ASTM E228-2017 red 2519 Standard Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid Materials With a Push-Rod Dilatometer《用干涉计测量刚性固体线性热膨胀特性的标准试验方法》.pdf
《ASTM E228-2017 red 2519 Standard Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid Materials With a Push-Rod Dilatometer《用干涉计测量刚性固体线性热膨胀特性的标准试验方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM E228-2017 red 2519 Standard Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid Materials With a Push-Rod Dilatometer《用干涉计测量刚性固体线性热膨胀特性的标准试验方法》.pdf(11页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: E228 11 (Reapproved 2016)E228 17Standard Test Method forLinear Thermal Expansion of Solid Materials With a Push-Rod Dilatometer1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E228; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the ca
2、se of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This
3、 test method covers the determination of the linear thermal expansion of rigid solid materials using push-roddilatometers. This method is applicable over any practical temperature range where a device can be constructed to satisfy theperformance requirements set forth in this standard.NOTE 1Initiall
4、y, this method was developed for vitreous silica dilatometers operating over a temperature range of 180180C to 900C. Theconcepts and principles have been amply documented in the literature to be equally applicable for operating at higher temperatures. The precision andbias of these systems is believ
5、ed to be of the same order as that for silica systems up to 900C. However, their precision and bias have not yet beenestablished over the relevant total range of temperature due to the lack of well-characterized reference materials and the need for interlaboratorycomparisons.1.2 For this purpose, a
6、rigid solid is defined as a material that, at test temperature and under the stresses imposed byinstrumentation, has a negligible creep or elastic strain rate, or both, thus insignificantly affecting the precision of thermal-lengthchange measurements. This includes, as examples, metals, ceramics, re
7、fractories, glasses, rocks and minerals, graphites, plastics,cements, cured mortars, woods, and a variety of composites.1.3 The precision of this comparative test method is higher than that of other push-rod dilatometry techniques (for example, TestMethod D696) and thermomechanical analysis (for exa
8、mple, Test Method E831) but is significantly lower than that of absolutemethods such as interferometry (for example, Test Method E289). It is generally applicable to materials having absolute linearexpansion coefficients exceeding 0.5 m/(mC) for a 1000C range, and under special circumstances can be
9、used for lowerexpansion materials when special precautions are used to ensure that the produced expansion of the specimen falls within thecapabilities of the measuring system. In such cases, a sufficiently long specimen was found to meet the specification.1.4 Computer- or electronic-based instrument
10、ation, techniques, and data analysis systems may be used in conjunction with thistest method, as long as it is established that such a system strictly adheres to the principles and computational schemes set forthin this method. Users of the test method are expressly advised that all such instruments
11、 or techniques may not be equivalent andmay omit or deviate from the methodology described hereunder. It is the responsibility of the user to determine the necessaryequivalency prior to use.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included i
12、n this standard.1.6 There is no ISO method equivalent to this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine th
13、e applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby
14、 the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E37 on Thermal Measurements and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.05 onThermophysical Properties.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2016April 1, 2017
15、. Published September 2016April 2017. Originally approved in 1963. Last previous edition approved in 20112016 asE228 11.E228 11 (2016). DOI: 10.1520/E0228-11R16.10.1520/E0228-17.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what c
16、hanges have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the of
17、ficial document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D696 Test Method for Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion of Plastics Between 30C and 30C with a Vitreous SilicaDilatometerE
18、220 Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples By Comparison TechniquesE230/E230M Specification and Temperature-Electromotive Force (emf) Tables for Standardized ThermocouplesE289 Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Rigid Solids with InterferometryE473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analy
19、sis and RheologyE644 Test Methods for Testing Industrial Resistance ThermometersE831 Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid Materials by Thermomechanical AnalysisE1142 Terminology Relating to Thermophysical Properties3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsThe following terms are applicable to this
20、test method and are listed in Terminologies E473 and E1142:coeffcient of linear thermal expansion,thermodilatometry, and thermomechanical analysis.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 dilatometera device that measures the difference in linear thermal expansion between a test spec
21、imen and its own partsadjacent to the sample.3.2.1.1 DiscussionThermomechanical analyzers (TMA), instruments used in thermal analysis, are often also characterized as dilatometers, due totheir ability to determine linear thermal expansion characteristics. Typically, they employ specimens much smalle
22、r thandilatometers; however, TMA systems with sufficiently large specimen size capability have been shown to measure thermalexpansion accurately. When using the small TMA specimen size, this utilization of TMA equipment should be limited to testingonly very high expansion materials, such as polymers
23、, otherwise the data obtained may be substantially in error. Conversely, somedilatometers can perform some of the TMA functions, but the two devices should not be considered equivalent or interchangeablein all applications.3.2.2 linear thermal expansion, L/L0the change in length relative to the init
24、ial length of the specimen accompanying achange in temperature, between temperatures T0 and T1, expressed as:LL0 5L12L0L0 (1)3.2.2.1 DiscussionIt is a dimensionless quantity, but for practical reasons the units most often used are m/m, (m/m)10m/m.-6, (in./in.)10-6, ppmor percent (%).3.2.3 mean (aver
- 1.请仔细阅读文档,确保文档完整性,对于不预览、不比对内容而直接下载带来的问题本站不予受理。
- 2.下载的文档,不会出现我们的网址水印。
- 3、该文档所得收入(下载+内容+预览)归上传者、原创作者;如果您是本文档原作者,请点此认领!既往收益都归您。
下载文档到电脑,查找使用更方便
5000 积分 0人已下载
下载 | 加入VIP,交流精品资源 |
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- ASTME2282017RED2519STANDARDTESTMETHODFORLINEARTHERMALEXPANSIONOFSOLIDMATERIALSWITHAPUSHRODDILATOMETER

链接地址:http://www.mydoc123.com/p-527169.html