013 (E) 6 Introduction The abbreviation GSE means a complete item of aircraft ground support equipment in the context of this European Standard. When compiling this European Standard it was assumed that: a) GSE is operated only by competent persons on the airport ramp; b) components without specif

32、ic requirements are: 1) designed in accordance with good engineering practice and calculation codes; 2) of sound mechanical and electrical construction; 3) made of materials with adequate strength and of suitable quality; 4) made of materials free of defects; c) materials known to be harmful, such a

33、s asbestos, are not used as part of GSE; d) components are kept in good repair and working order, so that the required characteristics remain despite wear; e) by design of the load bearing elements, a safe operation of the machine is assured for loading ranges from zero to 100 % of the rated possibi

34、lities and during tests; f) the particular conditions of use and place of use have been established; g) the place of operation allows a safe use of GSE. The extent to which hazards are covered is indicated in the scope of this European Standard. Enumerations in this European Standard are not to be c

35、onsidered exclusive, they are compiled according to the present state of the art. The minimum essential criteria are considered to be of primary importance in providing safe, economical and usable GSE. Deviations should occur only after careful consideration, extensive testing and thorough in servic

36、e evaluation have shown alternative methods or conditions to be satisfactory. Such deviations are outside the scope of this standard and a manufacturer should be able to demonstrate an equivalent level of protection. This European Standard is a Type C standard as defined in EN ISO 12100. BS EN 1915-

37、1:2013EN 1915-1:2013 (E) 7 1 Scope This European Standard applies to GSE when used in civil air transport as intended by the manufacturer and contains safety requirements relating to the equipment in general. This European Standard specifies the technical requirements to minimise the hazards listed

38、in Clause 4 which can arise during the commissioning, operation and maintenance of GSE when used as intended including misuse reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer, when carried out in accordance with the specifications given by the manufacturer or his authorised representative. It also takes i

39、nto account some requirements recognised as essential by authorities, aircraft and ground support equipment (GSE) manufacturers as well as airlines and handling agencies. This part of EN 1915 is intended to be used in conjunction with EN 1915-2, EN 1915-3 (for self-propelled GSE) and EN 1915-4, and

40、with the relevant part of EN 12312 to give the requirements for the types of GSE within the scope of EN 12312. When EN 12312 does not contain a relevant part for a GSE, EN 1915 (all parts) gives general requirements that may apply, although additional machine specific requirements, to be determined

41、by the manufacturer, are likely to be required. This part of EN 1915 does not apply to automotive parts approved for public vehicles in the EU and EFTA, when used on GSE for the purpose for which they are designed. This part of EN 1915 does not establish additional requirements for the following: a)

42、 operation elsewhere than in an airport environment; b) operation in severe conditions, e.g. ambient temperature below -20 C or over 50 C, tropical or saturated salty atmospheric environment, strong magnetic or radiation field; c) operation subject to special rules, e.g. potentially explosive atmosp

43、here except as regards operation in the vicinity of an aircraft fuel tank during fuelling operation; d) hazards caused by power supply other than from electrical networks; e) hazards occurring during construction, transportation, commissioning and decommissioning of the GSE; f) hazards caused by win

44、d velocity in excess of the figures given in this European Standard; g) direct contact with food stuffs; h) earthquake, flood, landslide, lightning and more generally any exceptional natural event; i) electromagnetic compatibility (EMC); j) hazards caused by noise and vibration, see EN 1915-3 and EN

45、 1915-4. While this standard gives some basic requirements for wireless remote controls, additional requirements will be necessary. This part of EN 1915 is not applicable to GSE which are manufactured before the date of publication by CEN of this Standard. BS EN 1915-1:2013EN 1915-1:2013 (E) 8 2 Nor

46、mative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments

47、) applies. EN 894-1, Safety of machinery Ergonomic requirements for the design of displays and control actuators Part 1: General principles for human interactions with displays and control actuators EN 894-3, Safety of machinery Ergonomic requirements for the design of displays and control actuators

48、 Part 3: Control actuators EN 953, Safety of machinery Guards General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and moveable guards EN 982, Safety of machinery Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components Hydraulics EN 983, Safety of machinery Safety requirements for

49、fluid power systems and their components Pneumatics EN 1915-2, Aircraft ground support equipment General requirements Part 2: Stability and strength requirements, calculations and test methods EN 1915-3, Aircraft ground support equipment General requirements Part 3: Vibration measurement methods and reduction EN 1915-4, Aircraft ground support equipment General requirements Part 4: Noise measurement methods and reduction EN 12312 (all parts), Aircraft ground support equipment Specific