ASTM E2373 E2373M-2014 Standard Practice for Use of the Ultrasonic Time of Flight Diffraction (TOFD) Technique《飞行衍射时间 (TOFD) 超声技术使用的标准实施规程》.pdf
《ASTM E2373 E2373M-2014 Standard Practice for Use of the Ultrasonic Time of Flight Diffraction (TOFD) Technique《飞行衍射时间 (TOFD) 超声技术使用的标准实施规程》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM E2373 E2373M-2014 Standard Practice for Use of the Ultrasonic Time of Flight Diffraction (TOFD) Technique《飞行衍射时间 (TOFD) 超声技术使用的标准实施规程》.pdf(15页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation:E237309E2373/E2373M14 Standard Practice for Use of the Ultrasonic Time of Flight Diffraction (TOFD) Technique 1 ThisstandardisissuedunderthexeddesignationE2373;E2373/E2373M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the
2、 year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval. 1. Scope Scope* 1.1 This practice establishes the requirements for developing ultrasonic examination procedures using t
3、he ultrasonic technique known as Time-of-Flight Diffraction (TOFD). 1.2 ConsistentwithASTMPolicy,TOFDmayberegardedasanultrasonictestmethodwherebythequalitiesandcharacteristics of the item tested are evaluated, measured and in some cases identied. Measurements may be subject to precision and bias tha
4、t may be determined statistically or as a function of some parameter(s) such as wavelength. This practice may be used for applicationsthatwouldbequalitativeandproperlyaddressedasexaminationsaswellasquantitativeandmoreproperlyaddressed as tests. 1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound
5、units are to be regarded as standard. Inch-pound units are provided for information.separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conforma
6、nce with the standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
7、 to use. 2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: 2 E164Practice for Contact Ultrasonic Testing of Weldments E543Specication for Agencies Performing Nondestructive Testing E1065Practice for Evaluating Characteristics of Ultrasonic Search Units E1316Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations E132
8、4Guide for Measuring Some Electronic Characteristics of Ultrasonic Testing Instruments E1961Practice for Mechanized Ultrasonic Testing of Girth Welds Using Zonal Discrimination with Focused Search Units 2.2 ASNT Documents: 3 SNT-TC-1ARecommended Practice for Nondestructive Testing Personnel Qualicat
9、ion and Certication ANSI/ASNT CP-189Standard for Qualication and Certication of Nondestructive Testing Personnel 2.3 Aerospace Industries Association Document: 4 NAS-410Certication and Qualication of Nondestructive Testing Personnel 2.4 ISO Standard: 5 ISO 9712Non-destructive TestingQualication and
10、Certication of NDT Personnel 2.5 Other Documents: BS 7706 (1993)Guide to Calibration and Setting-up of the Ultrasonic Time-of-Flight Diffraction (TOFD) Technique for Detection, Location and Sizing of Flaws, British Standards Institute, 1993 5 1 ThispracticeisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE07onN
11、ondestructiveTestingandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeE07.06onUltrasonicMethod. Current edition approved June 1, 2009June 1, 2014. Published July 2009June 2014. Originally approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 20042009 as E2373-04.E2373-09. DOI: 10.1520/E2373-09.10.1520/E2373_E
12、2373M-14. 2 ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatserviceastm.org.ForAnnualBookofASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website. 3 Available from American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT)
13、, P.O. Box 28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http:/www.asnt.org. 4 Available from Aerospace Industries Association of America, Inc. (AIA), 1000 Wilson Blvd., Suite 1700, Arlington, VA 22209-3928, http:/www.aia-aerospace.org. 5 Available from BSI Management Systems, 12110 Sunset Hil
14、ls Road, Suite 140, Reston VA 20190.International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de la Voie-Creuse, CP 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iso.org. This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes
15、 have been made to the previous version. Because it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the offici
16、al document. *ASummary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States 1Code Case 2235ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code 6 EN583-6 Non-destructiveTesting:UltrasonicExamination.T
17、ime-of-ightDiffractionTechniqueasaMethodforDetectionand Sizing of Discontinuities 3. Terminology 3.1 DenitionsRelated terminology is dened in Terminology E1316. 3.2 Denitions of Terms Specic to This Standard: 3.2.1 B-scan displaya sectional view of the plotted inspection data formed by the stacking
18、ofA-scans. (Some users refer to stacked A-scans from non-parallel scans as D-scans and reserve those used with parallel scans as B-scans.) 3.2.2 back-wall echoa specular reection from the back-wall of the component being examined (usually assumed to be a plate). 3.2.3 lateral waveacompressionwavetha
19、ttravelsbythemostdirectroutefromthetransmittingprobetothereceivingprobe in a TOFD conguration. 3.2.4 parallel scanascanwherebytheprobepairmotionisparalleltotheultrasonicbeamaxis.AlsocalledaB-scanbysome users. 3.2.5 PCSabbreviation for probe center spacing. Refers to the distance between the marked e
20、xit points of a pair of TOFD probes for a specic application. 3.2.6 non-parallel or longitudinal scana scan whereby the probe pair motion is perpendicular to the ultrasonic beam axis. 3.2.7 RF waveformsthe non-rectied A-scan. 4. Signicance and Use 4.1 This practice provides general principles for th
21、e application of the Time-of-Flight Diffraction Technique as a tool for detection and sizing of discontinuities. 4.2 TOFD is a nondestructive ultrasonic examination technique that is not based on amplitude response. However, sufficient sensitivity is required to identify indications for evaluation.
22、4.3 Techniques used are typically applied to welded joints in carbon steel but the principles may be applicable to other applications including other materials with suitable validation procedures agreeable to the contracting parties. 4.4 In addition to a stand-alone ultrasonic detection techniqueTOF
23、D may be used in conjunction with weld examinations such as those described in Practices E164 and E1961 where it may be used to improve sizing estimates of aws detected by the manual or mechanized pulse-echo techniques and help discriminate between aws and geometric reectors. 4.5 The technique has p
24、roven effective on thicknesses from 9 to 300 mm (0.3750.375 to 12 in.).in. TOFD has been used on thicknesses outside of this range but special considerations are necessary.Techniques developed outside of this range of thickness shall be demonstrated as capable of meeting the required detection and s
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