ASTM D149-2009 Standard Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials at Commercial Power Frequencies《固体电绝缘材料在商用电源频率.pdf
《ASTM D149-2009 Standard Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials at Commercial Power Frequencies《固体电绝缘材料在商用电源频率.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D149-2009 Standard Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials at Commercial Power Frequencies《固体电绝缘材料在商用电源频率.pdf(13页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D149 09An American National StandardStandard Test Method forDielectric Breakdown Voltage and Dielectric Strength ofSolid Electrical Insulating Materials at Commercial PowerFrequencies1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D149; the number immediately following the designat
2、ion indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by age
3、ncies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers procedures for the determina-tion of dielectric strength of solid insulating materials atcommercial power frequencies, under specified conditions.2,31.2 Unless otherwise specified, the tests shall be made at 60Hz. However, this
4、test method is suitable for use at anyfrequency from 25 to 800 Hz. At frequencies above 800 Hz,dielectric heating is a potential problem.1.3 This test method is intended to be used in conjunctionwith any ASTM standard or other document that refers to thistest method. References to this document need
5、 to specify theparticular options to be used (see 5.5).1.4 It is suitable for use at various temperatures, and in anysuitable gaseous or liquid surrounding medium.1.5 This test method is not intended for measuring thedielectric strength of materials that are fluid under the condi-tions of test.1.6 T
6、his test method is not intended for use in determiningintrinsic dielectric strength, direct-voltage dielectric strength,or thermal failure under electrical stress (see Test MethodD3151).1.7 This test method is most commonly used to determinethe dielectric breakdown voltage through the thickness of a
7、 testspecimen (puncture). It is also suitable for use to determinedielectric breakdown voltage along the interface between asolid specimen and a gaseous or liquid surrounding medium(flashover). With the addition of instructions modifying Sec-tion 12, this test method is also suitable for use for pro
8、oftesting.1.8 This test method is similar to IEC Publication 243-1.Allprocedures in this method are included in IEC 243-1. Differ-ences between this method and IEC 243-1 are largely editorial.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It
9、 is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazardstatements are given in Section 7. Also see 6.4.1.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:4D374 Test Meth
10、ods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insu-lationD618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD877 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage ofInsulating Liquids Using Disk ElectrodesD1711 Terminology Relating to Electrical InsulationD2413 Practice for Preparation of Insulating Paper andBoa
11、rd Impregnated with a Liquid DielectricD3151 Test Method for Thermal Failure of Solid ElectricalInsulating Materials Under Electric Stress5D3487 Specification for Mineral Insulating Oil Used inElectrical ApparatusD5423 Specification for Forced-Convection LaboratoryOvens for Evaluation of Electrical
12、Insulation2.2 IEC Standard:Pub. 243-1 Methods of Test for Electrical Strength of SolidInsulating MaterialsPart 1: Tests at Power Frequencies61This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 onElectrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommit
13、tee D09.12 on Electrical Tests.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published November 2009. Originallyapproved in 1922. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D149 97a(2004).DOI: 10.1520/D0149-09.2Bartnikas, R., Chapter 3, “High Voltage Measurements,” Electrical Proper-ties of Solid Insulating
14、 Materials, Measurement Techniques ,Vol. IIB, EngineeringDielectrics, R. Bartnikas, Editor, ASTM STP 926, ASTM, Philadelphia, 1987 .3Nelson, J. K., Chapter 5, “Dielectric Breakdown of Solids,” ElectricalProperties of Solid Insulating Materials: Molecular Structure and ElectricalBehavior, Vol. IIA, E
15、ngineering Dielectrics, R. Bartnikas and R. M. Eichorn,Editors, ASTM STP 783, ASTM, Philadelphia, 19834For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards
16、Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.5Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.6Available from International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), 3 rue deVaremb, Case postale 131, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iec.ch.1*A Summary of
17、Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.2.3 ANSI Standard:C68.1 Techniques for Dielectric Tests, IEEE Standard No.473. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 dielectric breakdown v
18、oltage (electric breakdownvoltage), nthe potential difference at which dielectric failureoccurs under prescribed conditions in an electrical insulatingmaterial located between two electrodes. (See also AppendixX1.)3.1.1.1 DiscussionThe term dielectric breakdown voltageis sometimes shortened to “brea
19、kdown voltage.”3.1.2 dielectric failure (under test), nan event that isevidenced by an increase in conductance in the dielectric undertest limiting the electric field that can be sustained.3.1.3 dielectric strength, nthe voltage gradient at whichdielectric failure of the insulating material occurs u
20、nder spe-cific conditions of test.3.1.4 electric strength, nsee dielectric strength.3.1.4.1 DiscussionInternationally, “electric strength” isused almost universally.3.1.5 flashover, na disruptive electrical discharge at thesurface of electrical insulation or in the surrounding medium,which may or ma
21、y not cause permanent damage to theinsulation.3.1.6 For definitions of other terms relating to solid insulat-ing materials, refer to Terminology D1711.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Alternating voltage at a commercial power frequency(60 Hz, unless otherwise specified) is applied to a testspecimen. The
22、 voltage is increased from zero or from a levelwell below the breakdown voltage, in one of three prescribedmethods of voltage application, until dielectric failure of thetest specimen occurs.4.2 Most commonly, the test voltage is applied using simpletest electrodes on opposite faces of specimens. Th
23、e options forthe specimens are that they be molded or cast, or cut from flatsheet or plate. Other electrode and specimen configurations arealso suitable for use to accommodate the geometry of thesample material, or to simulate a specific application for whichthe material is being evaluated.5. Signif
24、icance and Use5.1 The dielectric strength of an electrical insulating mate-rial is a property of interest for any application where anelectrical field will be present. In many cases the dielectricstrength of a material will be the determining factor in thedesign of the apparatus in which it is to be
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