BS EN 12953-1-2012 Shell boilers General《火管锅炉 总则》.pdf

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1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 12953-1:2012Shell boilersPart 1: GeneralBS EN 12953-1:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 12953-1:2012. It supersedes

2、 BS EN 12953-1:2002 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PVE/2, Water Tube And Shell Boilers.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all t

3、he necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2012ISBN 978 0 580 70579 3 ICS 23.020.01; 27.060.30 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Th

4、is British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS EN 12953-1:2012EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12953-1 March 2012 ICS 27.060.30 Supersedes EN 1

5、2953-1:2002English Version Shell boilers - Part 1: General Chaudires tubes de fume - Partie 1: Gnralits Growasserraumkessel - Teil 1: Allgemeines This European Standard was approved by CEN on 7 January 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate th

6、e conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard

7、 exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the nationa

8、l standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerlan

9、d, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. N

10、o. EN 12953-1:2012: EBS EN 12953-1:2012EN 12953-1:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword . 31 Scope 52 Normative references 63 Terms and definitions . 64 Interdependency of the Parts of the series 125 Symbols and abbreviations 126 Responsibilities . 17Annex A (informative) Information to be supplied by t

11、he purchaser to the manufacturer . 19Annex B (informative) Vocabulary for shell boiler . 21Annex C (informative) Vocabulary on typical components of a shell boiler 29Annex D (informative) Significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous edition . 33Annex ZA (informative)

12、 Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 97/23/EC 34Bibliography 35BS EN 12953-1:2012EN 12953-1:2012 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12953-1:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 269 “Shell and water-tube boilers”, the secretariat o

13、f which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2012. Attention is drawn to

14、 the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 12953-1:2002. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by t

15、he European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. Annex D provides details of significant technical changes between this

16、European Standard and the previous edition. The European Standard EN 12953 concerning shell boilers consists of the following parts: Part 1: General; Part 2: Materials for pressure parts of boilers and accessories; Part 3: Design and calculation for pressure parts; Part 4: Workmanship and constructi

17、on of pressure parts of the boiler; Part 5: Inspection during construction, documentation and marking of pressure parts of the boiler; Part 6: Requirements for equipment for the boiler; Part 7: Requirements for firing systems for liquid and gaseous fuels for the boiler; Part 8: Requirements for safe

18、guards against excessive pressure; Part 9: Requirements for limiting devices of the boiler and accessories; Part 10: Requirements for feedwater and boiler water quality; Part 11: Acceptance tests; Part 12: Requirements for grate firing systems for solid fuels for the boiler; Part 13: Operating instr

19、uctions; CR 12953 Part 14: Guideline for involvement of an inspection body independent of the manufacturer. Although these parts may be obtained separately, it should be recognized that the parts are interdependent. As such, the design and manufacture of shell boilers requires the application of mor

20、e than one part in order for the requirements of the European Standard to be satisfactorily fulfilled. For any questions arising when using these standards the Boiler Helpdesk of CEN/TC 269 may be contacted: http:/www.boiler-helpdesk.din.de BS EN 12953-1:2012EN 12953-1:2012 (E) 4 According to the CE

21、N/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Li

22、thuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 12953-1:2012EN 12953-1:2012 (E) 5 1 Scope 1.1 General This European Standard applies to shell boilers with volumes in excess of 2 litres fo

23、r the generation of steam and/or hot water at a maximum allowable pressure greater than 0,5 bar and with a temperature in excess of 110 C. The purpose of this European Standard is to ensure that the hazards associated with the operation of shell boilers are reduced to a minimum and that adequate pro

24、tection is provided to contain the hazards that still prevail when the shell boiler is put into service. This protection will be achieved by the proper application of the design, manufacturing, testing and inspection methods and techniques incorporated in the various parts of this European Standard.

25、 Where appropriate, adequate warning of residual hazards and the potential for misuse are given in the training and operating instructions and local to the equipment concerned (see EN 12953-7 and EN 12953-8). It is the manufacturers responsibility, in addition to complying with the requirements of t

26、his standard, to take into consideration special measures which could be necessary in order to achieve by manufacturing the required level of safety in accordance with the EU Directive 97/23/EC (PED). NOTE 1 Further requirements relating to operating instructions in EN 12953-13 and to hazard analysi

27、s in CEN/TS 764-6 should be taken into consideration. This European Standard specifies requirements for both directly fired and electrically heated boilers including Low Pressure Boilers (LPB, see 3.6) as well as for heat recovery boilers with a gas-side pressure not exceeding 0,5 bar of cylindrical

28、 design, constructed from carbon or carbon manganese steels by fusion welding and a design pressure not exceeding 40 bar. The boilers covered by this European Standard are intended for land use for providing steam or hot water (typical examples are shown in Figures 1 to 6). For Low Pressure Boilers

29、(LPB) less stringent requirements concerning design and calculation are acceptable. Details are defined in the respective clauses. NOTE 2 For boilers operating at a pressure on the gas-side greater than 0,5 bar the rules of this standard equally apply. However, it is generally considered that additi

30、onal design analysis, inspection and testing may be necessary. Where a particular boiler is a combination of shell and water-tube design then the water-tube standard series EN 12952 is used in addition to this European Standard. One such example of this combination is shown in Figure 3. This Europea

31、n Standard applies to the generator, from the feed-water or water inlet connection to the steam or water outlet connection and to all other connections, including the valves and steam and water fittings. If welded ends are used, the requirements specified herein begin or end at the weld where flange

32、s, if used, would have been fitted. 1.2 Exclusions This European standard does not apply to the following types of boilers and equipments: a) water-tube boilers; b) non stationary boilers, e.g. locomotive boilers; c) thermal oil boilers; d) boilers where the main pressure housing is made of cast mat

33、erial. e) pumps, gaskets, etc. BS EN 12953-1:2012EN 12953-1:2012 (E) 6 f) brickwork setting and insulation, etc. NOTE Stainless steel boilers are covered by EN 14222. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensabl

34、e for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12953-3:2002, Shell boilers Part 3: Design and calculation for pressure parts EN 12953-10:2003, Shell boilers Part

35、 10: Requirements for feedwater and boiler water quality EN 12953-13:2012, Shell boilers Part 13: Operating instructions CR 12953-14:2002, Shell boilers Part 14: Guideline for involvement of an inspection body independent of the manufacturer 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document,

36、 the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 purchaser individual or organization that buys the boiler or part thereof from the manufacturer 3.2 manufacturer individual or organisation that is responsible for the design, fabrication, testing, inspection, installation of pressure equipment and ass

37、emblies where relevant SOURCE: EN 764-3:2002 Note 1 to entry: The manufacturer can subcontract one or more of the above mentioned tasks under its responsibility (for example, designer, installer, etc.). 3.3 material supplier individual or organisation, that may or may not be the material manufacture

38、r, who supplies material or parts used in the manufacture of pressure equipment and assemblies SOURCE: EN 764-3:2002 Note 1 to entry: A material supplier may be a stockist. 3.4 material manufacturer individual or organisation that produces material in the basic product forms used in the manufacture

39、of pressure equipment SOURCE: EN 764-3:2002 BS EN 12953-1:2012EN 12953-1:2012 (E) 7 3.5 installer individual or organisation that carries out the assembly of the pressure equipment at the location where it is to be put into service Note 1 to entry: Depending on the contractual circumstances, the ins

40、taller may be considered as the manufacturer of the assembly. 3.6 low pressure boilers (LPB) steam boilers with a maximum saturation temperature of 120 C (this corresponds to a pressure of 1 bar gauge) or hot water boilers with a maximum outlet temperature of 120 C and a maximum allowable pressure o

41、f 10 bar gauge Note 1 to entry: The manufacturer may have the option of using this harmonised European Standard or alternatively EN 14394 for low pressure boilers which are to be used as hot water heating boilers. 3.7 shell boiler closed vessel containing water in which flames and/or hot gases pass

42、through the inside of tubes located within the shell which forms part of an assembly Note 1 to entry: This is opposed to water-tube boiler where the water is inside the tubes and flue gas is outside the tubes. Note 2 to entry: Figures 1 to 6 are typical configurations and examples of shell boilers.

43、Other configurations are also permissible (e.g. vertical shell). Note 3 to entry: Informative Annex C gives translations of some typical components of a shell boiler. BS EN 12953-1:2012EN 12953-1:2012 (E) 8 Key 1) cylindrical shell 2) furnace tube (1stpass): for example plain or corrugated or with b

44、owling hoops 3) front tube plate (or front plate depending on the configuration) 4) rear plate (or rear tube plate depending on the configuration) 5) smoke tube(s) (2ndpass/3rdpass) (maybe with stay tubes or bar stays) 6) wrapper plate (shell of reversal chamber) 7) reversal chamber tube plate 8) we

45、t back rear plate 12) lifting lugs 13) gusset stays 14) branches 15) supports 16) inspection opening NOTE The main pressure-bearing parts are the parts, which constitute the envelope under pressure, and the parts which are essential for the integrity of the boiler. Figure 1 Typical components of a s

46、hell boiler BS EN 12953-1:2012EN 12953-1:2012 (E) 9 a) two pass boiler b) three pass boiler Key 1) cylindrical shell 2) furnace tube (1stpass): for example plain or corrugated or with bowling hoops 3) front tube plate (or front plate depending on the configuration) 4) rear plate (or rear tube plate

47、depending on the configuration) 5) smoke tube(s) (2ndpass/3rdpass) (maybe with stay tubes or bar stays) 6) wrapper plate (shell of reversal chamber) 7) reversal chamber tube plate 8) wet back rear plate NOTE The effective radiant heating surface comprises the furnace tube and the surface of the reve

48、rsal chamber, where applicable. Figure 2 Wet back boiler with internal reversal chamber a) two pass boiler b) three pass boiler Key 1) cylindrical shell 2) furnace tube (1stpass): for example plain or corrugated or with bowling hoops 3) front tube plate (or front plate depending on the configuration

49、) 4) rear plate (or rear tube plate depending on the configuration) 5) smoke tube(s) (2ndpass/3rdpass) (maybe with stay tubes or bar stays) 9) header 10) membrane wall NOTE The effective radiant heating surface comprises the furnace tube and complete surface of the reversal chamber. Figure 3 Wet back boiler with external reversal chamber BS EN 12953-1:2012EN 12953-1:2012 (E) 10 a) two pass boiler b) three pass boiler Key 1) cylindrical shell 2) furnace tube (1stpass): for examp