ANSI INCITS ISO IEC 6937-2001 Information technology - Coded graphic character set for text communication - Latin alphabet.pdf

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1、 Reference numberISO/IEC 6937:2001(E)ISO/IEC 2001INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC6937Third edition2001-12-15Information technology Coded graphic character set for text communication Latin alphabet Technologies de linformation Jeu de caractres graphiques cods pour la transmission de texte Alphabet lati

2、n Adopted by INCITS (InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards) as an American National Standard.Date of ANSI Approval: 7/12/02Published by American National Standards Institute,25 West 43rd Street, New York, New York 10036Copyright 2002 by Information Technology Industry Council

3、(ITI).All rights reserved.These materials are subject to copyright claims of International Standardization Organization (ISO), InternationalElectrotechnical Commission (IEC), American National Standards Institute (ANSI), and Information Technology Industry Council(ITI). Not for resale. No part of th

4、is publication may be reproduced in any form, including an electronic retrieval system, withoutthe prior written permission of ITI. All requests pertaining to this standard should be submitted to ITI, 1250 Eye Street NW,Washington, DC 20005.Printed in the United States of AmericaISO/IEC 6937:2001(E)

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8、EC 2001 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in th

9、e country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.ch Web www.iso.ch Printed in Switzerland ii ISO/IEC 2001 All rights reserved ISO/IEC 6937:2001(E) ISO/IEC 2001 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Fore

10、word ivIntroduction v1 Scope 12 Conformance and implementation 12.1 Conformance 12.2 Implementation 23 Normative references 24 Terms and definitions35 Notation, code table and names 55.1 Notation 55.2 Code table 55.3 Names 56 Specifications of SPACE, NO-BREAK SPACE and SOFT HYPHEN 67 Composition of

11、the character repertoire 68 Specification of the coded character set 68.1 Character sets 68.2 Explanations concerning the code table 78.3 Coded representations of the graphic characters of the repertoire 79 Graphic character subrepertoires 810 Identification of options910.1Purpose and context of ide

12、ntification910.2 Identification of coding method 910.3 Identification of primary and supplementary sets 910.4 Identification of subrepertoire 9Annex A (normative) 7-bit code 20Annex B (informative) Method of definition of short identifiers of this International Standard 23Annex C (informative) Use o

13、f non-spacing diacritical marks 33Annex D (informative) Use of Latin alphabetic characters in various languages 34Annex E (informative) Alternative coded representation of the repertoirewith no non-spacing diacritical marks 38Annex F (informative) Main differences between the 1994 (second) edition o

14、f ISO/IEC 6937and the present (third) edition of this International Standard 39Bibliography 40ISO/IEC 6937:2001(E) iv ISO/IEC 2001 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system

15、 for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees coll

16、aborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. In the field of information t

17、echnology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies

18、casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO/IEC 6937 was prepared by Joint Techn

19、ical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 2, Coded character sets. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO/IEC 6937:1994), which has been technically revised. Annex A forms a normative part of this International Standard. Annexes B, C, D, E and F a

20、re for information only. ISO/IEC 6937:2001(E) ISO/IEC 2001 All rights reserved vIntroduction This International Standard specifies a repertoire of graphic characters and their coded representations, for usein text communication.Although, in general, text (see 4.16) consists of characters and picture

21、s, this International Standard applies onlyto text made up of characters.The specifications are based on 8-bit coding; Annex A specifies the 7-bit code for the character set of thisInternational Standard.Other annexes include:a) a description of the method used to define a short identifier for each

22、character specified in this InternationalStandard (Annex B);b) a summary of the use of non-spacing diacritical marks in combination with letters of the basic Latin alphabeticcharacters (Annex C);c) a summary of the use of Latin alphabetic characters in various languages (Annex D);d) an alternative c

23、oded representation of the repertoire with no non-spacing diacritical marks (Annex E);e) a summary of differences between the 1994 (second) edition of ISO/IEC 6937, and the present (third) editionof this International Standard (Annex F);f) a bibliography.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 6937:2001(E)In

24、formation technology Coded graphic character set for text communication Latin alphabet 1 Scope ISO/IEC 2001 - All rights reserved 1This International Standarda) specifies the coded representation of the characters;b) specifies a repertoire of the Latin alphabetic and non-alphabetic characters for th

25、e communication of text inmany European languages using the Latin script;c) specifies rules for the definitions and use of graphic character subrepertoires, i.e. subsets of the specifiedcharacter repertoire.2 Conformance and implementation2.1 Conformance2.1.1 Conformance of information interchangeA

26、coded-character-data-element (CC-data-element) within coded information for interchange is in conformance withthis International Standard if all coded representations of characters within that CC-data-element conform to themandatory requirements of this International Standard.A claim of conformance

27、shall identify:- the subrepertoire in accordance with clause 9, if one has been adopted,- the 7-bit coding in accordance with Annex A, if it has been adopted.2.1.2 Conformance of devicesA device is in conformance with this International Standard if it conforms to the requirements of 2.1.2.1 and eith

28、eror both 2.1.2.2 and 2.1.2.3 below. 2.1.2.1 Device descriptionA device that conforms to this International Standard shall be the subject of a description that identifies the meansby which the user may supply characters to the device, or may recognize them when they are made available tothe user, as

29、 specified respectively in 2.1.2.2 and 2.1.2.3 below.2.1.2.2 Originating devicesAn originating device shall allow its user to supply any sequence of characters of the character repertoire, and shallbe capable of transmitting their coded representations within a CC-data-element.2.1.2.3 Receiving devi

30、ces A receiving device shall be capable of receiving and interpreting any coded representation of characters that arewithin a CC-data-element, and that conform to 2.1.1 of this International Standard, and shall make thecorresponding characters available to its user in such a way that the user can id

31、entify them among those of therepertoire, and can distinguish them from each other.ISO/IEC 6937:2001(E)2 ISO/IEC 2001 - All rights reserved2.2 ImplementationThe use of this character set requires definitions of its implementation in various media. For example, these couldinclude magnetic and optical

32、 interchangeable media and transmission channels, thus permitting interchange of datato take place either indirectly by means of an intermediate recording on a physical medium, or by local connectionof various units (such as input and output devices and computers) or by means of data transmission eq

33、uipment.The implementation of this coded character set in physical media and for transmission, taking into account the needfor error checking, may be the subject of other International Standards.3 Normative referencesISO/IEC 2022:1994, Information technology - Character code structure and extension

34、techniquesISO 2375:1985, Data processing - Procedure for registration of escape sequencesISO/IEC 7350:1991, Information technology - Registration of repertoires of graphic characters from ISO/IEC 10367ISO/IEC 10367:1991, Information technology - Standardized coded graphic character sets for use in 8

35、-bitcodesISO/IEC 10538:1991, Information technology - Control functions for text communicationISO/IEC 10646-1:2000, Information technology - Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS) - Part 1:Architecture and Basic Multilingual PlaneThe following normative documents contain provisions which

36、, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possi

37、bility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO/IEC 6937:2001(E) ISO/IEC 2001 -

38、All rights reserved 34 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this International Standard, the following terms and definitions apply:4.1active positionthe character position which is to image the graphic symbol representing the next graphic character or relativeto which the next control function i

39、s to be executed4.2bit combinationan ordered set of bits used for the representation of characters4.3charactera member of a set of elements used for the organization, control or representation of data4.4character positionthe portion of a display that is imaging or is capable of imaging a graphic sym

40、bol4.5coded-character-data-element (CC-data-element)an element of interchanged information that is specified to consist of a sequence of coded representations ofcharacters, in accordance with one or more identified standards for coded character setsNOTE 1: In a communication environment in accordanc

41、e with the Reference Model for Open Systems Interconnection of ISO 7498, aCC-data-element will form all or part of the information that corresponds to the Presentation-Protocol-Data-Unit (PPDU) defined in thatInternational Standard.NOTE 2: When information interchange is accomplished by means of int

42、erchangeable media, a CC-data-element will form all or part of theinformation that corresponds to the user data, and not that recorded during formatting and initialization.4.6coded character set; codea set of unambiguous rules that establishes a character set and the one-to-one relationship between

43、the charactersof the set and their bit combinations4.7code extensionthe techniques for the encoding of characters that are not included in the character set of a given code4.8code tablea table showing the characters allocated to each bit combination in a code4.9control charactera control function th

44、e coded representation of which consists of a single bit combination4.10control functionan element of a character set that affects the recording, processing, transmission or interpretation of data, and thathas a coded representation consisting of one or more bit combinationsISO/IEC 6937:2001(E)4 ISO

45、/IEC 2001 - All rights reserved4.11 device: A component of information processing equipment which can transmit, and/or receive, codedinformation within CC-data-elementsNOTE: It may be an input/output device in the conventional sense, or a process such as an application program or gateway function.4.

46、12escape sequencea string of bit combinations that are used for control purposes in code extension procedures. The first of these bitcombinations represents the control function ESCAPENOTE: Formats and rules regarding the use of escape sequences are specified in ISO/IEC 2022.4.13graphic charactera c

47、haracter, other than a control function, that has a visual representation normally handwritten, printed ordisplayed, and that has a coded representation consisting of one or more bit combinations4.14graphic symbola visual representation of a graphic character or of a control function4.15repertoirea

48、specified set of characters that are represented by one or more bit combinations of a coded character set4.16texta representation of information for human comprehension that is intended for presentation in a two-dimensionalform, for example printed on paper or displayed on a screen.Text consists of

49、symbols, phrases or sentences in natural or artificial languages, pictures, diagrams and tablesNOTE: This International Standard applies only to text made up of characters.4.17text communication; communication of textthe transfer of text by means of telecommunicationsNOTE: In the context of this International Standard, text communication is by means of binary-coded representations of charact