BS ISO 6487-2015 Road vehicles Measurement techniques in impact tests Instrumentation《道路车辆 冲击试验用测量技术 仪器》.pdf

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1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 6487:2015Road vehicles Measurementtechniques in impact tests InstrumentationBS ISO 6487:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 6487:2015. Itsupersedes BS ISO 6487:2012 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its

2、preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee AUE/7, Automobile occupant restraint systems.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible

3、for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 85564 1ICS 43.020Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and

4、 Strategy Committee on 31 July 2015.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 6487:2015 ISO 2015Road vehicles Measurement techniques in impact tests InstrumentationVhicules routiers Techniques de mesurage lors des essais de chocs InstrumentationINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO6487Sixth ed

5、ition2015-08-01Reference numberISO 6487:2015(E)BS ISO 6487:2015ISO 6487:2015(E)ii ISO 2015 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2015, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any for

6、m or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet

7、 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 6487:2015ISO 6487:2015(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Performance requirements . 34.1 CFC specifications and performance

8、 requirements 34.2 Phase delay time of a data channel 54.3 Time 64.3.1 Timebase 64.3.2 Relative time delay . 64.4 Transducer transverse sensitivity ratio of a rectilinear transducer . 64.5 Calibration 64.5.1 General 64.5.2 Accuracy of reference equipment for calibration 64.5.3 Calibration procedures

9、 and uncertainties . 64.5.4 Sensitivity coefficient and nonlinearity . 74.5.5 Calibration of frequency response . 84.6 Environmental effects . 84.7 Choice and designation of data channel 84.8 Choice of reference coordinate system 84.9 Impact velocity measurement . 84.10 ATD temperature measurement 8

10、Annex A (informative) Example of Butterworth four-pole phaseless digital filter (including initial conditions treatment) algorithm 10Annex B (informative) Recommendations for enabling requirements of this International Standard to be met 14Annex C (informative) Temperature measurements systems .16Bi

11、bliography .17 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 6487:2015ISO 6487:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are mem

12、bers of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international or

13、ganizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further mai

14、ntenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attenti

15、on is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introd

16、uction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to co

17、nformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 36, Safety aspects and i

18、mpact testing.This sixth edition cancels and replaces the fifth edition (ISO 6487:2012), which has been technically revised.iv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 6487:2015ISO 6487:2015(E)IntroductionThis International Standard is the result of a willingness to harmonize the previous edition, ISO 648

19、7:2012, and SAE Internationals Recommended Practice, SAE J211-1.It presents a series of performance requirements concerning the whole measurement sequence of impact shocks.These requirements may not be altered by the user and all are obligatory for any agency conducting tests to this International S

20、tandard. However, the method of demonstrating compliance with them is flexible and can be adapted to suit the needs of the particular equipment used by a testing agency.This approach affects the interpretation of requirements. For example, there is a requirement to calibrate within the working range

21、 of the channel, i.e. between FLand FH/2,5. This cannot be interpreted literally, as low-frequency calibration of accelerometers requires large displacement inputs beyond the capacity of virtually any laboratory.It is not intended that each requirement be taken as necessitating proof by a single tes

22、t. Rather, it is intended that any agency proposing to conduct tests to this International Standard guarantee that if a particular test could be and were to be carried out, then their equipment would meet the requirements. This proof would be based on reasonable deductions from existing data such as

23、 the results of partial tests.On the basis of studies carried out by technical experts, no significant difference has been identified between the characteristics of the load transducer when using static as opposed to dynamic calibration methods. This new edition helps to define the dynamic calibrati

24、on method for force and moment data channels in accordance with the current knowledge base and studies available.The temperature of the anthropomorphic test device (ATD) used in a collision test needs to be monitored to confirm that it has been used within the acceptable temperature range prescribed

25、 for the whole ATD or body segment. The objective is to prevent temperature from being a variable that will influence the ATD response. The actual ATD temperature can be influenced by various factors including ambient air, high-speed photography lighting, sunshine, heat dissipation from transducers,

26、 and ATD in-board data acquisition systems. In order to respond to these objectives, the new edition specifies the performance requirements for the ATD temperature measurement.This International Standard defines the requirements of an impact test for which the measurement uncertainties can only be p

27、artially calculated.To summarize, this International Standard enables users of impact test results to call up a set of relevant instrumentation requirements by merely specifying this International Standard. Their test agency then has the primary responsibility for ensuring that the requirements of t

28、his International Standard are met by their instrumentation system. The evidence on which they have based this proof assessment will be available to the user upon request. In this way, fixed requirements guaranteeing the suitability of the instrumentation for impact testing can be combined with flex

29、ible methods of demonstrating compliance with those requirements. ISO 2015 All rights reserved vBS ISO 6487:2015BS ISO 6487:2015Road vehicles Measurement techniques in impact tests Instrumentation1 ScopeThis International Standard gives requirements and recommendations for measurement techniques inv

30、olving the instrumentation used in impact tests carried out on road vehicles. Its requirements are aimed at facilitating comparisons between results obtained by different testing laboratories, while its recommendations will assist such laboratories in meeting those requirements. It is applicable to

31、instrumentation including that used in the impact testing of vehicle subassemblies. It does not include optical methods which are the subject of ISO 8721.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its appl

32、ication. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 2041, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring VocabularyISO 3784, Road vehicles Measurement of impact velocity in c

33、ollision testsISO 4130, Road vehicles Three-dimensional reference system and fiducial marks DefinitionsISO/TR 27957, Road vehicles Temperature measurement in anthropomorphic test devices Definition of the temperature sensor locationsSAE J211-1, Instrumentation for impact test Part 1: Electronic inst

34、rumentation3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions given in ISO 2041 and the following apply.3.1data channelall the instrumentation from, and including a single transducer (or multiple transducers, the outputs of which are combined in some specif

35、ied way), to, and including any analysis procedures that may alter the frequency content or the amplitude content of data3.2transducerfirst device in a data channel (3.1) used to convert a physical quantity to be measured into a second quantity (such as an electrical voltage) which can be processed

36、by the remainder of the channel3.3channel amplitude classCACdesignation for a data channel (3.1) that meets certain amplitude characteristics as specified by this International StandardNote 1 to entry: The CAC number is numerically equal to the upper limit of the measurement range which is equivalen

37、t to data channel full scale.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6487:2015(E) ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 6487:2015ISO 6487:2015(E)3.4channel frequency classCFCfrequency class designated by a number indicating that the channel frequency response lies within certain limitsNote 1 to entry: CFC XXX def

38、ines the frequency class with XXX = Frequency, FH, in hertz.3.5calibration valuemean value measured and read during calibration of a data channel (3.1)3.6sensitivityratio of the output signal (in equivalent physical units) to the input signal (physical excitation) when an excitation is applied to th

39、e transducer (3.2)EXAMPLE 10,24 mV/g/V for a strain gauge accelerometer.3.7sensitivity coefficientslope of the straight line representing the best fit to the calibration values (3.5) determined by the method of least squares within the channel amplitude class (CAC) (3.3)Note 1 to entry: Specific sen

40、sors such as seat belt sensors, torque sensors, and multi-axial force sensors may require a specific calibration procedure.3.8calibration factor of a data channelarithmetic mean of the sensitivity coefficients (3.7) evaluated over frequencies evenly spaced on a logarithmic scale between FLand FH/2,5

41、Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2 and Figure 3.3.9non-linearityratio of the maximum difference (Dmax) between the calibration value (3.5) and the value read from the best approximation of calibration values (3.5) expressed as a percentage of the channel amplitude class (CAC) (3.3)Note 1 to entry: See Fi

42、gure 1 and 4.5.4.2 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 6487:2015ISO 6487:2015(E)D maxCAC21Key1 input signal2 output signalNOTE Non-linearity = Dmax/CAC * 100.Figure 1 Non-linearity3.10transverse sensitivity of a rectilinear transducersensitivity (3.6) to excitation in a nominal direction perpendicula

43、r to its sensitive axisNote 1 to entry: The transverse sensitivity of a rectilinear transducer is usually a function of the nominal direction of the axis chosen.Note 2 to entry: The cross sensitivity of force and bending moment transducers is complicated by the complexity of loading cases. At time o

44、f publication, this situation had yet to be resolved.3.11transverse sensitivity ratio of a rectilinear transducerratio of the transverse sensitivity of a rectilinear transducer (3.10) to its sensitivity along its sensitive axisNote 1 to entry: The cross-sensitivity of force and bending moment transd

45、ucers is complicated by the complexity of loading cases. At time of publication, this situation had yet to be resolved.3.12phase delay time of a data channeltime equal to the phase delay, expressed in radians, of a sinusoidal signal divided by the angular frequency of that signal and expressed in ra

46、dians per second3.13environmentaggregate at a given moment of all external conditions and influences to which the data channel (3.1) is subject4 Performance requirements4.1 CFC specifications and performance requirementsThe absolute value of the non-linearity of a data channel at any frequency (exce

47、pt if data channel is calibrated against only one point) in the channel frequency class (CFC) shall be less than or equal to 2,5 % of the value of the CAC over the whole measurement range.The frequency response of a data channel shall lie within the limiting curves given in Table 1 and Figure 2 for

48、CFC 1 000 and CFC 600. For CFC 60 and CFC 180, the frequency response of a data channel ISO 2015 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 6487:2015ISO 6487:2015(E)shall lie within the limiting curves given in Table 2 and Figure 3. The zero decibels line is defined by the calibration factor.NOTE For CFC 180 and C

49、FC 60, the filtering algorithm given in Annex A addresses this requirement.Table 1 Logarithmic scales for CFC 1 000 and CFC 600Attenuations(dB)Frequency(Hz)FZUpper Lower CFC 600 CFC 1000FL+0,5 0,5 0,1 0,1FH+0,5 1,0 600 1 000FN+0,5 4,0 1 000 1 6502*FH+0,5 1 200 2 000FG30,0 2 119 3 496FJ40,0 - 3 865 6 442KeyX in HertzY in dBFigure 2 Frequency response limits CFC 1 000 and CFC 6004 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 6487:2015ISO 6487:2015(E)Table 2 Logarithmic scales for CFC 60 and CFC 180Attenuations(dB)Frequency