BS ISO 15818-2017 Earth-moving machinery Lifting and tying-down attachment points Performance requirements《土方机械 升降连接点 性能要求》.pdf

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1、BS ISO 15818:2017Earth-moving machinery Lifting and tying-downattachment points Performance requirementsBSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS ISO 15818:2017 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 15818:2017

2、.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/513/1, Earth moving machinery (International).A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a

3、contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2017. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017ISBN 978 0 580 81228 6ICS 53.100Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the aut

4、hority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2017.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 15818:2017 ISO 2017Earth-moving machinery Lifting and tying-down attachment points Performance requirementsEngins de terrassement Points dancrage pour le levag

5、e et larrimage Exigences de performanceINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO15818First edition2017-03Reference numberISO 15818:2017(E)BS ISO 15818:2017ISO 15818:2017(E)ii ISO 2017 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2017, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, n

6、o part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs memb

7、er body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 15818:2017ISO 15818:2017(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and defi

8、nitions . 14 Lifting attachment points 44.1 Location and number 44.2 Strength . 45 Tying-down attachment points . 65.1 Location and number 65.2 Acceleration coefficient . 65.3 Strength . 76 Attachment points Common requirements . 96.1 Common locational requirements 96.2 Material requirements. 106.3

9、Pull-pin type devices . 106.4 Common devices. 107 Identification .108 Lifting and tying-down instructions 119 Verification 12Annex A (normative) Lifting and tying-down information for disassembled machines .13Annex B (informative) Lifting, loading, tying down and transporting earth-moving machinery

10、Methods and recommendations .14Annex C (informative) Method for calculation of forces on tying-down attachment points in diagonal lashing disposition .19Bibliography .20 ISO 2017 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 15818:2017ISO 15818:2017(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Sta

11、ndardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the righ

12、t to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures

13、used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rule

14、s of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights iden

15、tified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanati

16、on on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www .iso .org/ iso

17、/ foreword .htmlThis document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 127, Earth-moving machinery, Subcommittee SC 3, Machine characteristics, electrical and electronic systems, operation and maintenance.iv ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS ISO 15818:2017ISO 15818:2017(E)IntroductionThis document ha

18、s been developed to define the performance requirements of lifting and tying-down attachment points fitted on, or incorporated into, earth-moving machinery for the purposes of its effective and safe transportation.Although manufacturers of machines do not have direct responsibility for such transpor

19、tation, the method and precautions necessary for lifting, tying down and disassembling for transportation are described in informative annexes which can be used by the manufacturer as guidance when preparing the operators manual.The tying-down requirements and recommendations given in this document

20、are intended to match with widely applied practices such as those described in IMO/ILO/UNECE guidelines. However, where this is not the case, another or other supplemental methods for securing the machine can be provided in the operators manual. ISO 2017 All rights reserved vBS ISO 15818:2017BS ISO

21、15818:2017Earth-moving machinery Lifting and tying-down attachment points Performance requirements1 ScopeThis document specifies the performance requirements for the lifting and tying-down attachment points of earth-moving machinery as defined in ISO 6165.This document also applies to components and

22、 subassemblies of earth-moving machinery which the manufacturer intends to be lifted or tied down separately by using lifting or tying-down attachment points.NOTE 1 Some components (e.g. tyres, tyres with wheels, track shoe assemblies, hydraulic cylinders) can be securely tied down without specific

23、tying-down attachment points.This document applies to the following modes of transport: lifting with cranes (e.g. mobile cranes, gantry cranes); road transport (e.g. truck, trailer); rail transport, including combined transport (e.g. wagons with containers, swap-bodies, semi-trailers, trucks); sea t

24、ransport.It is not applicable to airlift or transport by air, or rail transport of machines on wagons subject to shunting.NOTE 2 National or local regulations can be more stringent.This document does not include requirements for attaching the machine to a platform of the rail car, boat, etc., from w

25、hich the machine is intended to work.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the refe

26、renced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 2867, Earth-moving machinery Access systemsISO 6165, Earth-moving machinery Basic types Identification and terms and definitionsISO 6405-1, Earth-moving machinery Symbols for operator controls and other displays Part 1: Common symbolsISO 7000, G

27、raphical symbols for use on equipment Registered symbols3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 6165 and the following apply.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15818:2017(E) ISO 2017 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 15818:2017ISO 15818:2017(E)3.1lifting at

28、tachment pointdevice fitted on, or incorporated into, an earth-moving machine, used for lifting the machine or disassembled unitNote 1 to entry: The attachment point can be a hole, a lifting eye or any specific part of the machine as specified by the manufacturer.3.2lifting accessorycombination of m

29、aterials (e.g. shackles, wire ropes, slings, chains) used for lifting the machine or disassembled unit3.3tying-down attachment pointdevice fitted on, or incorporated into, an earth-moving machine, used for tying down when transporting the machine or disassembled unitNote 1 to entry: The attachment p

30、oint can be a hole, a tying-down eye or any specific part of the machine as specified by the manufacturer.3.4tying-down accessorycombination of materials (e.g. chains, wire ropes, shackles, bracing, wheel chocks) used for tying down and fastening when transporting a machine or disassembled unit3.5sl

31、ingassembly of slinging components, such as chains, wire ropes or textile material joined to upper or lower terminals, suitable for attaching to a lifting attachment point (3.1)3.6machine lifting configurationmanufacturers recommended position of the machine for lifting3.7machine tying-down configur

32、ationmanufacturers recommended position of the machine for transport3.8 Masses for calculation3.8.1mass of each disassembled unitmass of each unit of a machine (e.g. component, subassembly, base machine) that is disassembled for transport Note 1 to entry: It is used for calculating forces exerted on

33、 lifting attachment points (3.1) or tying-down attachment points (3.3) of the unit.3.8.2whole machine mass for calculationmass of the machine, including the heaviest combination of cab, canopy, operator-protective structures, if any, with all their components and mountings, and any combination of eq

34、uipment and attachment approved by the manufacturer of the machine, including full-liquid systems excluding payloadsNote 1 to entry: It is used for calculating forces exerted on lifting attachment points (3.1) or tying-down attachment points (3.3) of the whole machine.2 ISO 2017 All rights reservedB

35、S ISO 15818:2017ISO 15818:2017(E)3.9distributed lifting forceforce applied onto each lifting attachment point (3.1) from lifting equipment through lifting accessories (3.2) during liftingNote 1 to entry: The distributed lifting force magnitude and direction can be different for each lifting attachme

36、nt point due to unequal distribution of loads and non-vertical lifting accessories.3.10distributed tying-down forcerestraining forceforce potentially applied onto each tying-down attachment point (3.3) from transport vehicle through tying-down accessories (3.4) during transport3.11working load limit

37、WLLmaximum load (mass) that the lifting accessory (3.2) is designed to lift under the conditions specified by the manufacturer3.12lashing capacityLCmaximum allowable direct force that a tying-down accessory (3.4) can sustain in use3.13transport vehiclevehicle to which the earth-moving machine is tie

38、d down for transportation purposes3.14proof forcecalculated force including proof factor for distributed lifting force (3.9) or distributed tying-down force (3.10) 3.15breaking forcecalculated force including safety factor for distributed lifting force (3.9) or distributed tying-down force (3.10) 3.

39、16number of effective tying-down attachment pointsnnumber of tying-down attachment points (3.3) used simultaneously in the same direction of force3.17number of effective lifting attachment pointsnnumber of lifting attachment points (3.1) used simultaneously3.18lashingrestraining (as cargo) of earth-

40、moving machine movement in relation to the transport vehicle (3.13) against forces applied on the machine during transport by means of the appropriate use of tying-down accessories (3.4)3.19resultant forceFRx, FRyforce acting on the tying-down attachment point (3.3) due to the direction of force rel

41、ative to the transport vehicle (3.13) actuated on the load in either the x- or y- direction during transport ISO 2017 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 15818:2017ISO 15818:2017(E)4 Lifting attachment points4.1 Location and numberSufficient number of lifting attachment points shall be placed so that the li

42、fting force derived from the machine mass is relatively well distributed and balanced during lifting with a lifting accessory or accessories.Where there is no appropriate central lifting attachment point (see Figure B.2), lifting attachment points shall be spaced the maximum practical distance for a

43、ppropriate stability and balance.A lifting attachment point or points should be designed to hold the terminal fittings of the lifting accessories in the foreseen position to avoid slipping.4.2 StrengthDependent on transport procedure, the lifting attachment points shall fulfil the strength requireme

44、nts to lift the whole machine or to lift the disassembled unit. Table 1 shall be used to define strength requirements for symmetric loadings.Alternatively, taking uneven loadings into account, the strength requirement for each lifting attachment point shall be calculated individually using the mass

45、of each disassembled unit or (3.8.1) the whole machine mass for calculation (3.8.2) and the location of the lifting points relative to the centre of the mass. A proof factor of 1,5 for the proof force and a safety factor of 4 for the breaking force shall be used in the calculations.The strength of e

46、ach lifting point shall be verified according to Clause 9.Open-end lifting attachment points, such as hooks, shall have a safety latch or other device to prevent unintended disengagement of the mating lifting accessory.4 ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS ISO 15818:2017ISO 15818:2017(E)Table 1 Lifting a

47、ttachment points Strength requirements Symmetric loadingsDistributed lifting force NStrength requirementProof force NBreaking force Nmngcosmng15,cosmng40,cosm is the whole machine mass for calculation or mass of each disassembled unit (kg)g is the acceleration due to the force of gravity (g = 9,8 m/

48、s2)n is the number of effective lifting attachment points, for calculation of symmetric loadings as defined below:1 with one lifting attachment point and 2 with two lifting attachment points that are symmetrically locat-ed about the centre of the machine mass, with equal chain lengths and angles;2 w

49、ith four or more lifting attachment points that are symmetrically located about the centre of the ma-chine mass, with equal chain lengths and angles for rigid load;3 with three lifting attachment points that are symmetrically located about the centre of the machine mass, with equal chain lengths and angles;3 with four lifting attachment points that are symmetrically located about the centre of the machine mass, with equal chain lengths and angles for non-rigid load;4 with four lifting attachment po