ASTM D581-2007 Standard Specification for Glass Fiber Greige Braided Tubular Sleeving《机织玻璃纤维套管的标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: D 581 07Standard Specification forGlass Fiber Greige Braided Tubular Sleeving1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 581; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A numb

2、er in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the requirements for continu-ous glass filament greige braided tubular sleeving and issuitable for use as electr

3、ical insulation and for structural andmechanical applications.1.2 This specification is intended to assist ultimate users bydesignating the types of these products that are typical in theindustry.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. T

4、he values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in nonconformancewith the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated

5、with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD 350 Test Methods for Fle

6、xible Treated Sleeving Used forElectrical InsulationD 578 Specification for Glass Fiber StrandsD 579 Specification for Greige Woven Glass FabricsD 1059 Test Method for Yarn Number Based on Short-Length SpecimensD 1423 Test Method for Twist in Yarns by Direct-CountingD 1776 Practice for Conditioning

7、and Testing TextilesD 1907 Test Method for Linear Density of Yarn (YarnNumber) by the Skein MethodD 3773 Test Methods for Length of Woven FabricD 3775 Test Method for Warp End Count and Filling PickCount of Woven FabricD 4963 Test Method for Ignition Loss of Glass Strands andFabricsD 7018 Terminolog

8、y Relating to Glass Fiber and Its Prod-ucts2.2 ANSI Standard:ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 Sampling Procedures for Inspection byAttributes33. Terminology3.1 For all terminology related to D13.18, Glass Fiber andIts Products, see Terminology D 7018.3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard”braid, carr

9、ier, continuous filament yarn, greige goods, sleeving,and tubing.3.2 For all other terminology related to textiles, see Termi-nology D 123.4. Tubing Classifications4.1 Glass fiber greige braided tubular sleeving is producedin one type and two styles within that type and uses yarnsdesignated as direc

10、ted in Specification D 578. The standardtype and styles are:4.1.1 Type GGlass fiber greige braided tubular sleeving.4.1.2 Style AGlass fiber greige braided tubular sleevinghaving a nominal wall thickness of 0.20 mm (0.008 in.).4.1.3 Style BGlass fiber greige braided tubular sleevinghaving a nominal

11、wall thickness of 0.15 mm (0.006 in.).REQUIREMENTS5. Material5.1 All yarns for braided tubular sleeving shall be electricalclassification, (E glass), continuous filament glass yarns, and1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 onTextiles and is the direct responsibility of

12、 Subcommittee D13.18 on Glass Fiber andits Products.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2007. Published January 2007. Originallyapproved in 1940 T. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D 581 99.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at

13、 serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., 13thFloor, New York, NY 10036.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C70

14、0, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.shall fall within the chemical composition that is utilized forgeneral applications as described in Specification D 578, Sec-tion 4.2.2. Filament size shall be agreed upon between pur-chaser and supplier and shall meet the requirements of Speci-fica

15、tion D 578, Table 1 Letter Designations for Glass StrandFilament Diameters.5.1.1 The fiber shall be free of any free alkali metal oxides,such as soda or potash, and foreign particles, dirt, and otherimpurities.6. Yarn Number6.1 The nominal yarn number of the yarns in the braidedtubular sleeving shal

16、l be agreed upon between the purchaserand the supplier. The average yarn number shall fall within theinterval: nominal yarn number6 10 % of the nominal yarnnumber.7. Strand Construction7.1 The basis for specifying strand construction is given inSpecification D 578. The construction of the components

17、trands shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and thesupplier.8. Direction of Twist8.1 Unless otherwise agreed upon between the purchaserand the supplier, the primary twist in the singles strands shallbe “Z” twist and the final twist in the plied yarns shall be “S”twist.9. Twist Level9.1 The nom

18、inal twist in the component strands and thefinished yarns shall be agreed upon between the purchaser andthe supplier. The tolerances for the primary twist and the finaltwist shall conform to Table 1.10. Ends Per Carrier10.1 The nominal number of ends per carrier shall be agreedupon between the purch

19、aser and the supplier. The observednumber of ends per carrier shall not exceed that specified.11. Number of Carriers11.1 The nominal number of carriers shall be agreed uponbetween the purchaser and the supplier. The observed numberof carriers shall not be less than that specified.12. Picks Per Unit

20、Length12.1 The nominal number of picks per centimetre (picks perinch) shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and thesupplier. The observed number of picks per inch shall be within1 pick per centimetre (3 picks per inch) of the specified value.13. Inside Diameter13.1 For braided tubular sleeving

21、listed in Table 2, thenominal inside diameter shall conform to the requirements ofTable 2. For sleeving not listed in Table 2, the nominal insidediameter shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and thesupplier. The average inside diameter shall conform to therequirements of Table 3 unless otherwi

22、se agreed upon betweenthe purchaser and the seller.14. Wall Thickness14.1 For braided tubular sleeving listed in Table 2, thenominal wall thickness shall conform to the requirements ofTable 2. For sleeving not listed in Table 2, the nominal wallthickness shall be agreed upon between the purchaser an

23、d thesupplier. The average wall thickness shall be within 0.03 mm(0.001 in.) of the nominal value.15. Length Per Unit Mass15.1 For braided tubular sleeving listed in Table 2, thenominal length per unit mass shall conform to the requirementsof Table 2. For sleeving not listed in Table 2, the nominall

24、ength per unit mass shall be agreed upon between thepurchaser and the supplier. The average length per unit massshall be within the interval: nominal length per unit mass 610 % of the nominal length per unit mass.16. Length Per Package16.1 The nominal length of braided tubular sleeving on eachpackag

25、e, such as a spool or serving tube, shall be no more than108 m (120 yd) nor less than 72 m (80 yd) unless otherwiseagreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier.16.2 Unless otherwise agreed upon between the purchaserand the supplier, no piece of braided tubular sleeving shall beless than 14 m (

26、15 yd) long and there shall be no more thanthree pieces in a package.16.3 None of the sample tubes or serving spools shallcontain more than the allowable pieces, and the combinedlength of all of the sample tubes or serving spools shall not beless than the combined length of those tubes or serving sp

27、oolson the identification labels.17. Ignition Loss17.1 The organic content of greige braided tubular sleevingshall be at least 1.0 % and no greater than 4.0 % unlessotherwise agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier.18. Visual Appearance18.1 The braided tubular sleeving shall be generally

28、uni-form in quality and condition, clean, smooth, and free offoreign particles and defects detrimental to fabrication, appear-ance, or performance.TABLE 1 Twist TolerancesTolerancesTurns per Centimetre:From zero to 0.4, incl 60.1 turn per centimetreOver 0.4 and up to and including4.060.2 turn per ce

29、ntimetreOver 4 65.0 % of the specified average twistTurns per Metre:From zero to 40, incl 610 turns per metreOver 40 and up to and including400620 turns per metreOver 400 65.0 % of the specified average twistTurns per Inch:From zero to 1, incl 6 0.25 turn per inchOver 1 and up to and including 10 60

30、.5 turn per inchOver 10 6 5.0 % of the specified average twistD58107218.2 The braided tubular sleeving in the laboratory samplefor the visual appearance shall be examined on both sides forthe defects listed in Table 4, and the acceptable quality levels(AQLs) shall be 0.65 major and 2.5 total (major

31、and minorcombined) defects per hundred units of braided tubular sleev-ing unless otherwise agreed upon between the purchaser andthe supplier.SAMPLING AND CONDITIONING19. Sampling19.1 Lot SizeA lot is defined as a single shipment of asingle type of braided tubular sleeving. A lot may constitute allor

32、 part of a single customer order.19.2 Lot SampleUnless otherwise agreed upon, take atrandom as a lot sample the number of tubes or serving spoolsof braided tubular sleeving specified in ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 anda single sampling plan.19.3 Laboratory SampleAs a laboratory sample, take thefollowing samples:1

33、9.3.1 For visual appearance and length of braided tubularsleeving, the tubes or serving spools in the lot sample serve asthe laboratory sample.19.3.2 For other properties, take at random from the tubes orserving spools in the lot sample the number of tubes or servingspools specified in Table 5.19.4

34、Test SpecimensFor visual appearance and braidedtubular sleeving length, the tubes or serving spools in the lotsample serve as test specimens. For other properties, takematerial from the outside of each tube or serving spool in thelaboratory sample as a source of test specimens required in therespect

35、ive test methods in this specification after first discard-ing a minimum of 1 m (1 yd) from the very outside of the tubeor serving spool.20. Conditioning20.1 Condition the laboratory samples for a period of atleast5hintheatmosphere as specified in Practice D 1776. Testunder the same conditions. Prec

36、onditioning is not required.NOTE 1Glass textiles are normally tested under either the atmospherespecified for textiles or for plastics depending on their end use.TABLE 2 Physical Properties of Typical Continuous Filament Glass Type G Braided Tubular SleevingIndustry SizeDesignation, in.Inside Diamet

37、er Wall Thickness Length Per Unit Massmm in. mm in. m/kg yd/lbStyle A:116 1.6 0.063 0.20 0.008 473 23518 3.2 0.125 0.20 0.008 225 112316 5.0 0.188 0.20 0.008 172 8514 6.3 0.250 0.20 0.008 134 66516 8.0 0.313 0.20 0.008 114 5738 10.0 0.375 0.20 0.008 93 4612 12.5 0.500 0.20 0.008 85 4258 16.0 0.625 0

38、.20 0.008 71 3534 19.0 0.750 0.20 0.008 62 3178 22.4 0.875 0.20 0.008 58 291 25.0 1.000 0.20 0.008 43 21Style B:116 1.6 0.063 0.15 0.006 763 37818 3.2 0.125 0.15 0.006 422 209316 5.0 0.188 0.15 0.006 308 15314 6.3 0.250 0.15 0.006 243 121516 8.0 0.313 0.15 0.006 183 9138 10.0 0.375 0.15 0.006 145 72

39、12 12.5 0.500 0.15 0.006 115 57TABLE 3 TolerancesInside DiameterIndustry SizeDesignation,mm (in.)Tolerance, mm Tolerance, in.1.6 (116) +0.40 +0.01503.2 (18) +0.40 +0.01505.0 (316) +0.40 +0.01506.3 (14) +0.80 +0.03108.0 (516) +0.80 +0.031010.0 (38) +0.80 +0.0310Over 10.0 (38) +1.60 +0.0620TABLE 4 Vis

40、ual Examination of Braided Tubular SleevingDefectAClassificationMajor MinorHoles, cuts, tears XSpots or stains:12 mm (12 in.) or more in length XLess than 12 mm (12 in.) inlengthXTender or weak sections XBroken or missing yarns XDirty yarns XAClearly visible at normal inspection distance of approxim

41、ately1mor3ft.TABLE 5 Sample Size Determination for Construction andPhysical PropertiesLot Size in Units, m or ydSample Size, Numberof Units800 or less 2801 up to and including 22 000 322 001 and over 5D581073TEST METHODS21. Material21.1 Accept the supplier certification that the material is ofthe co

42、rrect classification as specified in Specification D 578.Verify that the fiber is continuous filament, if not specifiedotherwise, during testing for strand construction as directed inSection 24. Determine the freedom from detrimental impuritiesduring the inspection for fabric appearances as directed

43、 inSection 35.22. Filament Diameter22.1 Determine the filament diameter for the braided tubularsleeving yarns as directed in Specification D 578 by using 50individual filaments from one yarn specimen from each of theselected tubes or serving spools in the laboratory sample.23. Yarn Number-Sleeving C

44、omponent Yarns23.1 Determine the size-free yarn number in tex (or yardsper pound) of the yarns in the braided tubular sleeving asdirected in Test Method D 1907, Option 1, using a skein lengthof1mor1ydforeach specimen and one specimen from eachof the selected tubes or serving spools in the laboratory

45、 sample.23.1.1 Precondition by placing test specimens in a mufflefurnace and heat to 625 6 25C (1157 6 45F) for 15 min,then cool to room temperature for 15 min.24. Strand Construction24.1 Verify the number of singles strands and the number ofplied or cabled strands on one test specimen from each of

46、theselected tubes or serving spools in the laboratory sample whiledetermining the twist direction or twist level. See Section 21.25. Direction of Twist25.1 Verify the direction of twist in each strand of the yarnsof the braided tubular sleeving as directed in Test MethodD 1423 for one test specimen

47、from each of the selected tubesor serving spools in the laboratory sample.26. Twist Level26.1 Determine the twist level in each of the componentstrands in the braided tubular sleeving as directed in TestMethod D 1423 upon five test specimens from each of theselected tubes or serving spools in the la

48、boratory sample.27. Ends Per Carrier27.1 Verify the ends per carrier in the braided tubularsleeving for one test specimen from each of the selected tubesor serving spools in the laboratory sample. This is determinedby cutting through a length of braided tubular sleeving at rightangles to the axis of

49、 the braided sleeving and then counting thenumber of cut yarn ends observed in each weave of the braidedtubular sleeving.28. Number of Carriers28.1 Verify the number of carriers in the braided tubularsleeving for one test specimen from each of the selected tubesor serving spools in the laboratory sample. This is determinedwhile making ends per carrier determinations and counting thetotal number of cut yarn ends observed and dividing by theends per carrier.29. Picks Per Unit Length29.1 Determine the picks per centimetre (picks per inc