International Organizations.ppt
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1、International Organizations,By Palitha T.B. Kohona Vientiane, 7 9 October 2003,What is an International Organization?,Originally, only States were members of international communityInternational and Inter-Governmental Organizations (IGOs) slowly emerge as subjects of international law The first inte
2、rnational organization is considered to be the International Telecommunication Union 1865Currently, huge number (500+) covering wide range of matters global and regional scale issues in coordination and efficiencyProblems in defining IGOs, their rights and obligations,Different Definitions of IGO,An
3、 intergovernmental organization. (Art. 2 (1) (i) VCLTSIO)An organization set up by agreement between two or more States. (Akehurst)A non-State entity with international legal personality separate from that of the States which established it. (Aust)A body: Based on a formal instrument of agreement be
4、tween the governments of nation states; including three or more nation states as parties to the agreement; possessing a permanent secretariat performing ongoing tasks. (Yearbook of International Organizations),Other Types of International Organizations,Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) Set up by
5、 individuals or groups Governed by the law of the country where the NGO is incorporated Ex.: Amnesty International, Greenpeace States are usually not parties of NGOsMixed Organizations NGOs entrusted with functions typical of States Ex.: ICRC, IUCNUN Programmes UNDP, UNEP, UNFPA,Creation of IGOs,Tra
6、nsfer of certain powers from States to IGOBy treaty EEC, now the EU WTO Originally the GATT Provisionally brought into force by Protocol Lasted 47 yearsBy resolution of the UN General Assembly CTBTOBy declaration ASEAN, APEC,Legal Personality of IGOs,IGOs have legal personality Usually conferred by
7、treaty or other constitutive instrument Relative concept Specific rights, duties and powers Privileges and immunities International responsibility an liabilityLegislative, executive and administrative functionsSources of legal personality: Constituent treaty Case law,Legal Personality Conferred by C
8、onstituting Treaty,Art. 16 (a), Agreement Establishing the Terms of Reference of the International Jute Study Group, 2001:“The Group shall have international legal personality. In the territory of each member, and subject to its national legislation, the Group shall, in particular, but subject to pa
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