BS EN 61400-3-2009 Wind turbines — nPart 3 Design requirements for offshore nwind turbines《风力涡轮机 第3部分 海上风力涡轮机的设计要求》.pdf

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1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI British StandardsWB9423_BSI_StandardColCov_noK_AW:BSI FRONT COVERS 5/9/08 12:55 Page 1Wind turbines Part 3: Design requirements for offshore wind turbinesBS EN 61400-3:2009National forewordThis Briti

2、sh Standard is the UK implementation of EN 61400-3:2009. It isidentical to IEC 61400-3:2009.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical CommitteePEL/88, Wind turbines, to Panel PEL/88/-/3, Designs of offshore turbines (WG 3).A list of organizations represented on this committe

3、e can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of acontract. Users are responsible for its correct application. BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 60156 9ICS 27.180Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligati

4、ons.This British Standard was published under the authority of the StandardsPolicy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2009Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 61400-3:2009EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 61400-3 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM April 2009 CENELEC Euro

5、pean Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels 2009 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for

6、CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 61400-3:2009 E ICS 27.180 English version Wind turbines - Part 3: Design requirements for offshore wind turbines (IEC 61400-3:2009) Eoliennes - Partie 3: Exigences de conception des oliennes en pleine mer (CEI 61400-3:2009) Windenergieanlagen - Teil 3: Auslegungsanforder

7、ungen fr Windenergieanlagen auf offener See (IEC 61400-3:2009) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2009-04-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standar

8、d without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other

9、language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic

10、, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 61400-3:2009EN 61400-3:2009 2 Foreword The te

11、xt of document 88/329/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 61400-3, prepared by IEC TC 88, Wind turbines, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 61400-3 on 2009-04-01. This European Standard is to be read in conjunction with EN 61400-1:2005. The following dates wer

12、e fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2010-01-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2012-04-01 Annex ZA has been added by CENELE

13、C. _ Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 61400-3:2009 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated: IEC 60034 NOTE Harmonized in EN 60034

14、series (partially modified). IEC 60038 NOTE Harmonized as HD 472 S1:1989 (modified), with the following title “Nominal voltages for low-voltage public electricity supply systems”. IEC 60146 NOTE Harmonized in EN 60146 series (not modified). IEC 60204-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60204-1:2006 (modified).

15、IEC 60204-11 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60204-11:2000 (not modified). IEC 60227 NOTE Is related to HD 21 series (not equivalent). IEC 60245 NOTE Is related to HD 22 series (not equivalent). IEC 60269 NOTE Harmonized in EN 60269 series (modified). IEC 60364 NOTE Harmonized in HD 384/HD 60364 series (modif

16、ied). IEC 60439 NOTE Harmonized in EN 60439 series (partially modified). IEC 60446 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60446:1999 (not modified). IEC 60529 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60529:1991 (not modified). IEC 61000-6-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61000-6-1:2007 (not modified). IEC 61000-6-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61000-

17、6-2:2005 (not modified). IEC 61000-6-4 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61000-6-4:2007 (not modified). IEC 61310-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61310-1:1995 (not modified). IEC 61310-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61310-2:1995 (not modified). IEC 61400-21 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61400-21:2002 (not modified). _ BS EN 61400-3:2

18、009 3 EN 61400-3:2009 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated re

19、ferences, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies. Publication Year Title EN/HD Year IEC 60721-2-1 + A1 1982 1987 Classification

20、of environmental conditions - Part 2-1: Environmental conditions appearing in nature - Temperature and humidity HD 478.2.1 S11989 IEC 61400-1 2005 Wind turbines - Part 1: Design requirements EN 61400-1 2005 IEC 62305-3 (mod) 2006 Protection against lightning - Part 3: Physical damage to structures a

21、nd life hazard EN 62305-3 + corr. September + A11 2006 2008 2009 IEC 62305-4 2006 Protection against lightning - Part 4: Electrical and electronic systems within structures EN 62305-4 + corr. November 2006 2006 ISO 2394 1998 General principles on reliability for structures - - ISO 2533 1975 Standard

22、 atmosphere - - ISO 9001 2000 Quality management systems - Requirements EN ISO 9001 2000 ISO 19900 2002 Petroleum and natural gas industries - General requirements for offshore structures EN ISO 19900 2002 ISO 19901-1 2005 Petroleum and natural gas industries - Specific requirements for offshore str

23、uctures - Part 1: Metocean design and operating considerations EN ISO 19901-1 2005 ISO 19901-4 2003 Petroleum and natural gas industries - Specific requirements for offshore structures - Part 4: Geotechnical and foundation design considerations EN ISO 19901-4 2003 ISO 19902 - 1)Petroleum and natural

24、 gas industries - Fixed steel offshore structures EN ISO 19902 2007 2)ISO 19903 2006 Petroleum and natural gas industries - Fixed concrete offshore structures EN ISO 19903 2006 1)Undated reference. 2) Valid edition at date of issue. BS EN 61400-3:2009 4 61400-3 IEC:2009 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION.7 1 Sco

25、pe.8 2 Normative references8 3 Terms and definitions .9 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms 15 4.1 Symbols and units .15 4.2 Abbreviations.16 5 Principal elements 17 5.1 General .17 5.2 Design methods.17 5.3 Safety classes .19 5.4 Quality assurance19 5.5 Rotor nacelle assembly markings20 6 External cond

26、itions .20 6.1 General .20 6.2 Wind turbine classes .21 6.3 Wind conditions.21 6.4 Marine conditions 22 6.5 Other environmental conditions31 6.6 Electrical power network conditions32 7 Structural design.33 7.1 General .33 7.2 Design methodology 33 7.3 Loads 33 7.4 Design situations and load cases .3

27、4 7.5 Load and load effect calculations .51 7.6 Ultimate limit state analysis54 8 Control and protection system.57 9 Mechanical systems57 10 Electrical system.58 11 Foundation design 58 12 Assessment of the external conditions at an offshore wind turbine site 59 12.1 General 59 12.2 The metocean dat

28、abase59 12.3 Assessment of wind conditions60 12.4 Assessment of waves .62 12.5 Assessment of currents.63 12.6 Assessment of water level, tides and storm surges63 12.7 Assessment of sea ice 63 12.8 Assessment of marine growth .64 12.9 Assessment of seabed movement and scour.64 12.10 Assessment of wak

29、e effects from neighbouring wind turbines65 12.11 Assessment of other environmental conditions 65 BS EN 61400-3:200961400-3 IEC:2009 5 12.12 Assessment of earthquake conditions .65 12.13 Assessment of weather windows and weather downtime65 12.14 Assessment of electrical network conditions65 12.15 As

30、sessment of soil conditions .66 13 Assembly, installation and erection .67 13.1 General 67 13.2 Planning .68 13.3 Installation conditions68 13.4 Site access .68 13.5 Environmental conditions 68 13.6 Documentation69 13.7 Receiving, handling and storage69 13.8 Foundation/anchor systems.69 13.9 Assembl

31、y of offshore wind turbine.69 13.10 Erection of offshore wind turbine .69 13.11 Fasteners and attachments.69 13.12 Cranes, hoists and lifting equipment70 14 Commissioning, operation and maintenance .70 14.1 General .70 14.2 Design requirements for safe operation, inspection and maintenance.70 14.3 I

32、nstructions concerning commissioning 71 14.4 Operators instruction manual 72 14.5 Maintenance manual74 Annex A (informative) Key design parameters for an offshore wind turbine76 Annex B (informative) Wave spectrum formulations79 Annex C (informative) Shallow water hydrodynamics and breaking waves .8

33、4 Annex D (informative) Guidance on calculation of hydrodynamic loads92 Annex E (informative) Recommendations for design of offshore wind turbine support structures with respect to ice loads105 Annex F (informative) Offshore wind turbine foundation design.116 Annex G (informative) Statistical extrap

34、olation of operational metocean parameters for ultimate strength analysis117 Annex H (informative) Corrosion protection 123 Bibliography127 Figure 1 Parts of an offshore wind turbine.10 Figure 2 Design process for an offshore wind turbine19 Figure 3 Definition of water levels.29 Figure 4 The two app

35、roaches to calculate the design load effect.55 Figure B.1 PM spectrum .80 Figure B.2 Jonswap and PM spectrums for typical North Sea storm sea state .81 Figure C.1 Regular wave theory selection diagram84 Figure D.1 Breaking wave and cylinder parameters.96 Figure D.2 Oblique inflow parameters.96 Figur

36、e D.3 Distribution over height of the maximum impact line force ( = 0)98 BS EN 61400-3:2009 6 61400-3 IEC:2009 Figure D.4 Response of model and full-scale cylinder in-line and cross-flow (from reference document 4) 100 Figure E.1 Ice force coefficients for plastic limit analysis (from reference docu

37、ment 6) 110 Figure E.2 Serrated load profile (T0,1= 1/fNor 1/fb) 113 Figure G.1 Example of the construction of the 50-year environmental contour for a 3-hour sea state duration. 118 Table 1 Design load cases .36 Table 2 Design load cases for sea ice 50 Table 3 Partial safety factors for loads f56 Ta

38、ble 4 Conversion between extreme wind speeds of different averaging periods .61 Table C.1 Constants h1and h2and normalised wave heights hx%as a function of Htr87 Table C.2 Breaking wave type 90 BS EN 61400-3:200961400-3 IEC:2009 7 INTRODUCTION This part of IEC 61400 outlines minimum design requireme

39、nts for offshore wind turbines and is not intended for use as a complete design specification or instruction manual. Several different parties may be responsible for undertaking the various elements of the design, manufacture, assembly, installation, erection, commissioning, operation and maintenanc

40、e of an offshore wind turbine and for ensuring that the requirements of this standard are met. The division of responsibility between these parties is a contractual matter and is outside the scope of this standard. Any of the requirements of this standard may be altered if it can be suitably demonst

41、rated that the safety of the system is not compromised. Compliance with this standard does not relieve any person, organization, or corporation from the responsibility of observing other applicable regulations. BS EN 61400-3:2009 8 61400-3 IEC:2009 WIND TURBINES Part 3: Design requirements for offsh

42、ore wind turbines 1 Scope This part of IEC 61400 specifies additional requirements for assessment of the external conditions at an offshore wind turbine site and it specifies essential design requirements to ensure the engineering integrity of offshore wind turbines. Its purpose is to provide an app

43、ropriate level of protection against damage from all hazards during the planned lifetime. This standard focuses on the engineering integrity of the structural components of an offshore wind turbine but is also concerned with subsystems such as control and protection mechanisms, internal electrical s

44、ystems and mechanical systems. A wind turbine shall be considered as an offshore wind turbine if the support structure is subject to hydrodynamic loading. The design requirements specified in this standard are not necessarily sufficient to ensure the engineering integrity of floating offshore wind t

45、urbines. This standard should be used together with the appropriate IEC and ISO standards mentioned in Clause 2. In particular, this standard is fully consistent with the requirements of IEC 61400-1. The safety level of the offshore wind turbine designed according to this standard shall be at or exc

46、eed the level inherent in IEC 61400-1. In some clauses, where a comprehensive statement of requirements aids clarity, replication of text from IEC 61400-1 is included. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated referenc

47、es, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60721-2-1:1982, Classification of environmental conditions Part 2-1: Environmental conditions appearing in nature. Temperature and humidity Amendment 1:19

48、87 IEC 61400-1:2005, Wind turbines Part 1: Design requirements IEC 62305-3:2006, Protection against lightning Part 3: Physical damage to structures and life hazard IEC 62305-4:2006, Protection against lightning Part 4: Electrical and electronic systems within structures ISO 2394:1998, General princi

49、ples on reliability for structures ISO 2533:1975, Standard Atmosphere ISO 9001:2000, Quality management systems Requirements ISO 19900:2002, Petroleum and natural gas industries General requirements for offshore structures BS EN 61400-3:200961400-3 IEC:2009 9 ISO 19901-1:2005, Petroleum and natural gas industries Specific requirements for offshore structures Part 1: Metocean design and operating conditions ISO 19901-4:2