BS EN 15433-6-2016 Transportation loads Measurement and evaluation of dynamic-mechanical loads Automatic recording systems for measuring randomly occurring shock during monitoring .pdf

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1、BS EN 15433-6:2016Transportation loads Measurement and evaluationof dynamic-mechanical loadsPart 6: Automatic recording systems formeasuring randomly occurring shock duringmonitoring of transportsBSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS EN 15433-6:2016 BRIT

2、ISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 15433-6:2016. It supersedes BS EN 15433-6:2007 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PKW/0, Packaging.A list of organizations represented on this committee can

3、be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 92699 0 ICS 55.180.01 Compl

4、iance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 August 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS EN 15433-6:2016EUROPEAN ST

5、ANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 15433-6 July 2016 ICS 55.180.01 Supersedes EN 15433-6:2007English Version Transportation loads - Measurement and evaluation of dynamic-mechanical loads - Part 6: Automatic recording systems for measuring randomly occurring shock during monitoring of transpor

6、ts Charges de transport - Mesurage et analyse des charges mcaniques dynamiques - Partie 6 : Systmes denregistrement automatiques pour la mesure de choc alatoire intervenant durant le suivi de transports Transportbelastungen - Messen und Auswerten von mechanisch-dynamischen Belastungen - Teil 6: Tran

7、sportberwachung mit automatischen Aufzeichnungsgerten zur Messung stochastisch auftretender Ste This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 June 2016. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the s

8、tatus of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French,

9、 German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cr

10、oatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and

11、 United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No

12、. EN 15433-6:2016 EBS EN 15433-6:2016EN 15433-6:2016 (E) 2 Contents PageEuropean foreword . 3 Introduction 4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions . 5 4 Requirements for automatic recording devices 7 4.1 Accelerometers 7 4.2 Signal processing . 8 4.3 Recordings . 8 4.3.1 Recordi

13、ng mode “event” . 8 Figure 1 Shock event . 9 4.3.2 Recording mode “plotter” . 10 4.4 Storage modes . 10 4.5 Time code 10 4.6 Power supply . 11 4.7 Operating and display elements . 11 4.8 Measuring range . 11 4.9 Error limits . 12 4.10 Saving of data . 12 4.11 Evidence of calibration . 12 4.12 Enviro

14、nmental conditions 12 5 Preparation for deployment 13 5.1 Mounting . 13 5.2 Setting values . 13 6 Analysis 14 Annex A (informative) Example set-up of shock recording equipment 16 Table A.1 Example set-up of a shock recording equipment . 16 BS EN 15433-6:2016 EN 15433-6:2016 (E) 3 European foreword T

15、his document (EN 15433-6:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 261 “Packaging”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2

16、017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This docume

17、nt supersedes EN 15433-6:2007. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Rep

18、ublic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 15433-6:2016EN 15433-6:2016 (E) 4 Introduction Thi

19、s standard becomes significant when related to the realization of the European Directive on Packaging and Packaging Waste (Directive 94/62 EC, 20th December 1994), as amended by the Directive 2005/20/EC of 9th March 2005. This directive specifies requirements on the avoidance or reduction of packagi

20、ng waste, and requires that the amount of packaging material is adjusted to the expected transportation load, in order to protect the transportation item adequately. However, this presumes some knowledge of the transportation loads occurring during shipment. At present, basic standards, based on sci

21、entifically confirmed values, which can adequately describe and characterize the magnitudes of transportation loads, especially in the domain of dynamic mechanical loads do not exist nationally or internationally. Reasons for this are mainly the absence of published data, insufficient description of

22、 the measurements or restrictions on the dissemination of this information. This standard will enable the measurement and analysis of dynamic mechanical transportation loads, thus enabling the achievement of standardized and adequately documented load values. This series of standards consists of the

23、 following parts: Part 1: General requirements; Part 2: Data acquisition and general requirements for measuring equipment; Part 3: Data validity check and data editing for evaluation; Part 4: Data evaluation; Part 5: Derivation of Test Specifications; Part 6: Automatic recording systems for measurin

24、g randomly occurring shock during monitoring of transports. This standard defines requirements that should be observed when automatic recording systems are being used for the purpose of a transportation survey. In this, it deviates from the characteristics of the other parts of the series, as in thi

25、s case the prime concern is not the need for scientifically based and generally applicable data, which are to be used for standardization purposes, but to assist users of “shock recorders“. Such automatic and computer-based recording systems have gone through remarkable developments, particularly in

26、 relation to their storage capacity and analysis capability. This, together with falling prices, has meant they are increasingly used for surveying specific transportations, especially inside packing. In general they do not reach the efficiency of a measuring chain such as used for test drives, espe

27、cially in view of the storage capacity needed to measure unfiltered dynamic data during transportation. BS EN 15433-6:2016 EN 15433-6:2016 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the technical and functional properties of automatic recording equipment used to determine randomly appearing shoc

28、ks during transportation. Such automatic recording equipment can be used to: determine mechanical shock loads on individual transportations; monitor the transportation means to observe the limits of the shock parameters; determine the shock loads on the transported item. This standard defines the se

29、nsors to be attached to the device, and specifies the minimum requirements for the parameters to be adjusted. It also defines the minimum requirements for the data analysis, as well as the data presentation. This standard covers the complete recording equipment, including its accelerometers and the

30、data analysis in an external data processing unit. The accelerometers can be integrated into the device or separately mounted from it (external sensors). This standard also applies to the routine monitoring of individual transportations 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in

31、part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13011, Transportation services - Good transp

32、ort chains - System for declaration of performance conditions EN 15433-2, Transportation loads - Measurement and evaluation of dynamic mechanical loads - Part 2: Data acquisition and general requirements for measuring equipment EN 61000-6-1, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 6-1: Generic st

33、andards - Immunity for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments EN 61000-6-3, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 6-3: Generic standards - Emission standard for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments EN 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (I

34、P Code) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply 3.1 sensor axes x, y, z three Cartesian spatial axes that lie parallel to the measuring directions of the accelerometer 3.2 peak acceleration value greatest positive or negative acceleration

35、occurring during a shock event in a spatial axis or in a spatial vector: Rnull,nullnullnull aaaazyx,BS EN 15433-6:2016EN 15433-6:2016 (E) 6 3.3 main axis xyz (max.) spatial axis that shows the biggest peak acceleration value Note 1 to entry: Correspondingly axyz(max)is the temporal course of the acc

36、eleration of the main axis and a xyz( max )is the peak acceleration of the main axis.3.4 value of the spatial vector aRacceleration value of a randomly oriented spatial acceleration vector of a shock event aR= ax2+ ay2+ az2(1) 3.5 shock duration Tshocktime at which the value of the acceleration of t

37、he main axis is equal to or greater than 10 % of the peak acceleration value of this axis Note 1 to entry: See 4.3.1. 3.6 frequency limit of the device frequency at which the recorded signal level has dropped to a value of 1 2 compared to the mid-band frequency; this information is compulsory to ens

38、ure that measured values of different devices are comparable 3.7 threshold values magnitudes of the acquired measured values which when exceeded initiate the recording of an event: athreshold, Tshock(min)3.8 values to be set sum of all adjustments made to a recording equipment prior to a measuring e

39、vent (e.g. measuring range, frequency limit, threshold values, storing modes, time modes, recording type or mail box content) 3.9 mailbox device able to store data in an alphanumeric order, e.g. tracing program, order of transport, transport information, or mounting location of recording equipment 3

40、.10 data memory all data memory of a recording equipment in which measured and computed values as well as acquisition time span and set values are stored 3.11 acquisition time span continuous time span during which the recording equipment is active; the set values must be documented BS EN 15433-6:20

41、16 EN 15433-6:2016 (E) 7 Note 1 to entry: The beginning and end of an acquisition time span can be caused by switching on and off, set time modes, changing the set values, dropout of power supply, battery change, data evaluation or hardware errors. 3.12 time stamp date and time of an event, minimum

42、resolution in seconds 3.13 sampling rate number of digital measuring values produced for each time unit and for each sensor axis 3.14 GPS value location coordinates in the satellite-assisted Global Positioning System 3.15 tilt value static measured value indicating the position of the transported it

43、em in relation to the axis of the earth Note 1 to entry: The measured value can be indicated as an angle or an acceleration value. Any dynamic components caused by shocks or vibrations shall be filtered out. 3.16 shock intensity equivalent velocity change time integral over all measured acceleration

44、 values of one spatial axis or of the spatial vector within the shock duration TshockNote 1 to entry: See 4.3.1. 3.17 main shock direction indication of a spatial axis with the greatest shock amplitude Note 1 to entry: See 4.3.1. 4 Requirements for automatic recording devices 4.1 Accelerometers Auto

45、matic shock recording equipment shall be equipped with three accelerometers arranged in a system of Cartesian axes, in order to record the acceleration acting in any direction. Internal sensors are arranged inside the housing of the recording equipment. External sensors shall be connected to the rec

46、ording equipment by means of cables, such that no falsification of the measured values can occur. The sensor axes shall be parallel or perpendicular to the edge of the recorder housing or the external sensor. The positive directions of the sensor axes shall be uniquely defined by arrows as well as b

47、y the designations x, y, z. When connecting external sensors, care shall be taken that no exchange of the axes or the direction of the measurement can occur. BS EN 15433-6:2016EN 15433-6:2016 (E) 8 The requirements to the measuring range (see 4.8) and environmental conditions (see 4.12) shall be obs

48、erved. 4.2 Signal processing Acceleration sensors have low pass or band pass behaviour. Their signals can further be processed in fixed or adjustable filters. The frequency limit, its characteristic and its order shall be declared. The declaration shall apply to the complete measuring chain. The mea

49、suring range is defined by the greatest acceleration value processed, and shall be adjustable or adapted to a defined transportation load. The signal processing as well as storage occurs digitally. The sampling rate shall be mentioned. 4.3 Recordings 4.3.1 Recording mode “event” A random shock event occurs when the peak acceleration value in at least one spatial axis exceeds the set acceleration threshold value athresholdof that particular axis, and when the shock duration of that event is equal to or greater than the minimum shock duration Tshock (