ARMY UFGS-31 00 00-2008 EARTHWORK《土方工程》.pdf

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1、*USACE / NAVFAC / AFCESA / NASA UFGS-31 00 00 (August 2008)-Preparing Activity: USACE SupersedingUFGS-31 00 00 (July 2006)UNIFIED FACILITIES GUIDE SPECIFICATIONSReferences are in agreement with UMRL dated July 2008*SECTION TABLE OF CONTENTSDIVISION 31 - EARTHWORKSECTION 31 00 00EARTHWORK08/08PART 1

2、GENERAL1.1 MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES1.1.1 Excavation1.1.2 Piping Trench Excavation1.1.3 Rock Excavation for Trenches1.1.4 Topsoil Requirements1.1.5 Overhaul Requirements1.1.6 Select Granular Material1.2 PAYMENT PROCEDURES1.2.1 Classified Excavation1.2.2 Piping Trench Excavation1.2.3 Rock Excavation for

3、 Trenches1.2.4 Unclassified Excavation1.2.5 Classified Borrow1.2.6 Unclassified Borrow1.2.7 Authorized Overhaul1.2.8 Sheeting and Bracing1.2.8.1 Timber Sheeting1.2.8.2 Steel Sheeting and Soldier Piles1.3 CRITERIA FOR BIDDING1.4 REFERENCES1.5 DEFINITIONS1.5.1 Satisfactory Materials1.5.2 Unsatisfactor

4、y Materials1.5.3 Cohesionless and Cohesive Materials1.5.4 Degree of Compaction1.5.5 Overhaul1.5.6 Topsoil1.5.7 Hard/Unyielding Materials1.5.8 Rock1.5.9 Unstable Material1.5.10 Select Granular Material1.5.10.1 General Requirements1.5.10.2 California Bearing Ratio Values1.5.11 Initial Backfill Materia

5、lSECTION 31 00 00 Page 1Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-1.5.12 Expansive Soils1.5.13 Nonfrost Susceptible (NFS) Material1.5.14 Pile Supported Structure1.6 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION1.6.1 Classification of Excavation1.6.1.1 Common Excavation1.

6、6.1.2 Rock Excavation1.6.2 Blasting1.6.3 Dewatering Work Plan1.7 SUBMITTALSPART 2 PRODUCTS2.1 REQUIREMENTS FOR OFFSITE SOILS2.2 BURIED WARNING AND IDENTIFICATION TAPE2.2.1 Warning Tape for Metallic Piping2.2.2 Detectable Warning Tape for Non-Metallic Piping2.3 DETECTION WIRE FOR NON-METALLIC PIPING2

7、.4 MATERIAL FOR RIP-RAP2.4.1 Bedding Material2.4.2 Grout2.4.3 Rock2.5 CAPILLARY WATER BARRIER2.6 PIPE CASING2.6.1 Casing Pipe2.6.2 Wood SupportsPART 3 EXECUTION3.1 STRIPPING OF TOPSOIL3.2 GENERAL EXCAVATION3.2.1 Ditches, Gutters, and Channel Changes3.2.2 Drainage Structures3.2.3 Drainage3.2.4 Dewate

8、ring3.2.5 Trench Excavation Requirements3.2.5.1 Bottom Preparation3.2.5.2 Removal of Unyielding Material3.2.5.3 Removal of Unstable Material3.2.5.4 Excavation for Appurtenances3.2.5.5 Jacking, Boring, and Tunneling3.2.6 Underground Utilities3.2.7 Structural Excavation3.3 SELECTION OF BORROW MATERIAL

9、3.4 OPENING AND DRAINAGE OF EXCAVATION AND BORROW PITS3.5 SHORING3.5.1 General Requirements3.5.2 Geotechnical Engineer3.6 GRADING AREAS3.7 FINAL GRADE OF SURFACES TO SUPPORT CONCRETE3.8 GROUND SURFACE PREPARATION3.8.1 General Requirements3.8.2 Frozen Material3.9 UTILIZATION OF EXCAVATED MATERIALS3.1

10、0 BURIED TAPE AND DETECTION WIRE3.10.1 Buried Warning and Identification Tape3.10.2 Buried Detection Wire3.11 BACKFILLING AND COMPACTION3.11.1 Trench BackfillSECTION 31 00 00 Page 2Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-3.11.1.1 Replacement

11、of Unyielding Material3.11.1.2 Replacement of Unstable Material3.11.1.3 Bedding and Initial Backfill3.11.1.4 Final Backfill3.11.2 Backfill for Appurtenances3.12 SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS3.12.1 Gas Distribution3.12.2 Water Lines3.12.3 Heat Distribution System3.12.4 Electrical Distribution System3.12.5 Sew

12、age Absorption Trenches or Pits3.12.5.1 Porous Fill3.12.5.2 Cover3.12.6 Pipeline Casing3.12.6.1 Bore Holes3.12.6.2 Cleaning3.12.6.3 End Seals3.12.7 Rip-Rap Construction3.12.7.1 Bedding Placement3.12.7.2 Stone Placement3.12.7.3 Grouting3.13 EMBANKMENTS3.13.1 Earth Embankments3.13.2 Rock Embankments3.

13、14 SUBGRADE PREPARATION3.14.1 Proof Rolling3.14.2 Construction3.14.3 Compaction3.14.3.1 Subgrade for Railroads3.14.3.2 Subgrade for Pavements3.14.3.3 Subgrade for Shoulders3.14.3.4 Subgrade for Airfield Pavements3.15 SHOULDER CONSTRUCTION3.16 FINISHING3.16.1 Subgrade and Embankments3.16.2 Capillary

14、Water Barrier3.16.3 Grading Around Structures3.17 PLACING TOPSOIL3.18 TESTING3.18.1 Fill and Backfill Material Gradation3.18.2 In-Place Densities3.18.3 Check Tests on In-Place Densities3.18.4 Moisture Contents3.18.5 Optimum Moisture and Laboratory Maximum Density3.18.6 Tolerance Tests for Subgrades3

15、.18.7 Displacement of Sewers3.19 DISPOSITION OF SURPLUS MATERIAL- End of Section Table of Contents -SECTION 31 00 00 Page 3Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-*USACE / NAVFAC / AFCESA / NASA UFGS-31 00 00 (August 2008)-Preparing Activity:

16、 USACE SupersedingUFGS-31 00 00 (July 2006)UNIFIED FACILITIES GUIDE SPECIFICATIONSReferences are in agreement with UMRL dated July 2008*SECTION 31 00 00EARTHWORK08/08*NOTE: This guide specification covers the requirements for earthwork activities for buildings, utilities, roadways, railroads, and ai

17、rfields.Edit this guide specification for project specific requirements by adding, deleting, or revising text. For bracketed items, choose applicable items(s) or insert appropriate information.Remove information and requirements not required in respective project, whether or not brackets are present

18、.Comments and suggestions on this guide specification are welcome and should be directed to the technical proponent of the specification. A listing of technical proponents, including their organization designation and telephone number, is on the Internet.Recommended changes to a UFGS should be submi

19、tted as a Criteria Change Request (CCR).This guide specification includes tailoring options for topsoil and borrow. Selection or deselection of a tailoring option will include or exclude that option in the section, but editing the resulting section to fit the project is still required.*PART 1 GENERA

20、L*NOTE: Consult with a soils engineer while editing this section to determine specific requirements for each job.The following information will be indicated on the project drawings:1. Surface elevations, existing and new;SECTION 31 00 00 Page 4Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networki

21、ng permitted without license from IHS-,-,-2. Location of underground obstructions and existing utilities;3. Location and record of soil borings and test pits. Include ground water observations and topsoil thickness encountered in boring, soil classifications, and properties such as moisture content

22、and Atterberg limit determinations;4. Location of borrow and disposal area if located on Government property;5. Clearing stripping and grubbing limits, if different from clearing limits;6. Areas to be seeded;7. Hydrological data where available;8. Shoring and sheeting required (trench protection is

23、specified in Corps of Engineers Manual EM 385-1-1); and9. Pipe trench excavation details.10. Location and limits of hard material (rocks);11. Details of special construction such as under railroad and highways right-of-way requirements for jacking and boring;12. Details of sewage absorption trenches

24、, absorption pits, and subsurface drains.*1.1 MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES*NOTE: These paragraphs will be deleted when lump-sum payment for work under this section is desired and when the work covered by this section is included in one lump-sum contract price for the entire work covered by the Invitation

25、for Bids.*1.1.1 ExcavationThe unit of measurement for excavation and borrow will be the cubic meter yard, computed by the average end area method from cross sections taken before and after the excavation and borrow operations, including the excavation for ditches, gutters, and channel changes, when

26、the material is acceptably utilized or disposed of as herein specified. The measurements will include authorized excavation of rock (except for piping trenches that is covered below), authorized excavation of unsatisfactory subgrade soil, and the volume of loose, scattered rocks and boulders collect

27、ed within the limits of the work; allowance will be made on the same basis for selected backfill ordered as replacement. The measurement will not include the volume of subgrade material or other material that is scarified or plowed SECTION 31 00 00 Page 5Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction

28、or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-and reused in-place, and will not include the volume excavated without authorization or the volume of any material used for purposes other than directed. The volume of overburden stripped from borrow pits and the volume of excavation for ditches t

29、o drain borrow pits, unless used as borrow material, will not be measured for payment. The measurement will not include the volume of any excavation performed prior to the taking of elevations and measurements of the undisturbed grade.1.1.2 Piping Trench Excavation*NOTE: This paragraph will be coord

30、inated with the payment paragraphs of appropriate contract sections to ensure that there are no dual payments or omission of payment for trench excavation. There should be separate payment items established for trench excavation for each different size of pipe in the contract. Payment for trench exc

31、avation for heat-distribution system and for underground electrical-distribution system may be excluded for payment from this paragraph, and included in payment under the appropriate utility section, when the work is of such a nature and extent and so clearly indicated that the excavation quantities

32、 involved can be estimated with reasonable accuracy.*Measure trench excavation by the number of linear meters feet along the centerline of the trench and excavate to the depths and widths specified for the particular size of pipe. Replace unstable trench bottoms with a selected granular material. In

33、clude the additional width at manholes and similar structures, the furnishing, placing and removal of sheeting and bracing, pumping and bailing, and all incidentals necessary to complete the work required by this section.1.1.3 Rock Excavation for Trenches*NOTE: Delete this paragraph when not require

34、d in the project.*Measure and pay for rock excavation by the number of cubic meters yards of acceptably excavated rock material. Measure the material in place, but base volume on a maximum 750 mm 30 inch width for pipes 300 mm 12 inch in diameter or less, and a maximum width of 400 mm 16 inch greate

35、r than the outside diameter of the pipe for pipes over 300 mm 12 inch in diameter. Provide the measurement to include all authorized overdepth rock excavation as determined by the Contracting Officer. For manholes and other appurtenances, compute volumes of rock excavation on the basis of 300 mm 1 f

36、oot outside of the wall lines of the structures.1.1.4 Topsoil RequirementsSeparate excavation, hauling, and spreading or piling of topsoil and related miscellaneous operations will be considered subsidiary obligations of the Contractor, covered under the contract unit price for excavation.SECTION 31

37、 00 00 Page 6Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-1.1.5 Overhaul RequirementsAllow the unit of measurement for overhaul to be the station-meter station-yard. The overhaul distance will be the distance in stations between the center of volu

38、me of the overhaul material in its original position and the center of volume after placing, minus the free-haul distance in stations. The haul distance will be measured along the shortest route determined by the Contracting Officer as feasible and satisfactory. Do no measure or waste unsatisfactory

39、 materials for overhaul where the length of haul for borrow is within the free-haul limits.1.1.6 Select Granular MaterialMeasure select granular material in place as the actual cubic meters yards replacing wet or unstable material in trench bottoms within the limits shown in authorized overdepth are

40、as. Provide unit prices which include furnishing and placing the granular material, excavation and disposal of unsatisfactory material, and additional requirements for sheeting and bracing, pumping, bailing, cleaning, and other incidentals necessary to complete the work.1.2 PAYMENT PROCEDURES*NOTE:

41、When lump-sum payment for work under this section is desired, these paragraphs will be revised accordingly. These paragraphs will be deleted when the work covered by this section is included in one lump-sum contract price for the entire work covered by the Invitation for Bids. Payment for overhaul w

42、ill be separate from excavation and borrow.*Payment will constitute full compensation for all labor, equipment, tools, supplies, and incidentals necessary to complete the work.1.2.1 Classified ExcavationClassified excavation will be paid for at the contract unit prices per cubicmeter yard for common

43、 or rock excavation.1.2.2 Piping Trench ExcavationPayment for trench excavation will constitute full payment for excavation and backfilling, including specified overdepth except in rock or unstable trench bottoms.1.2.3 Rock Excavation for Trenches*NOTE: Delete this paragraph when not required in the

44、 project.*Payment for rock excavation will be made in addition to the price bid for the trench excavation, and will include all necessary drilling and blasting and all incidentals necessary to excavate and dispose of the rock. Select granular material, used as backfill replacing rock excavation, will not be paid for separately, but will be included in the unit pric