BS ISO 13065-2015 Sustainability criteria for bioenergy《对生物能源的可持续性标准》.pdf

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1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 13065:2015Sustainability criteria forbioenergyBS ISO 13065:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 13065:2015.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PTI/20, Sustainability of bioe

2、nergy.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2015.Published by BSI Sta

3、ndards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 72196 0ICS 13.020.99Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicat

4、ionDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 13065:2015 ISO 2015Sustainability criteria for bioenergyCritres de durabilit pour la bionergieINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO13065First edition2015-09-15Reference numberISO 13065:2015(E)BS ISO 13065:2015ISO 13065:2015(E)ii ISO 2015 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECT

5、ED DOCUMENT ISO 2015, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior w

6、ritten permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 13065:2

7、015ISO 13065:2015(E)Foreword vIntroduction vi1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 General requirements and recommendations 94.1 General . 94.2 Purpose and context . 94.3 Scope of assessment . 94.4 Stakeholder involvement . 94.5 Relevance and significance 104.6 Recording of

8、 legal requirements 104.7 Time periods 114.8 Science-based approach. 114.9 Data and information . 114.10 Traceability . 124.11 Comparability 124.12 Direct and indirect effects 134.13 Ecosystem services . 135 Principles, criteria and indicators 135.1 General 135.2 Environmental principles, criteria a

9、nd indicators 135.2.1 GHG .135.2.2 Water . 145.2.3 Soil .145.2.4 Air 155.2.5 Biodiversity . 155.2.6 Energy efficiency.165.2.7 Waste . 165.3 Social principles, criteria and indicators . 175.3.1 Human rights .175.3.2 Labour rights 175.3.3 Land use rights and land use change 195.3.4 Water use rights 19

10、5.4 Economic principle, criteria and indicators 205.4.1 Economic sustainability 206 Greenhouse gas methodologies, assessments and comparisons 206.1 General 206.2 Special considerations for time periods for GHG assessments 216.2.1 General. 216.2.2 Reference system 216.3 Assigning GHG emissions or GHG

11、 removals from carbon stock change in biomass and soil to the bioenergy product 226.4 Other climate-forcing agents . 226.5 Functional and delivered units . 226.6 Treatment of co-products in a GHG quantification .236.6.1 General. 236.6.2 Procedures for treatment of co-products 236.7 Treatment of wast

12、e. 246.8 System boundaries . 246.9 Process for comparison to determine GHG reduction .24Annex A (informative) Example format for summarizing information 25 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 13065:2015ISO 13065:2015(E)Annex B (informative) Guidance related to water indicators 30Anne

13、x C (informative) Guidance related to soil indicators 34Annex D (informative) Guidance related to air indicators .39Annex E (informative) Guidance related to biodiversity indicators .43Annex F (informative) Guidance related to waste indicators 47Annex G (informative) Child labour (text from ISO 2600

14、0:2010) .51Annex H (informative) Greenhouse gas 52Bibliography .55iv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 13065:2015ISO 13065:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing Intern

15、ational Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with

16、 ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives,

17、Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of th

18、e elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations r

19、eceived (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs

20、adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is Project Committee ISO/PC 248, Sustainability criteria for bioenergy. ISO 2015 All rights reserved vBS ISO 13065:2015ISO 1

21、3065:2015(E)IntroductionThe production and use of bioenergy have potential roles in mitigating climate change, promoting energy security and fostering sustainable development. This International Standard is designed to provide a consistent basis on which the sustainability of bioenergy can be assess

22、ed within a defined context and for a specified purpose. This International Standard provides principles, criteria and indicators. The principles reflect aspirational goals while the criteria and indicators address sustainability aspects and the information that is to be provided. However, the indic

23、ators in this International Standard might not comprehensively capture all sustainability aspects for all bioenergy processes.Virtually every country in the world uses some form of bioenergy. Various types of biomass are used for the production of bioenergy through many types and sizes of economic o

24、perations. The characteristics of bioenergy production therefore are heterogeneous and depend on several factors, such as geography, climate, level of development, institutions and technologies.The purpose of this International Standard is to provide a framework for considering environmental, social

25、 and economic aspects that can be used to facilitate the evaluation and comparability of bioenergy production and products, supply chains and applications. As part of the development of this International Standard, other relevant sustainability initiatives and International Standards were considered

26、.This International Standard aims to facilitate the sustainable production, use and trade of bioenergy and will enable users to identify areas for continual improvement in the sustainability of bioenergy. It can be used in several ways. It can facilitate business-to-business communications by provid

27、ing a standard framework that allows businesses to “speak the same language” when describing aspects of sustainability. Purchasers can use this International Standard to compare sustainability information from suppliers to help identify bioenergy processes and products that meet their requirements.

28、Other standards, certification initiatives and government agencies can use this International Standard as a reference for how to provide information regarding sustainability.This International Standard does not provide threshold values. Threshold values can be defined by economic operators in the su

29、pply chain and/or other organizations (e.g. government). Sustainability information provided through the use of this International Standard can then be compared with defined threshold values.In International Standards, the following verbal forms are used: “shall” indicates a requirement; “should” in

30、dicates a recommendation; “may” indicates a permission; “can” indicates a possibility or a capability.Further details can be found in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.vi ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 13065:2015Sustainability criteria for bioenergy1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies princ

31、iples, criteria and indicators for the bioenergy supply chain to facilitate assessment of environmental, social and economic aspects of sustainability.This International Standard is applicable to the whole supply chain, parts of a supply chain or a single process in the supply chain. This Internatio

32、nal Standard applies to all forms of bioenergy, irrespective of raw material, geographical location, technology or end use.This International Standard does not establish thresholds or limits and does not describe specific bioenergy processes and production methods. Compliance with this International

33、 Standard does not determine the sustainability of processes or products.This International Standard is intended to facilitate comparability of various bioenergy processes or products. It can also be used to facilitate comparability of bioenergy and other energy options.2 Normative referencesThe fol

34、lowing documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO/TS 14067:20

35、13, Greenhouse gases Carbon footprint of products Requirements and guidelines for quantification and communication3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1allocationpartitioning the input or output flows of a process (3.36) or a product s

36、ystem (3.38) between the product system under study and one or more other product systemsSOURCE: ISO 14040:2006, 3.173.2biodiversitybiological diversityvariability among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems (3.14) and the ecologica

37、l complexes of which they are part; this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystemsSOURCE: United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity273.3bioenergyenergy derived from biomass (3.4)Note 1 to entry: Biomass can be processed into solid, liquid or gaseous fuels or stored

38、 energy in biomass can be directly converted into other forms of energy (e.g. heat, light).INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13065:2015(E) ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 13065:2015ISO 13065:2015(E)3.4biomassraw material (3.40) of biological origin excluding material embedded in geological formations

39、or transformed to fossilized materialSOURCE: ISO 13833:2013, 3.2, modified The word “raw” has been added, because “ raw material (3.40)” is also defined in this International Standard, and “fossil” has been changed to “fossilized material”.3.5book and claimchain-of-custody (3.7) system where, from t

40、he production of raw material (3.40) to the final product (3.37) for consumption, the information on sustainability (3.48) is decoupled from the physical productNote 1 to entry: The system allows for the product itself and attributes of sustainability to be traded separately.3.6carbon dioxide equiva

41、lentCO2equivalentCO2eunit for comparing the radiative forcing of a greenhouse gas (3.21) to that of carbon dioxideNote 1 to entry: Mass of a greenhouse gas is converted into CO2equivalents using global warming potentials.SOURCE: ISO/TS 14067:2013, 3.1.3.2, modified Original Note 2 to entry has been

42、omitted.3.7chain-of-custodychain of responsibility for or control of materials as they move through each step of the process (3.36) or product system (3.38) under assessment3.8child labourwork that deprives children of their childhood, their potential and their dignity, and that is harmful to their

43、physical and mental developmentNote 1 to entry: This is a frequently used definition according to the International Labour Organization (ILO).SOURCE: International Labour Organization, “What is child labour”22, modified3.9competent national authorityapplicable national regulatory body or authority d

44、esignated or otherwise recognized as such by the national regulatory body for any purpose in connection with the requirements, recommendations and principles (3.34), criteria (3.11) and indicators (3.27) in this International StandardSOURCE: ISO 16883:2007, 3.1, modified The word “national” has been

45、 added to term, “any” has been changed to “applicable”, “by the national regulatory body” has been added and “regulations specified” has been changed to “requirements, recommendations and principles, criteria and indicators”.3.10co-productany of two or more products (3.37) coming from the same unit

46、process (3.51) or product system (3.38)SOURCE: ISO 14040:2006, 3.103.11criterionrequirement that describes what is to be assessedNote 1 to entry: A criterion adds meaning and operability to a principle (3.34) without itself being a direct measure of performance.2 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 1

47、3065:2015ISO 13065:2015(E)Note 2 to entry: A criterion is characterized by a set of related indicators (3.27).3.12direct effectsmeasurable environmental, social and economic effects under the direct control of the economic operator (3.13) and caused by the process (3.36) being analysedNote 1 to entr

48、y: Activities under direct control are defined as activities conducted by or subcontracted by the economic operator.Note 2 to entry: Subcontracted activities are activities undertaken by a subcontractor, being an organization (3.33) that undertakes aspects of the processing, handling, storage, trans

49、port or distribution of the products (3,37), co-products (3.10) or waste (3.52) on behalf of the economic operator (3.13), on a contractual basis, either paid or non-paid.Note 3 to entry: Direct effects within the scope of this International Standard are considered under the criteria (3.11) and indicators (3.27) in Clause 5.Note 4 to entry: Processes (3.36) inside the defined system boundaries (3.50) are included based on International Standards (e.g. ISO 14040 and 14044) even if they are outside the direct control of the econ