BS ISO 22197-3-2011 Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics advanced technical ceramics) Test method for air-purification performance of semiconducting photocatalytic materials Removal of.pdf

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1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 22197-3:2011Fine ceramics (advancedceramics, advanced technicalceramics) Test method forair-purification performance ofsemiconducting photocatalyticmaterialsPart 3: Remova

2、l of tolueneBS ISO 22197-3:2011 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 22197-3:2011.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee RPI/13, Advanced technical ceramics.A list of organizations represented on this committee ca

3、n beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 62883 2ICS 81.060.30Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligation

4、s.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 22197-3:2011Reference numberISO 22197-3:2011(E)ISO 2011INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO22197-3First edition2011-04-01Fine cer

5、amics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) Test method for air-purification performance of semiconducting photocatalytic materials Part 3: Removal of toluene Cramiques techniques Mthodes dessai relatives la performance des matriaux photocatalytiques semi-conducteurs pour la purification

6、de lair Partie 3: limination du tolune BS ISO 22197-3:2011ISO 22197-3:2011(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to an

7、d installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the softwar

8、e products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is f

9、ound, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2011 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and m

10、icrofilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii IS

11、O 2011 All rights reservedBS ISO 22197-3:2011ISO 22197-3:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .2 4 Symbols3 5 Principle .3 6 Apparatus.3 6.1 Test equipment3 6.2 Test gas supply .4 6.3 Photoreactor 5 6.4 Light sourc

12、e .6 6.5 Analytical system 6 7 Test piece .7 8 Procedure.7 8.1 General aspects.7 8.2 Pretreatment of test piece 7 8.3 Toluene removal test.8 9 Calculation .8 10 Test method for test pieces with lower performance9 11 Test report9 Annex A (informative) Results of round-robin test .10 Bibliography11 BS

13、 ISO 22197-3:2011ISO 22197-3:2011(E) iv ISO 2011 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technica

14、l committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely wit

15、h the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft Inter

16、national Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may

17、 be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 22197-3 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 206, Fine ceramics. ISO 22197 consists of the following parts, under the general title Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced

18、technical ceramics) Test method for air-purification performance of semiconducting photocatalytic materials: Part 1: Removal of nitric oxide Part 2: Removal of acetaldehyde Part 3: Removal of toluene Part 4: Removal of formaldehyde Part 5: Removal of methyl mercaptan BS ISO 22197-3:2011INTERNATIONAL

19、 STANDARD ISO 22197-3:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 1Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) Test method for air-purification performance of semiconducting photocatalytic materials Part 3: Removal of toluene 1 Scope This part of ISO 22197 specifies a test method for the

20、 determination of the air-purification performance of materials that contain a photocatalyst or have photocatalytic films on the surface, usually made from semiconducting metal oxides, such as titanium dioxide or other ceramic materials, by continuous exposure of a test piece to the model air pollut

21、ant under illumination with ultraviolet light (UV-A). This part of ISO 22197 is intended for use with different kinds of materials, such as construction materials in flat sheet, board or plate shape, that are the basic forms of materials for various applications. This part of ISO 22197 also applies

22、to structured filter materials including honeycomb-form, woven and non-woven fabrics, and to plastic or paper materials if they contain ceramic microcrystals and composites. This part of ISO 22197 does not apply to powder or granular photocatalytic materials. This test method is usually applicable t

23、o photocatalytic materials produced for air purification. This method is not suitable for the determination of other performance attributes of photocatalytic materials, i.e. decomposition of water contaminants, self-cleaning, antifogging and antibacterial actions. It concerns the removal of toluene.

24、 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 80000-1:2009, Quantit

25、ies and units Part 1: General ISO 2718:1974, Standard layout for a method of chemical analysis by gas chromatography ISO 4677-1:1985, Atmospheres for conditioning and testing Determination of relative humidity Part 1: Aspirated psychrometer method ISO 4892-3:2006, Plastics Methods of exposure to lab

26、oratory light sources Part 3: Fluorescent UV lamps ISO 5725-2:1994, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results Part 2: Basic method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method ISO 6145-7:2001, Gas analysis Preparation of calib

27、ration gas mixtures using dynamic volumetric methods Part 7: Thermal mass-flow controllers BS ISO 22197-3:2011ISO 22197-3:2011(E) 2 ISO 2011 All rights reservedISO 10677:1), Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) Ultraviolet light source for testing semiconducting photocataly

28、tic materials ISO/IEC 17025:2005, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories ISO 22197-1:2007, Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) Test method for air-purification performance of semiconducting photocatalytic materials Part 1: Removal o

29、f nitric oxide 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 photocatalyst substance that performs one or more functions based on oxidization and reduction reactions under photoirradiation, including decomposition and removal of air and wat

30、er contaminants, deodorization, and antibacterial, self-cleaning and antifogging actions 3.2 photocatalytic materials materials in which or on which the photocatalyst is added by coating, impregnation, mixing, etc. NOTE Such photocatalytic materials are intended primarily for use as building and roa

31、d construction materials to obtain the above-mentioned functions. 3.3 zero-calibration gas air that does not contain pollutants (i.e. in which common pollutants are below 0,01 l/l) NOTE The zero-calibration gas is prepared from indoor air using a laboratory air-purification system, or supplied as sy

32、nthetic air in a gas cylinder. 3.4 standard gas diluted gases of known concentrations supplied in cylinders and certified by an accredited laboratory 3.5 test gas mixture of air and pollutant(s) of known concentration prepared from a standard gas or a zero-calibration gas, to be used for the perform

33、ance test of a photocatalytic material NOTE The flow rate, concentration, etc., are expressed at the standard state (0 C, 101,3 kPa) and dry-gas basis (exclusion of water vapour). 3.6 dark condition test condition with no light illumination by the light source for testing and room lighting NOTE Usua

34、lly the test gas is supplied for comparison with the illuminated reaction. 1) To be published. BS ISO 22197-3:2011ISO 22197-3:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 34 Symbols For the purposes of this document, the following symbols apply. f the flow rate of test gas converted into that at the standar

35、d state (0 C, 101,3 kPa, and dry-gas basis) (l/min) Tthe volume fraction of toluene at the reactor exit (l/l) T0the supply volume fraction of toluene (l/l) nTthe quantity of toluene removed by the test piece (mol) R the removal percentage, by test piece, of toluene (%) 5 Principle This part of ISO 2

36、2197 concerns the development, comparison, quality assurance, characterization, reliability, and design data generation of photocatalytic materials (Reference 3 in the Bibliography). The method described is intended to obtain the air-purification performance of photocatalytic materials by exposing a

37、 test piece to model polluted air under illumination by ultraviolet (UV) light (Reference 4 in the Bibliography). Toluene (C7H8) is chosen as a typical aromatic volatile organic compound (VOC) with offensive odour. The test piece, placed in a flow-type photoreactor, is activated by UV illumination,

38、and adsorbs and oxidizes gas-phase toluene to form carbon dioxide (CO2) and other oxidation products (References 5 to 7 in the Bibliography). The air-purification performance is determined from the amount of toluene removed by the test piece, in micromoles (mol). The simple adsorption by the test pi

39、ece (not due to photocatalysis) is evaluated by tests in the dark. However, some test pieces adsorb toluene very strongly, and a stable concentration of toluene may not be attained in the designated time of test. The photocatalytic activity may depend on physical and chemical properties of pollutant

40、s, mainly due to the adsorption process involved. For a better evaluation of air-purification performance of photocatalytic materials, it is recommended to combine one or more suitable test methods as described in other parts of ISO 22197. 6 Apparatus 6.1 Test equipment The test equipment enables a

41、photocatalytic material to be examined for its pollutant-removal capability by supplying the test gas continuously, while providing photoirradiation to activate the photocatalyst. It is the same as that used in the test method for the removal of nitric oxide (ISO 22197-1) and consists of a test gas

42、supply, a photoreactor, a light source, and pollutant-measurement equipment. Since low concentrations of pollutants are to be tested, the system shall be constructed with materials of low adsorption and resistant to ultraviolet (UV) radiation (e.g. acrylic resin, borosilicate glass). An example of a

43、 testing system is shown in Figure 1. BS ISO 22197-3:2011ISO 22197-3:2011(E) 4 ISO 2011 All rights reservedDimensions in millimetres Key 1 light source 7 mass-flow controller 2 optical window 8 gas mixers 3 test piece 9 humidifier 4 standard gas (pollutant) 10 analyser 5 air-purification system 11 v

44、ent 6 compressor Figure 1 Schematic diagram of test equipment 6.2 Test gas supply The test gas supply provides air polluted with the model contaminant at a predetermined concentration, temperature and humidity, and supplies it continuously to the photoreactor. It consists of flow regulators, a humid

45、ifier, gas mixers, etc. The flow rate of each gas should be within 5 % of the designated value, which is easily attained by using thermal mass-flow controllers, with knowledge of the temperature and gas type at calibration in accordance with ISO 6145-7. The expression of gas flow rate in this part o

46、f ISO 22197 is that converted to the standard state (0 C, 101,3 kPa, and dry-gas basis). Typical capacities of flow controller for pollutant gas, dry air and wet air are 10 ml/min, 500 ml/min and 500 ml/min, respectively. The standard toluene gas before dilution, normally balanced with nitrogen in a

47、 cylinder, shall have a volume fraction of 10 l/l to 50 l/l. BS ISO 22197-3:2011ISO 22197-3:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 56.3 Photoreactor The photoreactor holds a planar test piece within a 50 mm wide trough, with its surface parallel to an optical window for photoirradiation. The reactor s

48、hall be fabricated from materials that adsorb little test gas and withstand irradiation of near-UV light. The test piece shall be separated from the window by a 5,0 mm 0,5 mm thick air layer. The test gas shall pass only through the space between the test piece and the window. This gap shall be accu

49、rately set up according to the thickness of the test piece, for example, by using height-adjusting plates with different thicknesses, as shown in Figure 2 a). When a filter-type material is tested, an alternative type of test-piece holder shall be used, which holds the test piece while allowing the test gas to pass through the cells of the filter under illumination Figure 2 b). Quartz or borosilicate glass that absorbs minimal light at wavelengths longer than 300 nm sh