ASTM F2115-2005 Standard Specification for Motorized Treadmills《装有发动机的人力踏车的标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: F 2115 05An American National StandardStandard Specification forMotorized Treadmills1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2115; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision

2、. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe goal of this specification is to promote proper mechanical design and manufacturing practicesfor motorized treadmills. Through

3、 these practices, this specification aims to assist designers andmanufacturers in producing functional, safe machines under proper operational conditions. Theequipment user must recognize, however, that a standard alone will not necessarily prevent injuries.Like other physical activities, exercise i

4、nvolving treadmills involves the risk of injury, particularly ifthe equipment is used improperly. The designers and manufacturers of treadmills should also considerother standards including, but not limited to, those listed below. This specification does not apply totreadmills designed for underwate

5、r use.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the establishment of param-eters for the design and manufacture of motorized treadmills.1.2 It is intent of this specification to specify products foruse by individuals age 12 and above.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. T

6、he values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility

7、 of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F 1749 Specification for Fitness Equipment and FacilitySafety Signage and LabelsF 2106 Test Methods for Evaluating Design and Perfor-mance Characteristics of Motorized Treadmills2.2 UL Standards:3UL 1647 Motor Operate

8、d Massage and Exercise Machines3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For treadmill terminology, see Fig. 1.3.1.2 accessible areas, narea accessible to the user orthird party when the equipment is in normal use, during settingup, grasping, or correcting pieces of equipment or position ofthe body. This

9、does not include areas that are accessible duringthe initial assembly.3.1.3 adjustable incline system, ncomponents that allowthe user to vary the angle of the moving surface relative to thefloor.3.1.4 catch point, nlocation at which edges, protrusions,or surfaces allow a body part to become injured

10、or clothing tobe damaged.3.1.5 consumer treadmill, ntreadmill intended exclu-sively for use by one person or a family unit in a homeenvironment.3.1.6 folding treadmill, ntreadmill that is designed withsome components that can be moved to allow a more compact,nonusable storage position.3.1.7 institut

11、ional treadmill, ntreadmill intended for useby numerous persons in a commercial facility or institution asopposed to home environment.3.1.8 intended use, noperation in a manner consistentwith use described in the owners manual.3.1.9 owners/users manual, ndocumentation suppliedand intended by the man

12、ufacturer to convey information to theowner/user about the treadmill.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on SportsEquipment and Facilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F08.30 onFitness Products.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2005. Published Janua

13、ry 2005. Originallyapproved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as F 2115 02b.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Sum

14、mary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Corporate Progress, 333Pfingsten Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.10 pinch point, nlocation between two moving

15、com-ponents or the location between a moving and fixed componentthat, when entered, causes a portion of the body to becomeentrapped.3.1.11 pull in point, nlocation between two moving com-ponents or the location between a moving and fixed componentthat, when entered, causes a portion of the body to b

16、e pulledinto and trapped between the components.3.1.12 shear point, nlocation at which parts move pastone another, a fixed point, or belt/pulley interfaces, so as tocause a body part to become caught in a scissors action.3.1.13 stop mechanism, ndevice on the treadmill that,when actuated, removes pow

17、er from the system that drives themoving surface or initiates a controlled stop.3.1.14 user support means, nsee hand rails.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 control panel, nmachine/user interface device forcontrolling the operation of or displaying information about theoperati

18、onal state of the treadmill.3.2.2 corner, nintersection of three planes or surfaces ona single component.3.2.3 cycle, nrefers to one application of load to specifi-cations required in the standard followed by removal of thatload.3.2.4 deck, ncomponent that supports the moving surface.3.2.5 edge, nin

19、tersection of two planes or surfaces on asingle component.3.2.6 foot rail, narea beside the moving surface intendedfor the user to stand on when mounting or dismounting orduring a pause.3.2.7 handrail, nthe means that are provided for a user toenhance balance and stability by partially or totally su

20、pportingthe users weight with the users arms.3.2.8 motorized drive, nsystem that causes motion in themoving surfaceutilizing a power source other than the user.3.2.9 moving surface, ncomponent(s) on which the userwalks or runs.3.2.10 roller, ncylindrical component of the treadmillused to tension or

21、support the moving surface.3.2.11 steady state unloaded condition, noperational stateof the treadmill in which no user or other externally appliedload has been applied to the treadmill and the moving surfacespeed has been allowed to stabilize as commanded by the userinterface.3.2.12 treadmill, nmoto

22、rized stationary exercise devicethat allows the user to walk, jog, or run by means of traversinga continuous moving surface.3.2.13 usable moving surface, narea of the moving sur-face that is clear of any obstructions that would impede normalfoot motion including the portion of the stride prior to in

23、itialfoot fall and therefore accessible for normal use. Where noobstructions exist, the tangency point of the roller and the beltis considered the end of the usable surface.3.2.14 user weight (maximum), nmass of the exerciserthat the treadmill was designed to safely accommodate. Themanufacturer defi

24、nes this value.4. Design Requirements4.1 Tests for conformance to design and loading require-ments shall be performed in accordance with Test MethodsF 2106.FIG. 1 Treadmill TerminologyF21150524.2 Stability:4.2.1 The treadmill shall be stable during intended use.4.3 Exterior Design:4.3.1 EdgesAll edg

25、es in accessible areas shall be free ofburrs and sharp edges.4.3.2 CornersAll corners in accessible areas shall beradiused or chamfered.4.3.3 Tube EndsTube ends in the exposed accessible areasshall be closed off either by other components or plugs, caps,or covers.4.3.4 The design of rotating parts s

26、hall avoid shear, pinch,or catch points by guarding, shielding, spacing, or otherappropriate means.4.3.5 The rear roller of the treadmill shall be designed orguarded to reduce the risk of finger entrapment. The guard ordesign shall function through the full range of inclinationpossible and through t

27、he full range of belt tension adjustment.The guard configurations shown in Fig. 2 are suggestions thatmay reduce the risks associated with this area. Fig. 2 assumesthat the treadmill is maintained and adjusted per manufactur-ers recommendations.4.3.5.1 DiscussionThe intention of Fig. 2 is to show so

28、mepossible alternatives that have been used previously on tread-mills to guard the rear roller area. This figure is not intended tolimit alternatives that may more effectively address the hazardthat is present at the rear roller. The function of the guard is tominimize the possibility of finger entr

29、apment between theroller and the moving surface and between the frame and theend of the roller without introducing an undo tripping hazard tothe user of the treadmill.4.3.6 Electrical elements shall be guarded so as to meet orexceed UL 1647.4.3.7 All treadmills shall be equipped with foot rails tofa

30、cilitate user mounting and dismounting.4.3.7.1 Foot rails shall be constructed to minimize footslippage. A coefficient of friction of at least 0.5 must existbetween the foot rail and a standard rubber test surface.4.3.7.2 Foot rails shall be a minimum of 610 mm (24 in.)long and adjacent to the movin

31、g surface. They shall cover, asa minimum, from within 460 mm (18 in.) of the forward edgeof the usable moving surface and at least 150 mm (6 in.)beyond the center of the usable moving surface. See Fig. 3.4.3.7.3 For foot rail lateral spacing of 950 mm (37.5 in.) orless, the minimum foot rail surface

32、 width dimension shall be 75mm (3 in.). For foot rails spaced greater than 950 mm (37.5in.), the minimum foot rail surface width dimension shall be150 mm (6 in.). See Fig. 3.4.3.8 Moving Surface:4.3.8.1 The moving surface shall be constructed to mini-mize foot slippage. A coefficient of friction of

33、at least 0.5 mustexist between the side of the moving surface presented to theuser and a standard rubber test surface.4.3.8.2 The minimum dimensions of the usable movingsurface shall meet the following requirements (maximumspeed determined from test method for 4.8.3):For institutional treadmills:Max

34、imum Speed Minimum Width Minimum Length0 to 9.7 kph (0 to 6 mph) 400 mm (15.75 in.) 815 mm (32 in.)9.7 to 13 kph (6 to 8 mph) 400 mm (15.75 in.) 965 mm (38 in.)13 to 16 kph (8 to 10 mph) 400 mm (15.75 in.) 1090 mm (43 in.)16 kph (10 mph) 400 mm (15.75 in.) 1270 mm (50 in.)For consumer treadmills:FIG

35、. 2 Examples of Rear Roller GuardingF2115053Maximum Speed Minimum Width Minimum Length0 to 9.7 kph (0 to 6 mph) 325 mm (12.75 in.) 815 mm (32 in.)9.7 to 13 kph (6 to 8 mph) 350 mm (13.75 in.) 965 mm (38 in.)13 to 16 kph (8 to 10 mph) 350 mm (13.75 in.) 1090 mm (43 in.)16 kph (10 mph) 400 mm (15.75 i

36、n.) 1270 mm (50 in.)4.3.9 All treadmills shall be equipped with a handrail foruser support during use and to assist in dismount. The handrailshall have a total grip length of at least 405 mm (16 in.), andat least one segment shall be a minimum of 200 mm (8 in.)long.4.3.9.1 If the treadmill is not eq

37、uipped with a front handrail,side handrails shall be included on both sides and have amaximum width of 965 mm (38 in.) measured centerline tocenterline.4.3.9.2 All handrails shall be a minimum of 800 mm (31.5in.) and a maximum of 1170 mm (46 in.) above the movingsurface.4.4 Endurance:4.4.1 Treadmill

38、s shall function per manufacturers specifi-cations after enduring a minimum of 375 000 cycles (= 2cycles/s 3 3600 s/h 3 1 h usage/week 3 52 weeks) at a loadequal to 1.5 times maximum specified user weight for con-sumer treadmills or 2 620 000 cycles (= 2 cycles/s 3 3600 s/h3 7 h/week usage 3 52 week

39、s) at a load equal to 1.5 timesmaximum specified user weight for institutional treadmillsapplied to the stationary moving surface.4.4.2 Switches and switch actuation mechanisms for con-trolling the stop, pause, or end functions shall function properlyas follows:4.4.2.1 Consumer Treadmills3 times/h 3

40、 5 h/week 3 52weeks/year 3 a safety factor of 2 = 1560 actuations.4.4.2.2 Institutional Treadmills3 times/h 3 50 h/week 352 weeks/year 3 3 years 3 a safety factor of2=46800actuations.4.5 Static Loading:4.5.1 The moving surface and deck (if present) shall with-stand a load equal to 4 times maximum sp

41、ecified user weightfor institutional treadmills and 3 times maximum specified userweight for consumer treadmills without breakage. The footrails shall withstand a load equal to the maximum specifieduser weight 33 for institutional treadmills and 32 for con-sumer treadmills without breakage.4.5.2 The

42、 handrail shall endure a vertical static load of 1.03 the maximum specified user weight with permanent defor-mation of less than 5 % of original dimensions at the furthestpoint from attachment as measured from the foot rails or amaximum of 5 at any point on the handrail, whichever isgreater.4.5.3 Th

43、e handrail shall endure a horizontal static load of0.5 3 the maximum specified user weight with permanentdeformation of less than 5 % of original dimensions at thefurthest point from attachment as measured from the attach-ment point or a maximum of 5 at any point on the handrail,whichever is greater

44、.4.5.4 The upright support of folding treadmills shall besufficiently stable such that it will not fold down with a load of180 N (40 lbs) applied horizontally to the handlebar supportmeans. The user support means must not reach its balancepoint, when pulled toward the rear of the treadmill, beforero

45、tating at least 30.4.6 Overheating:4.6.1 No external surfaces shall achieve a temperatureexceeding 85C (185F) for nonmetallic surfaces or 60C(140F) for metallic surfaces. If the test is conducted at a roomtemperature of other than 25C (77F), the results are to becorrected to that temperature.4.7 Adj

46、ustable Incline System:FIG. 3 Top View of Required Foot Rail DimensionsF21150544.7.1 The adjustable incline system, if the treadmill is soequipped, shall not move in excess of 25 mm/s (1 in./s)measured at any pinch or shear point created by the movementof the incline system.4.8 Control Panel:4.8.1 T

47、he control panel for the operation of the treadmillshall be readily accessible by the user.4.8.2 The controls for a motorized treadmill shall incorpo-rate a prominently labeled and user accessible stop switch. Thestop switch causes the moving surface to decelerate and stopand stops the motion of any

48、 power-driven incline system. Stopmechanisms may include a push-button stop switch, a pull cordstop switch, an infrared beam switch, or other suitable means.4.8.3 If the motorized treadmill is equipped with a speeddisplay, it shall reflect the true moving surface speed to within61.6 kph (1.0 mph) wh

49、ile in a steady state unloaded condition.4.9 Motorized Drive System:4.9.1 The initial starting speed of the moving surface shallnot exceed 2.4 kph (1.5 mph). The acceleration of the movingsurface, with the treadmill in an unloaded condition, shall notexceed 3.2 kph/s (2.0 mph/s).4.9.2 The maximum deceleration shall not exceed 9.7 kph/s(6.0 mph/s) with the treadmill stopping with a load equivalentto a 90 kg (200 lb) or maximum specified user weight,whichever is less. This maximum deceleration rate shall applyon activation of the stop