BS 7273-1-2006 Code of practice for the noperation of fire nprotection measures nPart 1 Electrical actuation of gaseous ntotal flooding extinguishing systems.pdf

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1、BS 7273-1:2006Code of practice for the operation of fire protection measures Part 1: Electrical actuation of gaseous total flooding extinguishing systemsICS 13.220.20NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDIncorporatingAmendment No. 1Publishing and copyr

2、ight informationThe BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard:Committee reference FSH/12/4Draft for comment 05/30136553 DCPublication historyFirst edition, July 1990Second edition, Apr

3、il 2000Third (present) edition, July 2006Amendments issued since publicationBS 7273-1:2006ISBN 978 0 580 60870 4BSI 2008Amd. no. Date Text affectedAmendment No. 131 January 2008 See foreword iBS 7273-1:2006ContentsForeword ii1 Scope 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions 14 System design 2

4、5 Fire detection 46 Control and indicating equipment 67 Controls and indications 68 Power supplies, cables and wiring 89 Commissioning and handover 9AnnexesAnnex A (informative) Typical sequence of actions 10List of figuresFigure A.1 Diagrammatic representation of a typical sequence of actions leadi

5、ng to the release of fire extinguishing gas 10Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iii, pages 1 to 10, an inside back cover and a back cover. BSI 2008ii BS 7273-1:2006ForewordPublishing informationThis part of BS 7273 was published by BSI and came

6、into effect on 28 July 2006. It was prepared by Subcommittee FSH/12/4, Automatic operation of fire protection, under the authority of Technical Committee FSH/12, Fire detection and alarm systems. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Supers

7、essionThis part of BS 7273 supersedes BS 7273-1:2000, which is withdrawn.Relationship with other publicationsBS 7273 is published in a series of parts:Part 1: Electrical actuation of gaseous total flooding extinguishing systems;Part 2: Mechanical actuation of gaseous total flooding and local applica

8、tion extinguishing systems;Part 3: Electrical actuation of pre-action sprinkler systems.Further parts of this standard either planned or in preparation will deal with the automatic closing (or opening) of fire doors, fire shutters, etc.Information about this documentThis is a full revision of BS 727

9、3-1. The principal changes from the previous edition are as follows.Recommendations relating to control and indicating equipment have been removed. Reference is now made to BS EN 12094-1 and BS EN 54.Reference is made to BS ISO 14520.The recommendations relating to detector type and number needed fo

10、r coincidence have been clarified.Attention is drawn to Annex A, which gives a simple diagrammatic representation of a typical sequence of actions leading to the release of fire extinguishing gas.Use of this documentAs a code of practice, this part of BS 7273 takes the form of guidance and recommend

11、ations. It should not be quoted as if it were a specification and particular care should be taken to ensure that claims of compliance are not misleading.Any user claiming compliance with this British Standard is expected to be able to justify any course of action that deviates from its recommendatio

12、ns.The start and finish of text introduced or altered by Amendment No. 1 is indicated in the text by tags !“. BSI 2008iiiBS 7273-1:2006stations. In such cases it is essential to avoid the risk of accidental discharge due to the electromagnetic field radiated by such apparatus. Specialist advice shou

13、ld be sought where necessary.Presentational conventionsThe provisions in this standard are presented in roman (i.e. upright) type. Its recommendations are expressed in sentences in which the principal auxiliary verb is “should”.Commentary, explanation and general informative material is presented in

14、 smaller italic type, and does not constitute a normative element.Contractual and legal considerationsThis publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity f

15、rom legal obligations.Hazard warningsCAUTION. Certain electromagnetic fields, such as those generated by radio transmitters, have been known to trigger electrically actuated gas release facilities or cause gaseous extinguishing systems to malfunction. Particular problems can occur if the system is i

16、nstalled in high field strengths such as at or near airports or radar transmitter BSI 2008iv This page deliberately left blankBS 7273-1:2006 BSI 20081BS 7273-1:20061 ScopeThis part of BS 7273 gives recommendations for the design, installation and commissioning of electrical equipment for the actuati

17、on of gaseous total flooding fire extinguishing systems. It covers the interface between fire detection and fire alarm systems (see BS 5839-1) and gaseous total flooding fire extinguishing systems (see BS 5306 and BS ISO 14520) and is also applicable to fire protection systems for electronic equipme

18、nt installations (see BS 6266).NOTE Whilst the recommendations are applicable mainly to total flooding systems they may also be used for local application systems.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, on

19、ly the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. BS 5306-4, Fire extinguishing installations and equipment on premises Part 4: Specification for carbon dioxide systemsBS 5839-1:2002, Fire detection and fire alarm

20、systems for buildings Part 1: Code of practice for design, installation, commissioning, and maintenanceBS 6266, Code of practice for fire protection for electronic equipment installationsBS EN 54-2, Fire detection and fire alarm systems Part 2: Control and indicating equipmentBS EN 54-4, Fire detect

21、ion and fire alarm systems Part 4: Power supply equipmentBS EN 12094-1, Fixed firefighting systems Components for gas extinguishing systems Part 1: Requirements and test methods for electrical automatic control and delay devicesBS EN 12094-3, Fixed firefighting systems Components for gas extinguishi

22、ng systems Part 3: Requirements and test methods for manual triggering and stop devicesBS ISO 14520 (all parts), Gaseous fire-extinguishing systems3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this part of BS 7273 the terms and definitions given in BS 5839-1, BS EN 12094-1 and the following apply.3.1 a

23、utomatic/manual and manual only mode switchmeans of converting the system from automatic and manual to manual only actuationNOTE This can be in the form of a manual switch on the e.c.d. or other units, or a personnel door interlock; in all cases, this changes the actuation mode of the system from au

24、tomatic and manual to manual only or vice versa. BSI 20082 BS 7273-1:20063.2 automaticmode of operation in which the system can actuate without manual intervention3.3 coincidencearrangement designed so that an output is obtained only when at least two independent input triggering signals are present

25、 at the same timeNOTE For example, an output suitable for triggering a fire extinguishing system is obtained only after a detector has detected a fire, and at least one other independent detector covering the same protected space has confirmed the existence of fire.3.4 electrical automatic control a

26、nd delay device (e.c.d.)device that carries out all processing of the functions necessary for the electrical control of a fire extinguishing systemNOTE The e.c.d. can be either a separate device or part of the control and indicating equipment (c.i.e.) of an automatic fire detection and fire alarm sy

27、stem.3.5 manualmode of operation in which the system can actuate only with manual intervention3.6 protected spacespace protected by a fire extinguishing system3.7 stakeholderparty with an interest in the systemNOTE The interest might be:financial, e.g. owner or insurance company;as a customer (inter

28、nal or external);as an enforcing authority, e.g. building control officer, fire and rescue authority;in a professional capacity as an adviser to one of the parties, e.g. architect, fire engineer, building service engineer; orin a contractual capacity, e.g. a manufacturer, installer or maintainer of

29、equipment.4 System design4.1 GeneralThe requirements for the protected space(s) should be ascertained by the designer, by means of consultation with the relevant stakeholders.It is essential that, in the event of fire, a pre-planned and practised course of action is taken to ensure the safety of occ

30、upants and the effective operation of the fire extinguishing system. Such necessary actions should be discussed at the design stage and incorporated within the proposed system.The system design should conform to the appropriate provisions of:BS 5839-1, for fire detection and fire alarm;BS 5306-4 and

31、 BS ISO 14520, for gaseous fire extinguishing. BSI 20083BS 7273-1:2006On the basis of this consultation, the designer should prepare documents showing details of the design including, for example, a simple diagrammatic representation of a sequence of actions leading to the release of fire extinguish

32、ing gas (see Annex A for an example of a diagrammatic representation).4.2 Operation of the systemOperation of the system should follow a sequence leading to the release of fire extinguishing gas (for example, see Annex A). This sequence should normally encompass coincidence in order to avoid unwante

33、d discharges when in the automatic mode of operation.Operation of the first detector should result in at least an indication of fire at the c.i.e. and the sounding of the fire alarm system within the protected space (see Annex A).Confirmation of discharge of the fire extinguishing system (“released

34、condition”) should be indicated at the e.c.d. by means of a signal representing the flow of extinguishing gas. The method of deriving the signal should be a pressure or flow switch, located so as to indicate that discharge of gas has occurred from any storage container in the system. For example, in

35、 the case of a bank of containers the discharge of gas from any container into the central manifold should be indicated.Interruption of the connection between the c.i.e. and any part of the e.c.d. should not affect the operation of any fire detector or sounding of the fire alarm system throughout th

36、e protected space.4.3 Circuit design4.3.1 Fire detection and fire alarm system The fire detection and fire alarm system should be designed so that in the event of a single cable fault, at least a degraded form of detecting fire within the protected space remains and the system is still capable of at

37、 least manual discharge of the extinguishing gas.If the system is designed so that the maximum area of coverage per detector is generally X m2, the degraded level of detection should be such that those detectors that remain operational provide a maximum area of coverage of 2X m2per detector evenly d

38、istributed throughout the protected space. The degraded detection should meet at least the spacing and positioning recommendations given in BS 5839-1.The purpose of this degraded detection is to enable warning to be given to persons so that at least manual operation of the extinguishing system is po

39、ssible.This can be achieved by, for example, using two interleaved circuits or a single circuit provided that it is configured as a loop and has suitable short and open circuit protection. BSI 20084 BS 7273-1:20064.3.2 Connection to the fire extinguishing systemIf the means for transmission of signa

40、ls in either direction between the c.i.e. and the e.c.d. is via a non-exclusive circuit, e.g. part of a loop of an addressable system, the connections should be protected against a single cable fault (i.e. both short-circuit and open-circuit) on any part of the circuit, e.g. by the provision of shor

41、t circuit isolators.4.3.3 Circuits containing detectorsIf detector circuits are common to more than one protected space, the signal to initiate release of the fire extinguishing gas into a protected space where fire has been detected should not contribute to the release of extinguishing gas in anoth

42、er protected space whose detection system uses the same circuit(s).Manual call points should not in any way influence the release of fire extinguishing gas.5 Fire detection5.1 GeneralThe fire detection and fire alarm system should conform to the recommendations given in BS 5839-1:2002 for the approp

43、riate category of system (see Note), unless other standards are more applicable (e.g. BS 6266 for the protection of electronic equipment installations).NOTE Normally, the category of system will be Category P. However, there might be circumstances in which the fire extinguishing system is installed

44、for the purpose of protecting life, in which case a Category L system (e.g. Category L5) will be appropriate.5.2 Fire detection within the protected space5.2.1 GeneralThe detectors used to control the release of an automatic fire extinguishing system should operate in coincidence (see 5.2.2) unless

45、use of a single detector can be justified, for example:a) automatic actuation by the operation of a single detector is a requirement of a stakeholder; orb) the hazard is of such a nature that the delayed response associated with coincidence could be detrimental to life safety; orc) the area cannot b

46、e occupied (e.g. voids and control cabinets).In any event the probability of a false alarm or failure of a detector should be minimized.5.2.2 Coincidence 5.2.2.1 If it is intended that gaseous fire extinguishing systems are to be actuated by the operation of a fire detection and fire alarm system, e

47、very care should be taken to avoid the consequences of inadvertent discharges, which could be caused by false alarms in the detection system. Operation of automatic detectors in coincidence is one method of minimizing the possibility of false alarms. BSI 20085BS 7273-1:20065.2.2.2 Detection systems

48、that cannot individually address detectors should provide at least two independent detection circuits to each protected space.5.2.2.3 In detection systems that can address individual detectors, detectors operating in coincidence may be used on the same circuit, provided that each of the detectors tr

49、ansmits a signal by which it can be independently identified.5.2.2.4 The two independent input triggering signals required for coincidence should not be derived from the same detector. For example, signals from multiple thresholds of an aspirating smoke detector, or signals from two different elements of a multi-sensor detector, while they might be acceptable to actuate gas discharge in some situations (see 5.2.1), cannot be considered as coincidence.5.2.3 Type of detector usedThe selection of detectors should be in accordance with the recommendations given in BS