ASTM F3020-2016 Performance Standard for Hand-Worn Metal Detectors Used in Safety and Security《安全和安保用手戴金属探测器的性能标准》.pdf

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1、Designation: F3020 16Performance Standard forHand-Worn Metal Detectors Used in Safety and Security1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3020; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision

2、. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This standard applies to all hand-worn or glove-typemetal detectors used to find metal contraband concealed orhidden on people or o

3、ther objects with hand-accessible sur-faces. Hand-worn metal detectors (HWMDs) are significantlydifferent in design compared to the more common hand-heldmetal detector (HHMD). For example, the HWMD generates amuch more localized magnetic field than does the HHMD andthe useful field of the HWMD is no

4、rmal to the plane of thehand whereas the useful field of the HHMD is multi-directional.1.2 This standard describes minimally acceptable perfor-mance requirements, which includes metal object detectionperformance, safety (electrical, mechanical, fire), electromag-netic compatibility, environmental co

5、nditions and ranges, andmechanical durability. The requirements for metal detectionperformance are unique and, therefore, test methods for theseparameters are provided, including the design of test objects.An agency or organization using this standard is encouraged toadd their unique operationally-b

6、ased requirements to thoserequirements listed in this minimally-acceptable performancestandard.1.3 This documentary standard describes the use of spheri-cal test objects, instead of actual threat objects or exemplars ofthreat objects, to test the detection performance of hand-wornmetal detectors. Sp

7、herical test objects are used because thedetectability of spherical test objects is not orientationdependent, whereas this is not true for non-spherical testobjects. This orientation-dependent detectability of non-spherical test objects may allow a HWMD to be incorrectlyattributed a higher performan

8、ce capability than that HWMD iscapable of providing. To aid agencies wishing to add specificthreat objects to their detection performance requirements,included in Annex A1 is the analysis of the probability ofdetection for different orientations of agency-specific non-spherical threat objects.1.4 Th

9、is standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documen

10、ts2.1 ISO Standards:2ISO 17025:2005 General Requirements for the Competenceof Testing and Calibration LaboratoriesISO 10012:2003 Quality Assurance Requirements for Mea-suring EquipmentISO 14117:2012 Active Implantable Medical DevicesElectromagnetic CompatibilityEMC Test Protocols forImplantable Card

11、iac Pacemakers, Implantable Cardio-verter Defibrillators, and Cardiac Resynchronization De-vicesISO 147081:2000 Implants for SurgeryActive Implant-able Medical DevicesPart 1: General Requirements forSafety, Marking, and for Information to be Provided bythe ManufacturerISO 147082:2012 Implants for Su

12、rgeryActive Implant-able Medical DevicesPart 2: Cardiac PacemakersISO 147083:2008 Implants for SurgeryActive Implant-able Medical DevicesPart 3: Implantable DevicesISO 147084:2008 Implants for SurgeryActive Implant-able Medical DevicesPart 4: Implantable InfusionPumpsISO 147085:2010 Implants for Sur

13、geryActive Implant-able Medical DevicesPart 5: Circulatory Support De-vicesISO 147086:2010 Implants for SurgeryActive Implant-able Medical DevicesPart 6: Particular Requirementsfor Active Implantable Medical Devices Intended to TreatTachyarrhythmia (Including Implantable Defibrillators)2.2 IEC Stand

14、ards:3IEC 610101 Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipmentfor Measurement, Control, and Laboratory UsePart 1:General Requirements1This performance standard is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F12on Security Systems and Equipment and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF12.60 on Co

15、ntrolled Access Security, Search, and Screening Equipment.Current edition approved July 15, 2016. Published July 2016. DOI: 10.1520/F3020-16.2Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISOCentral Secretariat, BIBC II, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier,Geneva, Swi

16、tzerland, http:/www.iso.org.3Available from International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), 3, rue deVaremb, P.O. Box 131, 1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iec.ch.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1IEC 6100061 Elec

17、tromagnetic Compatibility (EMC), Part6: Generic StandardsSections 1: Immunity forResidential, Commercial, and Light-Industrial Environ-mentsIEC 6100042 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC), Part4: Testing and Measurement TechniquesSection 2:Electrostatics Discharge Immunity TestIEC 6100043 Electromag

18、netnic Compatibility (EMC),Part 4: Testing and Measurement TechniquesSection 3:Radiated, Radiofrequency, Electromagnetic Field Immu-nity TestIEC 6100048 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC), Part4: Testing and Measurement TechniquesSection 8:Power Frequency Magnetic Field Immunity TestIEC 6060112 Med

19、ical Electrical EquipmentPart 12:General Requirements for Basic Safety and EssentialPerformanceCollateral Standard: ElectromagneticDisturbancesRequirements and TestsIEC 60529 20012 Degrees of Protection Provided by En-closures (IP Code)IEC 60068227: 20082 Environmental TestingPart227: TestsTest Ea a

20、nd Guidance: ShockCISPR 22 Information Technology EquipmentRatio Dis-turbance CharacteristicsLimits and Methods ofMeasurement, Class B, Radiated Disturbance2.3 IEEE Standard4IEEE C95.1 Standard for Safety Levels with Respect toHuman Exposure to Radio Frequency ElectromagneticFields, 3 kHz to 300 GHz

21、2.4 Military Standards:5MIL-STD-810G Method 501.5 Test Method Standard forEnvironmental Engineering Considerations and Labora-tory Tests, Method 501.5, High TemperatureMIL-STD-810G Method 502.5 Test Method Standard forEnvironmental Engineering Considerations and Labora-tory Tests, Method 502.5, Low

22、TemperatureMIL-STD-810G Method 507.5 Test Method Standard forEnvironmental Engineering Considerations and Labora-tory Tests, Method 507.5, Humidity2.5 ANSI Standard:6ANSI S1.41983 Specification for Sound Level Meters2.6 CIE Standard:7CIE S 0141/E:2006 ColorimetryPart 1: CIE StandardColorimetric Obse

23、rvers3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 alarman indication that informs the operator of anevent, such as metal detection or a detector (HWMD) statuschange.3.1.2 body simulanta material engineered to simulate theaverage electrical conductivity and magnetic permeability ofthe human body; the average

24、electrical conductivity is 0.8 60.2 S/m and the average magnetic permeability is 1.26 10-66 510-7H/m.3.1.3 detectorthe hand-worn metal detector (HWMD) thatis worn on the hand and is used for finding metal objectsconcealed on a person or other object (see Figs. 1 and 2).3.1.4 detector axisan imaginar

25、y line passing through andperpendicular to the detector plane that is located within thedetector plane such that the magnetic field around the detectoraxis has the maximum symmetry; the detector axis is labeled asthe “z” axis; the location of the detector axis relative to theHWMD shape and geometry

26、is specified by the manufacturer;the detector axis is the reference for positioning in the detectionperformance tests (see Fig. 1).4Available from Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE),445 Hoes Ln., Piscataway, NJ 08854-4141, http:/www.ieee.org.5Available from U.S. Governmen

27、t Printing Office, Superintendent ofDocuments, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Washington, DC 20401-0001, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.6Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.7Available from U.S. National Committee of the CIE

28、 (International Commissionon Illumination), C/o Alan Laird Lewis, 282 E. Riding, Carlisle, MA 01741,http:/www.cie-usnc.org.FIG. 1 Diagram of Hand-Worn Metal Detector Showing the Detector Plane (outlined in red) and the Detector Axis (labeled z)F3020 1623.1.5 detector holdera rectangular prism made o

29、f thebody simulant on which the HWMD is worn.3.1.6 detector planean imaginary plane (two-dimensionalsurface) that is tangential to the plane, line, or point on theHWMD surface that is closest to the object being scannedunder typical HWMD use; the detector plane contains twoorthogonal axes labeled as

30、 the “x” axis and as the “y” axis (seeFig. 2).3.1.7 detection sensitivity settingan adjustment that can bemade to the HWMD that affects its ability to sense metalobjects.3.1.8 measurement coordinate systema mutually orthogo-nal three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system referencedto the detector

31、axis and the detector plane; the three axes arelabeled “x,” “y,” and “z,” where the z axis is parallel to thedetector axis and the x axis and the y axis are in the detectorplane (see Fig. 2).3.1.9 measurement planean imaginary two-dimensionalsurface that is parallel to the detection plane and that i

32、stangential to the plane, line, or point on the test object that isclosest to the detection plane; there may be more than onemeasurement plane; the measurement plane(s) is (are) refer-enced from the detector plane (see Fig. 2); there is a measure-ment plane for each object-size class of the HWMD, as

33、 shownin Table 1.3.1.10 size classa classification method based on group-ing exemplars of commonly encountered objects that may beeither commercially available or readily fabricated from avail-able materials and that are related to customer applications andobject sizes; a HWMD may meet the requireme

34、nts for one orall size classes, as defined below. For each size class, there areexemplars constructed of ferromagnetic metal and exemplarsconstructed of nonferromagnetic metal.3.1.10.1 largerepresents threat items such as handguns;and similarly sized objects, or larger.3.1.10.2 mediumrepresents thre

35、at items such as kniveshaving blade lengths exceeding 7.5 cm, and similarly sizedobjects, up to the size of a large object.3.1.10.3 smallrepresents threat items such as, but notlimited to, knives having blade lengths less than or equal to 7.5cm, handcuff keys, handgun rounds, and similarly sizedobje

36、cts, up to the size of a medium object.NOTE 1The x-axis points along the users arm.FIG. 2 Diagram of the Measurement Coordinate System Showing the Measurement Coordinate System Axes, One Measurement Plane,and the Detector PlaneTABLE 1 Distance Between Measurement Plane and DetectorPlane for the Diff

37、erent HWMD Size ClassesSize Class Distance Between MeasurementPlane and Detector Plane (cm)Large 1.5 -0/+0.25Medium 1.0 -0/+0.25Small 1.0 -0/+0.25Very Small 0.5 -0/+0.25F3020 1633.1.10.4 very smallrepresents threat items such as t razorblades, hypodermic needles and similarly sized objects, up tothe

38、 size of a small object.3.1.11 test objectan item that is used to test the HWMDdetection performance; test objects accurately simulate theelectromagnetic properties of an actual threat or contrabanditem, such as a weapon or an item that can be used to defeatsecurity devices; the test objects are des

39、cribed in Section 6.3.1.12 test object axisthe imaginary line passing throughthe center of the test object that is referenced to and has aone-to-one correspondence with the axes of the measurementcoordinate system.3.1.13 x-axis scan range and y-axis scan rangethe seg-ment of line along the x and y a

40、xis of the measurementcoordinate system that is centered on the detector axis thatextends equally on either side of the detector axis; the detectionperformance of the HWMD will be tested along both axes (seeTable 2).4. Requirements for AcceptanceNOTE 1The HWMD shall meet or exceed the requirements a

41、ndspecifications stated in this section.4.1 General Test Conditions and Requirements:4.1.1 Testing and Calibration LaboratoriesLaboratoriesperforming testing and calibration of the HWMD or itscomponents, or both, shall meet the requirements of ISO17025, as amended.4.1.2 Measurement Equipment and Pro

42、cessesAll mea-surement equipment and processes shall be certified to ISO100121, as amended4.2 Safety Specifications and Requirements:4.2.1 ElectricalThe HWMD shall comply with IEC610101, Section 6, “Protection Against Electrical Shock,” asamended.4.2.2 MechanicalThe HWMD shall meet requirements ofIE

43、C 610101, Section 10, “Equipment Temperature Limits andResistance to Heat,” as amended.4.2.3 ThermalThe HWMD shall meet the requirements ofIEC 610101, Section 10, “Equipment Temperature Limits andResistance to Heat,” as amended.4.2.4 Human Exposure:4.2.4.1 GeneralThe magnitude of the electromagnetic

44、field generated by the HWMD at a distance of approximately5 mm from any surface of the HWMD shall be less than theexposure limits specified for general public exposure in theICNIRP Guideline8and IEEE C95.1.4.2.4.2 Active Implanted and Body-worn Medical DevicesThe magnitude of the electromagnetic fie

45、ld generated by theHWMD shall not cause an active implanted or body-wornmedical electronic device to be adversely affected as describedin ISO 14117:2012, ISO 147081, ISO 147082, ISO147083, ISO 147084, ISO 147085, ISO 147086, and IEC6060112 and tested in accordance with the same. If adher-ence to the

46、 requirement in 4.2.4.2 has not been demonstrated,the manufacturer shall provide a warning with the HWMDinstructions that states, “This device has not been demonstratedas being safe for use on people with active implanted and/orbody-worn medical devices.”4.3 Power Requirement:4.3.1 Battery LifeThe H

47、WMD shall operate for at least 8h as tested in accordance with 5.4 and while using a battery ofthe type and model recommended by the manufacturer.4.4 Detection Performance SpecificationsThe ability ofthe HWMD to sense the presence of a test object will vary withthe material, type, and orientation of

48、 the test object.Consequently, the test objects are grouped according to theirsize class and the HWMDs are tested for their ability to detecttest objects from within these different size classes. Thedetection performance specifications shall be tested using thedetection sensitivity setting, if appli

49、cable, that is specified bythe manufacturer to be appropriate for each test object sizeclass. All the tests of 5.2 requirements shall be performedwithin an 8 6 0.5 h period without adjusting the detectorsensitivity setting between tests. The detector sensitivity set-ting shall not be readjusted during testing, or after changing thebattery. The test objects are given in Section 6.4.4.1 Detection SensitivityThe HWMD shall exhibit anaverage probability of detection, pd, sens, 0.95 wi