BS 3618-4-1971 Glossary of mining terms - Drainage《采掘术语 第4部分 排水》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS3618-4: 1971 Glossary of Mining terms Section 4: DrainageBS3618-4:1971 This BritishStandard, having been approved by the Mining andQuarrying Requisites Industry Standards Committee, was published under the authorityof the Executive Boardon 18February1971 BSI12-1999 First published

2、 May1963 First revision February1971 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference MQE/17 Draft for approval69/21050 ISBN 580 06108 6 Co-operating organizations The Mining and Quarrying Requisites Industry Standards Committee, under whose supervision this Brit

3、ishStandard was prepared, consists of representatives from the following Government department and scientific and industrial organizations: Association of Mining Electrical and Mechanical Engineers* British Electrical and Allied Manufacturers Association British Steel Industry Department of Trade an

4、d Industry* Engineering Equipment Users Association Federation of Associations of Mining Equipment Manufacturers Federation of Manufacturers of Construction Equipment and Cranes Institute of Quarrying Institution of Mechanical Engineers Institution of Mining Engineers* Mechanical Handling Engineers

5、Association National Coal Board* The Government department and industrial organizations marked with an asterisk in the above list, together with the following, were directly represented on the committee entrusted with the preparation of this BritishStandard: Institution of Mining and Metallurgy Univ

6、ersity of Birmingham University of London University of Nottingham Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBS3618-4:1971 BSI 12-1999 i Contents Page Co-operating organizations Inside front cover Foreword ii Glossary 1BS3618-4:1971 ii BSI 12-1999 Foreword This glossary has been prep

7、ared, under the authority of the Mining and Quarrying Requisites Industry Standards Committee, in order to standardize and to co-ordinate the technical terms in current use in mining in the UnitedKingdom. Although the majority of the terms defined in the original edition of this glossary were primar

8、ily concerned with coal mining, account has been taken of terms used in other forms of mining and of quarrying. The need for this glossary arose from the widely varying interpretation of terms used within the industry, and the prevalent use of more than one synonym, some purely local in origin, to i

9、ndicate specific meanings. The glossary has been issued in a number of sections, according to subject matter, as follows: Section1: Planning and surveying; Section2: Ventilation; Section3: Boring and exploration; Section4: Drainage; Section5: Geology; Section6: Drilling and blasting; Section7: Elect

10、rical engineering and lighting; Section8: Winning and working; Section9: Shafts and associated equipment; Section10: Transport; Section11: Strata control. In the normal process of periodical review of the BS3618 publications it was seen that a number of modifications and additions were desirable to

11、Section4, “Drainage”; therefore, since the previous edition was dated1963, it was decided to publish a revision incorporating these changes. In compiling the glossary account has been taken of the fact that terms primarily associated with coal are separately defined in BS3323, “Glossary of coal term

12、s”, and terms relating to coal preparation are defined in BS3552, “Glossary of terms used in coal preparation”. The following factors also have applied in the statement, selection and definition of terms: 1) Where two or more terms are grouped together, the term which is favoured is printed first an

13、d in heavy type. It is hoped that such preferred terms will gradually displace the non-preferred terms. The non-preferred terms of a group are printed in small capital letters. Where the use of any term is considered to be undesirable it is marked deprecated. 2) Generally, only terms which have a sp

14、ecific meaning in this field have been included. Where a technical term has an accepted meaning in other fields of engineering it has been omitted; the few exceptions are terms which are of particular importance in mining. 3) Purely local terms are not defined, but those of sufficient importance are

15、 included as non-preferred terms. 4) Obsolete terms are excluded. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity

16、 from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi andii, pages1 to5 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside

17、 front cover.BS3618-4:1971 BSI 12-1999 1 Glossary Term Definition adit A rising road affording an entrance to a mine, driven from the surface and primarily intended to facilitate natural dewatering of the workings. air displacement pump DISPLACEMENT PUMP, deprecated A pump consisting of a closed ves

18、sel from which water is expelled through a delivery valve and pipe by means of compressed air admitted to the top of the vessel. air lift pump A means of raising water by admitting compressed air near the lower end of a submerged pipe column, thus producing a mixture of air and water, in the pipe, o

19、f lower specific gravity than the standing water outside the pipe. Angus Smith compound A protective coating for valves, fittings and pipes used for underground work, composed of coal-tar, tallow, resin and quicklime. aquiclude See confining bed. aquifer A porous water-bearing stratum. automatic pum

20、p control The starting and stopping of a pump by a mechanism actuated by the level of water in the suction well or sump, or by the level or pressure of the water in a discharge tank. bailer 1. See water barrel. 2. See also Boring and exploration section. barrel See water barrel. bleed BLEEDER A smal

21、l feeder of water issuing either naturally from the strata, or from a range of pipes. bleeder See bleed. borehole pump Any pump which can operate in a borehole, either shaft-driven from the surface or electrically-driven by submersible electric motor. bulkhead A watertight dam containing some form o

22、f door or removable plate. by-pass valve A valve fitted in a pipe which provides a connection between the inlet and outlet of a piece of apparatus. cautionary zone A zone in which any unworked mineral lies within a specified distance from unconsolidated deposits or other sources of danger, particula

23、rly water. cement grouting See cementation. cementation CEMENT GROUTING Grouting by the injection of cement or cement-clay suspensions. centrifugal pump A form of pump in which water is drawn through the eye of a rotating impeller and discharged from its periphery into a chamber or series of passage

24、s of gradually increasing cross-section. The kinetic energy given to the water by its centrifugal discharge is thus largely converted to pressure energy. (See also turbine pump.) check valve See reflux valve. clack valve FLAP VALVE, deprecated A hinged valve. clay dam A stopping or dam, wherein the

25、seal against water is provided by puddled clay inserted between brick walls or wooden planks. column A length of pipe such as a shaft rising main, carrying water from the mine pumps to the surface.BS3618-4:1971 2 BSI 12-1999 Term Definition cone of depression The space enclosed between the water tab

26、le, at which water would stand naturally in the ground, and the position at which it in fact stands owing to drainage or pumping at some point in the vicinity. In the case of confined water under pressure, the cone of depression is the space between the undisturbed piezometric surface (q.v.) and the

27、 piezometric surface after pumping. confining bed AQUICLUDE An impervious stratum above and/or below an aquifer. connate water Inherent water contemporary with the rocks containing it, as opposed to water subsequently permeating the rocks. dam PLUG A seal constructed in a mine roadway to prevent or

28、control the entry of water into mine workings (cf. bulkhead). deep well pump Any kind of pump delivering from a well, shaft or borehole. delivery column See rising main. delivery drift OFF-TAKE DRIFT JACK-HEAD, deprecated A drift or adit connected to a shaft from a point on the surface at a lower le

29、vel than the shaft top and used as an outlet into which mine pumps discharge, so reducing the height through which the water must be lifted. delivery valve 1. Usually a valve at the outlet of a delivery pipe. 2. The sluice valve between a pump and its delivery pipe or delivery column. 3. The outlet

30、valve forming part of a reciprocating pump. depressed water level PUMPING WATER LEVEL The lowest level of ground water during drainage or pumping. displacement pump See air displacement pump. drawdown The vertical distance, at any point, through which the free ground water table or the undisturbed p

31、iezometric surface is lowered due to pumping. dredge sump See settling pit. drowned level INVERTED SIPHON Part of a drainage drift which, being below both discharge and entry levels, is constantly full of water. duckfoot DUCKFOOT BEND A pipe bend at the bottom of a shaft column or rising main fitted

32、 with a horizontal base sufficiently strong for the weight of the rising main to rest upon it. duckfoot bend See duckfoot. feeder Any flow of water or gas entering a mine. flank bore See flank hole. flank hole FLANK BORE FLANKING HOLE A borehole to detect water, gas, or other danger, driven from the

33、 side of an underground excavation in a line not parallel with the centre line of the excavation. flanking hole 1. See flank hole. 2. See also Drilling and blasting section. flap valve See clack valve. flume LAUNDER, deprecated RACE, deprecated SLUICE, deprecated An open trough or channel, made of w

34、ood or other material, used for conveying water. flush See inrush. foot valve The non-return valve fitted to the inlet of a suction pipe.BS3618-4:1971 BSI 12-1999 3 Term Definition frame dam A stopping, dam or bulkhead built of heavy timbers. garland WATER GARLAND WATER CURB, deprecated WATER RING,

35、deprecated A channel fixed round the lining within a shaft in order to catch the water draining down the shaft walls and conduct it by pipes or water boxes to a lower level. gate valve A valve which provides a straight through passage for the flow of fluid. ground water METEORIC WATER Water penetrat

36、ing from the surface and filling naturally the pores and fissures of the strata below the water table. ground water hydrology That aspect of hydrology which is concerned with the physical and chemical characteristics of water and similar liquids found in the ground. ground water level See water tabl

37、e. grouting The process of injecting cement, clay, hot bitumen, or other material, to improve the strength of the strata or to retard or prevent the passage of liquids or gases. growth See make of water. hydrology The study of the movement of water above, on and within the earths crust (cf. hydrogeo

38、logy, in Geology section). inrush FLUSH, deprecated Any sudden flow of material and water into underground workings. inverted siphon See drowned level. jack head See delivery drift. launder See flume. lodge LODGEMENT A reservoir of any size used for holding water in a mine. A sump or standage. lodge

39、ment See lodge. make of water GROWTH, deprecated The rate of entry of water into a mine or part of a mine. meteoric water See ground water. miners inch See “V” notch. off-take drift See delivery drift. on air The state of a pump which is operating although having no water in its working parts. on sn

40、ore The operation of a pump with its strainer partly exposed to air and passing a mixture of air and water. piestic level The level at which water in a confined aquifer will rise under its full hydrostatic head. piezometric surface An imaginary surface that coincides with the hydrostatic pressure le

41、vel of the water in a confined aquifer. pipefitter See pipeman. pipeman PIPEFITTER A man engaged in laying or repairing pipe lines. plug 1. See dam. 2. A watertight seal in a shaft formed by removing the lining and inserting a concrete dam, or by placing a plug of clay over ordinary debris used to f

42、ill the shaft up to the location of the plug. 3. See also Shafts and associated equipment section. pumping water level See depressed water level.BS3618-4:1971 4 BSI 12-1999 Term Definition race See flume. reciprocating pump A pump depending for its action on the movement of a piston or plunger withi

43、n a cylinder. reflux valve CHECK VALVE, deprecated RETAINING VALVE, deprecated An automatic non-return valve, located on the delivery side of a pump, which opens freely to permit fluid to pass in one direction but closes under its own weight when motion ceases or when the fluid commences to flow in

44、a reverse direction. rest water level 1. The level of the water table at any particular point. 2. The level of water in a well or borehole when pumping is not in progress. retaining valve See reflux valve. rising main DELIVERY COLUMN, deprecated The pipe through which the water from a pump reaches t

45、he point of delivery; particularly the pipe column in a shaft. secondary water Water entering the mine from other workings, as opposed to water inherent in the area worked by the mine. settling pit DREDGE SUMP, deprecated SETTLING SUMP, deprecated An excavation through which mine water is conducted

46、in order to reduce its velocity, thus allowing sediment to settle and to be cleaned out from time to time. settling sump See settling pit. sinking pump A pump specially designed for use in sinking shafts. sliding suction A telescopic suction pipe. sluice See flume. sluice valve A valve consisting of

47、 a plate, moved by a screw, between closely fitting channel guides. snorepiece STRAINER STRUM, deprecated A strainer fitted to the inlet of a suction pipe. (See also on snore.) spider 1. A ring inserted at the joints of the suspension column of a borehole pump. Radial vanes from the ring support a c

48、entral sleeve, which acts as a steady bearing for the pump shaft. 2. See also Shafts and associated equipment section. standage 1. A lodge. 2. The capacity of a sump or lodge. strainer See snorepiece. strum See snorepiece. submersible pump A pump driving unit which operates when fully submerged. suc

49、tion valve The inlet valve forming part of a reciprocating pump. sump 1. That portion of the shaft below the normal winding level which is used for the collection of water for pumping. 2. Any excavation in a mine for collecting or storing water. swallow hole A natural cavern formed by the solution of rock, usually limestone, by water passing down a joint or bedding plane. tail of water The edge of water standing in mine workings. tap To cut or bore into old workings or water-bearing strata for the purpose of proving or extracting gas or water. tilting