ANSI ISEA Z358.1-2014 American National Standard for Emergency Eyewash and Shower Equipment.pdf

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1、A N S I / I S E A Z358.1-2014 American National Standard for Emergency Eyewash and Shower Equipment ANSI/ISEA Z358.1-2014 Revision of ANSI/ISEA Z358.1-2009 American National Standard for Emergency Eyewash and Shower Equipment Secretariat International Safety Equipment Association Approved January 8,

2、 2015 American National Standards Institute, Inc. American National Standard Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensus is established wh

3、en, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered

4、, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he/she has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, proc

5、esses, or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstance give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an Amer

6、ican National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretation should be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title page of this standard. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any tim

7、e. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years from the date of publication. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or w

8、riting the American National Standards Institute. Published by International Safety Equipment Association 1901 North Moore Street, Suite 808, Arlington, Virginia 22209 Copyright by ISEA All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system

9、or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America Foreword (This Foreword is not part of American National Standard ANSI/ISEA Z358.1-2014) This revision updates ANSI Z358.1-2009 and was prepared by the Emergency Eyewash and Shower Group of t

10、he International Safety Equipment Association, whose members are thoroughly knowledgeable in the design, installation, and use of this important safety equipment. The following companies were members of the group at the time of the approval of the standard: Bradley Corporation, Encon Safety Products

11、, FSI International, Guardian Equipment, Honeywell Safety Products, Hughes Safety Showers, Prevor, Inc., Sellstrom Manufacturing, Speakman Company, and VisionAid. Updates to the 2009 version of the standard are reflected in this document, including improvement in language to emphasize that the locat

12、ion of the fluid flow and pattern delivery for emergency eyewashes and eye/face washes is the critical aspect in designing and installing these devices, rather than the positioning of the nozzles themselves. Additionally, illustrations have been updated to reflect contemporary design configurations

13、that are known to meet the criteria in standard. Suggestions for the improvement of this standard are welcome. They should be sent to the ISEA, 1901 N. Moore Street, Suite 808, Arlington, VA 22209 or iseasafetyequipment.org. This standard was processed and approved using consensus procedures prescri

14、bed by the American National Standards Institute. The following organizations were contacted prior to the approval of this standard. Inclusion in this list does not necessarily imply that the organization concurred with the submittal of the proposed standard to ANSI. Acorn Safety APPA, Leadership in

15、 Educational Facilities Alabama Power Company Arts, Crafts ;:;:( : ;-“ :-_c II -,- rf= “ ; : “=r , , JC “-“ , , , 1753cm (69in) Maximum 050.8cm (20in) Minimum 152.4cm (60inJ Standing Surface AI Least 208.3cm (82in,) No more than 243.8cm (96in.) from Standing Surface ANSI/ISEA Z358.1-2014 Page 12 Ill

16、ustration 2 Emergency Shower Multi-Nozzle ANSI/ISEA Z358.1-2014 Page 13 Illustration 3 Emergency Shower Multi-Nozzle with Overhead Fixture ANSI/ISEA Z358.1-2014 Page 14 Illustration 4 Plumbed Eyewash ANSI/ISEA Z358.1-2014 Page 15 Illustration 5 Non-Pressurized Self-Contained Eyewash Illustration 6 P

17、ressurized Self-Contained Eyewash ANSI/ISEA Z358.1-2014 Page 16 Illustration 7 Typical Eyewash Gauge Illustration 8 Eye/Face Wash ANSI/ISEA Z358.1-2014 Page 17 Illustration 9 Combination Unit I -t- -,/ , -/ +-+J “ / / 40.6 em( 16 in. ) minimum “, I /, rod i us unobstructed j -, Note: The eewashis no

18、t -_ ; cons j dered an “obstruct ion“ . / I , , , , / I / j “ I / “ I / i ,-t-“J l At l ease 20B . Jcm 182 in. lbut no more than 2 43.8 em (96 in. ) (rom the Ston dond Surfoce I 50.Bcm 120 in.) I Mi n imum I l 1“1 ) “-( 1)/ 175 , 3 cm I6gin.) Maximu m (rom t he Standing Surfoce 152 . 4 em (60 in.) N

19、ot less t han 83.8 em JJ in.l but no more thon 134.6 cml SJ in .) (rom the Standing Sur (ace standing SurPace ANSI/ISEA Z358.1-2014 Page 18 Illustration 10 Personal Wash Units Illustration 11 Illustration 12 Drench Hose Drench Hose with Eyewash Attachment ANSI/ISEA Z358.1-2014 Page 19 Appendices (Th

20、e appendices are not part of ANSI/ISEA Z358.1-2014, but are included for information only.) APPENDIX A SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS A1. Personal Wash Unit The first seconds following an eye injury are often critical to keeping eye injury to a minimum. A personal wash unit may be kept in the immediate vicin

21、ity of employees working in a potentially hazardous area. The main purpose of these units is to supply immediate flushing. With this accomplished, the injured individual should then proceed to a plumbed or self-contained eyewash and flush the eyes for the required 15-minute period. A2. First Aid Pra

22、ctices A physician or other appropriate professional should provide guidance on specific workplace hazards and should provide instruction on the use of emergency eyewash and shower equipment. A3. Waste Disposal Consideration should be given to the proper disposal of waste flushing fluids from operat

23、ing emergency eyewash and shower equipment. Freezing temperatures, drainage, elevated showers and pollutants are some, but not all, of the considerations. Consult authorities for assistance with applicable local, state and federal regulations. A4. Personal Protective Equipment Emergency eyewash and

24、shower equipment is not a substitute for proper primary protective devices. As a defense against flying solid particles and splashing injurious liquids, workers should wear personal protective equipment as needed. ANSI/ISEA Z358.1-2014 Page 20 APPENDIX B INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS B1. Supply Lines

25、Installation procedures should be in accordance with proper plumbing practices and supply piping adequately sized to meet flow requirements. B2. Water Capacity The ANSI/ISEA Z358.1-201x standard includes reference to a flow pressure of 207 kPa (30 psi) only in the certification-related sections for

26、plumbed equipment. This is to ensure that the testing for certification purposes is consistent and that reproducible results can be generated regardless of the laboratory conducting the testing. It is the responsibility of the designer and owner to ensure proper flushing fluid delivery at possible l

27、ow points of pressure in the plumbing system and to ensure that the plumbed equipment is installed in accordance with the flushing fluid delivery requirements specified by the equipment manufacturer. The weekly activation of plumbed emergency eyewash and shower equipment is to be conducted at normal

28、 facility operating pressures. Excess flow pressure can deliver water to the equipment at velocities that could injure the user or render the equipment inoperable. Caution should be exercised with flow pressures over 0.552 kPa (80 psi). B3. Valve Operation In the interest of safety, a control valve

29、remaining open is most desirable to allow the user the use of both hands for disrobing or holding the eyes open. However, a self-closing valve may be permitted in a school laboratory situation as a limited exception only where the enforcing authority is of the opinion that the hazard posed is not a

30、serious threat. B4. Alarm Devices In addition to the equipment identification required by ANSI/ISEA Z358.1-2014, users may also want to use audible alarms or warning lights to indicate that the unit is in operation. These are particularly important in remote areas. Many companies connect valves elec

31、trically to warning lights or buzzers in central dispatch areas to alert the appropriate authorities when the unit is in use. B5. Placement of Emergency Eyewash and Shower Equipment Emergency eyewash and shower equipment should be available for immediate use, but in no instance should it take an ind

32、ividual longer than 10 seconds to reach the nearest facility. There are several factors that might influence the location of emergency facilities. It is recognized that the average person covers a distance of approximately 55 ft. (16.8 m) in 10 seconds when walking at a normal pace. The physical and

33、 emotional state of a potential victim (visually impaired, with some level of discomfort/pain, and possibly in a state of panic) should be considered along with the likelihood of personnel in the immediate area to assist. The installer should also consider other potential hazards that may be adjacen

34、t to the path of travel that might cause further injury. A single step up into an enclosure where the equipment can be accessed is not considered to be an obstruction. Additionally, installers should allow for adequate overhead clearance to accommodate the presence of cabinets over counter- or fauce

35、t- mounted emergency eyewashes, so as not to create an additional hazard that could be encountered when using the device. A door is considered to be an obstruction. Where the hazard is not corrosive, one intervening door can be present so long as it opens in the same direction of travel as the perso

36、n attempting to reach the emergency eyewash and shower equipment and the door is equipped with a closing mechanism that cannot be locked to impede access to the equipment. ANSI/ISEA Z358.1-2014 Page 21 In situations that might warrant the placement of emergency eyewash and shower equipment close to

37、the hazard, such as exposure to highly corrosive chemicals, the appropriate professional should be contacted for advice on the proper distances. Equipment should be located adjacent to the hazard, but situated in such a manner such that exposure to the splash hazard or other hazards (e.g., exposed e

38、lectrical conductors) does not occur while using the eyewash. B6. Delivered Flushing Fluid Temperature Continuous and timely irrigation of affected tissues for the recommended irrigation period are the principal factors in providing first aid. Providing flushing fluid at temperatures conducive to us

39、e for the recommended irrigation period is considered an integral part of providing suitable facilities. Medical recommendations suggest a flushing fluid at tepid temperatures be delivered to affected chemically-injured tissue. Temperatures in excess of 38C (100F) have proven to be harmful to the ey

40、es and can enhance chemical interaction with the skin and eye tissue. Consideration should be given to the impact of isolated ambient temperature changes. Colder ambient temperature might require an enclosure for added protection. Warmer ambient temperature might require a re-evaluation of the water

41、 temperature. While cold flushing fluid temperatures provide immediate cooling after chemical contact, prolonged exposure to cold fluids affect the ability to maintain adequate body temperature and can result in the premature cessation of first aid treatment. Recent information indicates that a temp

42、erature of 16C (60F) is suitable for the lower parameter for tepid flushing fluid without causing hypothermia to the equipment user. B7. Weekly Activation for Plumbed Emergency Eyewash and Shower Equipment The intent of the weekly activation to be conducted on plumbed emergency eyewash and shower eq

43、uipment is to ensure that there is a flushing fluid supply at the head of the device and to clear the supply line of any sediment build-up that could prevent fluid from being delivered to the head of the device and minimize microbial contamination due to stagnant water. The duration of this test is

44、dependant on the volume of water contained in the unit itself and all sections of pipework that do not form part of a constant circulation system (also known as “dead leg” portions). Water in these sections is stagnant until a flow is activated by opening a valve. The goal is to flush out stagnant w

45、ater in the dead leg completely. Where mixing valves are used, both the hot water and cold water supplies to the valve must be considered. ANSI/ISEA Z358.1-2014 Page 22 REFERENCES Independent study results: Placement Dimension Verification, provided by Anthrotech, Yellow Springs, OH, 2002 ASPE Plumb

46、ing Engineering Design Handbook Vol. 4, Chapter 1, American Society of Plumbing Engineers, 2012 Emergency Eyewash and Shower Equipment: A Comprehensive Literature Review and Comparison, American Society of Plumbing Engineers Research Foundation, 2008 Clinical Ophthalmology, Harper & Row, 1992, Vol.

47、2, Chapter 21 Human Engineering Guide to Equipment Design, Woodson, W. E. and Conover, D. W., Army, Navy, Air Force Steering Committee, United States Government, 1972 Human Engineering Guide for Equipment Designers, University of California Press, 1964, 2nd ed. United States Air Force Flight Surgeons Manual, Chapter 20, 1991,Third ed. United States Coast Guard lifesaving and fire safety standards for commercial ships and recreational boats Cold Water Survival