ASTM D6113-2010 0625 Standard Test Method for Using a Cone Calorimeter to Determine Fire-Test-Response Characteristics of Insulating Materials Contained in Electrical or Optical Fi.pdf

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1、Designation: D6113 10An American National StandardStandard Test Method forUsing a Cone Calorimeter to Determine Fire-Test-ResponseCharacteristics of Insulating Materials Contained inElectrical or Optical Fiber Cables1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6113; the number immediately f

2、ollowing the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This is a fi

3、re-test-response standard.1.2 Several fire-test-response characteristics, including thetime to sustained flaming, heat release rate, total heat released,effective heat of combustion, and specific extinction area; aremeasured or calculated by this test method at a constant radiantheating flux. For sp

4、ecific limitations see also 5.7 and Section 6.1.3 The tests are conducted by burning the electrical insu-lating materials contained in electrical or optical fiber cableswhen the cable test specimens, excluding accessories, aresubjected to radiant heat.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be rega

5、rded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determ

6、ine the applica-bility or regulatory limitations prior to use. For specificprecautionary statements, see Section 7.1.6 This standard measures and describes the response ofmaterials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame undercontrolled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate allfactors re

7、quired for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of thematerials, products or assemblies under actual fire conditions.1.7 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safe-guards for personnel and property shall be employed inconducting these tests.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D618 Pra

8、ctice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD1711 Terminology Relating to Electrical InsulationD5424 Test Method for Smoke Obscuration of InsulatingMaterials Contained in Electrical or Optical Fiber CablesWhen Burning in a Vertical Cable Tray ConfigurationD5485 Test Method for Determining the Corrosi

9、ve Effect ofCombustion Products Using the Cone CorrosimeterD5537 Test Method for Heat Release, Flame Spread,Smoke Obscuration, and Mass Loss Testing of InsulatingMaterials Contained in Electrical or Optical Fiber CablesWhen Burning in a Vertical Cable Tray ConfigurationE176 Terminology of Fire Stand

10、ardsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test MethodE906 Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke ReleaseRates for Materials and Products Using a ThermopileMethodE1354 Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke ReleaseRates for Materials and Products Using a

11、n Oxygen Con-sumption CalorimeterE1474 Test Method for Determining the Heat Release Rateof Upholstered Furniture and Mattress Components orComposites Using a Bench Scale Oxygen ConsumptionCalorimeter2.2 CSA Standard:CSA C22.2 No. 0.3, FT4, Vertical Flame Tests: Cables inCable Trays, Section 4.11.4 i

12、n C22.2 No. 0.3, TestMethods for Electrical Wires and Cables32.3 IEC Standards:1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 onElectrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D09.21 on Fire Performance Standards.Current edition appro

13、ved March 1, 2010. Published April 2010. Originallyapproved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D611309. DOI:10.1520/D6113-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volu

14、me information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Canadian Standards Association (CSA), 5060 Spectrum Way,Mississauga, ON L4W 5N6, Canada, http:/www.csa.ca.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 1

15、00 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.IEC 60695-4 Fire Hazard Testing. Part 4: TerminologyConcerning Fire Tests4IEC 60695-5-2 Fire Hazard Testing. Part 5: Assessment ofPotential Corrosion Damage by Fire Effluent - Section 2:Guidance on the Selection and U

16、se of Test Methods42.4 IEEE Standard:IEEE 1202 Standard for Flame Testing of Cables for Use inCable Tray in Industrial and Commercial Occupancies,IEEE Standard 120252.5 ISO Standards:ISO 13943 Fire Safety: Vocabulary6ISO 11907-4 PlasticsSmoke GenerationDeterminationof the Corrosivity of Fire Effluen

17、tsPart 4: DynamicDecomposition Method Using a Conical Radiant Heater62.6 NFPA Standard:NFPA 262 Standard Method of Test for Flame Travel andSmoke of Wires and Cables for Use in Air-HandlingSpaces72.7 OSHA Standard:OSHA 191.1450 Occupational Exposure to HazardousChemicals in Laboratories82.8 UL Stand

18、ards:ANSI/UL 1581 Reference Standard for Electrical Wires,Cables, and Flexible Cords9ANSI/UL 1666 Standard Test for Flame Propagation Heightof Electrical and Optical-Fiber Cables Installed Verticallyin Shafts9ANSI/UL 1685 Standard Vertical Tray Fire Propagation andSmoke Release Test for Electrical a

19、nd Optical FiberCables93. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method andassociated with fire issues use Terminology E176, ISO 13943and IEC 60695-4. Where differences exist in definitions, thosecontained in Terminology E176 shall be used. Use Terminol-ogy D1711

20、 for definitions of terms used in this test method andassociated with electrical insulation materials.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 cone calorimeter, nthe apparatus which is used inTest Method E1354 to determine heat release rate, by theprinciple of oxygen consumption calo

21、rimetry, and other fire-test-response characteristics.3.2.2 effective heat of combustion, nthe ratio of themeasured heat release to the mass loss, under specified testconditions.3.2.2.1 DiscussionThe effective heat of combustion is afunction of the test conditions, including heating flux, exposureti

22、me and test specimen geometry.3.2.3 heat release rate, nthe calorific energy released perunit time by the combustion of a material under specified testconditions.3.2.4 heating flux, nthe prescribed incident power per unitarea of test specimen, the power being imposed externally fromthe heater onto t

23、he test specimen at the initiation of the test.3.2.4.1 DiscussionThe test specimen, once ignited, is alsoheated by its own flame.3.2.5 ignitability, nthe measure of the ease with which aspecimen can be ignited due to the influence of an externalenergy source, under specified test conditions.3.2.6 ne

24、t heat of combustion, nthe quantity of heat re-leased by the complete combustion of a unit mass of thematerial, the water produced being in the vapor state.3.2.7 orientation, nthe plane in which the exposed face ofthe test specimen is located during testing, which is horizontalfacing up for this tes

25、t.3.2.8 oxygen consumption principle, nthe expression ofthe relationship between the mass of oxygen consumed duringcombustion and the heat released.3.2.9 smoke obscuration, nthe reduction in visibility dueto the smoke.3.2.10 specific extinction area, na measure of smokeobscuration potential per unit

26、 mass lost, determined as theproduct of the extinction coefficient and the volumetric massflow rate, divided by the mass loss rate.3.2.11 sustained flaming, nexistence of flame on or overthe surface of the test specimen for periods of4sormore.3.2.11.1 DiscussionFlaming of less than 4 s duration isid

27、entified as flashing or transitory flaming.3.2.12 total heat released, nintegrated value of the rate ofheat release, for a specified time period.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 All fire-test-response characteristics in this test methodare determined using the apparatus and procedures described inTest M

28、ethod E1354.4.2 The oxygen consumption principle, used in this testmethod, is based on the observation that, generally, the net heatof combustion is directly related to the amount of oxygenrequired for combustion (1).10Approximately 13.1 MJ of heatare released per 1 kg of oxygen consumed. Test speci

29、mens inthis test method are burned in ambient air conditions, whilebeing subjected to a prescribed external heating flux. (See alsoX5.1).4.3 The heat release is determined by the measurement ofthe oxygen consumption, as determined by the oxygen con-centration and the flow rate in the combustion prod

30、uct stream,as described in Test Method E1354.4.4 The primary measurements are oxygen concentrationand exhaust gas flow rate. Additional measurements includethe time to sustained flaming, the smoke obscuration generated,4Available from International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), 3 rue deVaremb,

31、Case postale 131, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iec.ch.5Available from Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE),445 Hoes Ln., P.O. Box 1331, Piscataway, NJ 08854-1331, http:/www.ieee.org.6Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. d

32、ela Voie-Creuse, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iso.ch.7Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 BatterymarchPark, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http:/www.nfpa.org.8Available from Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), 200Constitution Ave., N

33、W, Washington, DC 20210, http:/www.osha.gov.9Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), 333 Pfingsten Rd., North-brook, IL 60062-2096, http:/.10The boldface numbers given in parentheses refer to a list of references at theend of this test method.D6113 102the mass loss rate, and the effective hea

34、t of combustion.Ignitability is determined by measuring the time from initialexposure to time of sustained flaming of the test specimen.4.5 A cone calorimeter is used to measure the consumptionof oxygen during this test; heat release is then calculated, basedon the oxygen consumption principle. The

35、test specimen ismounted horizontally and a spark ignition source is employed.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is used to determine the heat releaserate and a number of other fire-test-response characteristics asa result of exposing insulating materials contained in electricalor optical ca

36、bles to a prescribed heating flux in the conecalorimeter apparatus.5.2 Quantitative heat release measurements provide infor-mation that is potentially useful for design of electrical oroptical cables, and product development.5.3 Heat release measurements provide useful informationfor product develop

37、ment by giving a quantitative measure ofspecific changes in fire performance caused by component andcomposite modifications. Heat release data from this testmethod will not be predictive of product behavior if theproduct will not spread flame over its surface under the fireexposure conditions of int

38、erest.5.4 The fire-test-response characteristics determined by thistest method are affected by the thickness of the material usedas test specimen, whether as a plaque or as coating on a wireor cable. The diameter of the wire or cable used will also affectthe test results.5.5 A radiant exposure is us

39、ed as an energy source for thistest method. This type of source has been used for comparisonwith heat release rate and flame spread studies of insulatingmaterials constructed into cables when burning in a verticalcable tray configuration (Test Methods D5424 and D5537)(2-9). No definitive relationshi

40、ps have been established.5.6 The value of heat release rate corresponding to thecritical limit between propagating cable fires and non-propagating fires is not known.5.7 This test method does not determine the net heat ofcombustion.5.8 It has not been demonstrated that this test method iscapable of

41、predicting the response of electrical or optical fibercables in a full scale fire. In particular, this test method does notaddress the self-extinguishing characteristics of the cables in afull scale fire.6. Test Limitations6.1 If during the test of one or more of the three replicatetest specimens, a

42、ny of the following unusual behavior occurs:molten material overflows the specimen holder trough; a testspecimen is displaced from the zone of controlled irradiance(explosive spalling); or the test specimen swells sufficientlyprior to ignition to touch the spark plug or swells up to theplane of the

43、heater base during combustion; then test anadditional specimen of the identical preconditioned test speci-mens in the test mode in which the unusual behavior occurred.Do not incorporate data obtained from the tests noted above,yielding inadequate results, in the averaged data but report theoccurrenc

44、e. This test method is not suitable if more than threeout of six test specimens tested show any of the abovecharacteristics.6.2 The applicability of this test method to smolderingignition of cables has not been demonstrated. This test methodis not suitable for incident heat fluxes below 10 kW/m2.6.3

45、 The validity of the results of this test method for aparticular scenario depends on the conditions under which thetests are conducted. In particular, it has been established thatthe use of a different heating flux will change relative results.7. Safety Precautions7.1 The test procedures involve hig

46、h temperatures andcombustion processes. Hazards therefore exist for burns, igni-tion of extraneous objects or clothing, and inhalation ofcombustion products. The operator must take appropriateprecautions during the insertion and removal of the testspecimens, for example, by using protective gloves.

47、Do nottouch either the cone heater or the associated fixtures while hot,except with the use of appropriate protective gear.7.2 Vent the combustion products flowing through theexposure chamber through a properly designed exhaust system.An adequate method of venting the combustion productscaptured in

48、the exposure chamber during the test is through anOSHA approved smoke hood11at the end of a test.7.3 Check the exhaust system for proper operation beforetesting and discharge into a building exhaust system withadequate capacity. Make provisions for collecting and ventingany combustion products that

49、for whatever reason are notcollected by the exhaust system of the apparatus.8. Test Specimen8.1 Size and Preparation:8.1.1 The types of test specimens permitted are (a) materialsin the form of a flat plaque, or (b) electrical insulating materialscontained in electrical or optical cables. The test specimen shallbe 100 6 2by1006 2 mm (approximately 4 6 0.08 by 4 60.08 in.) in size, or as close to that as possible. Fill thespecimen holder as completely as possible with the cablepieces. Make the thickness of a material test specimen in a flatplaque the