Introduction toCustomizing Reports in SAP.ppt

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1、Introduction to Customizing Reports in SAP,ABAP/4 Fall 1998 Lecture 1,10/4/2018,R1: Reports Intro,2,Introduction to SAP Reports: Topic Objectives,Review what reports are and why they are important Identify Ways to Get Reports from SAP Define Underlying SAP Framework used to develop custom reports wi

2、thin an organization Get Started with Report Painter,10/4/2018,R1: Reports Intro,3,Introduction to SAP Reports: Importance of Reports,What are reports? Outputs from an Information System (automated or manual) Standard Documents from an Information System Responses to ad hoc query Why are they import

3、ant? Often the reason an organization gets a particular system External requirements for Industry, I.e. tax or regulations Internal need for operational management, planning, strategic decision making, etc.,10/4/2018,R1: Reports Intro,4,Introduction to SAP Reports: Forms that Reports Can Take,Text a

4、nd Narrative Graphic Tabular: Columns and Rows (Spreadsheet Format) Statistical (Usually Combined with Tabular) Zoned Output: Conforms to a Standard Form Drill Down (level of detail varies - available electronically),10/4/2018,R1: Reports Intro,5,Introduction to SAP Reports: Characteristics of “Good

5、” Report Design,Make Simple to Read and Understand Always have a Date and Title Always Include Column Headings for Tabular Data Include Legends Anytime Abbreviations are Used Include Legends Anytime Data Field Names are Used Use Section Headings when Large Amounts of Data Are Presented in Difference

6、 Segments or Groups, I.e. Sales By Month Grouped by Product within Region Remember “Style” of Report is User Dependent,10/4/2018,R1: Reports Intro,6,Introduction to SAP Reports: Ways to Get Reports from SAP,Standard Delivered Reports by Module Report Tree is Configured to Include Desired Reports Ove

7、r 1500 Reports to Choose From Use Report Navigator to Find Report Names Report Painter Report Writer Drill Down Reports in CO-PA and EIS ABAP/4 Custom Reports ABAP/4 Query to get list of values from a table,Introduction to SAP Reports: Relationship: ABAP/4 & Reporting Tools,Tables in Database,ABAP/4

8、 Program,Report Writer,Report Painter,10/4/2018,R1: Reports Intro,8,Introduction to SAP Reports: Finding SAP Delivered Reports,Information System Report Tree to see incomplete generic list of reports System Services Reporting Enter Program Name RXYZ1Zn R for ABAP/4 Programs that Produce Reports X fo

9、r Module (F=FI; M=MM; V=SD; K=CO; A=AM, etc.) Y for Sub-module (D=Customer; K=Vendor, S=GL, et.c) Z1 Zn for Unique Identifier Logistics Sales Information System (SIS); Logistics Information System(LIS); FI/CO (CCSS), etc,10/4/2018,R1: Reports Intro,9,Introduction to SAP Reports: Framework for Report

10、 Writer & Painter,Report Writer Tool in R/2 Based on COBOL Report Writer Concepts (?) Not User Friendly: difficult to visualize report you create Report Painter New with R/3 versions User Doesnt Need to Understand Underlying Structures Has Graphic User Interface (WYSIWYG) Used as a Front End to Repo

11、rt Writer (RP Code gets translated into RW structures),10/4/2018,R1: Reports Intro,10,Introduction to SAP Reports: Framework for Report Writer,Oracle Data Base,Logical Schema,Reporting Table,Reporting Table,Reporting Table,Library 1,Library 2,Library N,Report Group 1,Report Group 2,Report Group N,Re

12、port,Set A,Set B,Set Z,“Sub-Schema”,View of Sub-Schema,10/4/2018,R1: Reports Intro,11,Introduction to SAP Reports: Framework for Report Writer,Reporting Table Not a Physical or Logical Table in the Database More like a user view of Data, I.e. SIS or LIS for Sales, CCSS = Cost Data, or FILC = Legal C

13、onsolidation view Also called Information Structure or sometimes (more rarely) Information View Library Common Set of columns from the Reporting Table used for similar set of reports,10/4/2018,R1: Reports Intro,12,Introduction to SAP Reports: Framework for Report Writer,Physical DBMS (Oracle) Stores

14、 Data in Tables in Tablespaces in UNIX Data Files Reporting Tables or Information Structures are Sub-Schemas or Logical Views of the Data based on Multiple User Views, I.e. Sales Data or Cost Data Libraries are Sub-views or views of the Sub-schemas Report Group is a group of reports that are compile

15、d and executed together at the same time Report is usually what a single user(s) wants Sets are used by Report Writer to get specific values,Technical Concept,Reporting Table,Characteristics & key figures,Library 1,Characteristics (sel. A) Key figures (sel. A),Library 2,Characteristics (sel. B) Key

16、figures (sel. B),Report Group 1,Data records (sel. a),Report Group 2,Data records (sel. b),Report 1,Report 2,Report 1,Report 3,10/4/2018,R1: Reports Intro,14,Introduction to SAP Reports: Framework for Report Writer,Reporting Table or Information Structure,Library 1,Library 2,Library N,Report Group 1

17、 (Data Records),Report Group 2 (Data Records),Report 1,Report 2,Report N,Contain (SAP Defined):CharacteristicsKey Figures,Libraries Contain:CharacteristicsKey FiguresPre-defined Columns,REMEMBER: Reports are compiled & Run by Report Group,Example: Reporting Table CCSS,Reporting table CCSS,Cost cente

18、rs Costs Orders Quantities,1SO1: Cost ctr/Orders,1SIP: Act./Plan/Var.,1SIP-001,1SO1-002,1SO1-003,Cost centers Costs Cost elements Quantities,6O1: Orders,Orders Costs Cost elements Quantities,1VK: Cost centers,10/4/2018,R1: Reports Intro,16,Introduction to SAP Reports: Framework for Report Writer,Rep

19、ort Set of columns and rows with specific data (row) selection criteria Similar to Select statement in SQL from a view where . Reports are compiled or generated at the report group level Anytime you make a change in one report in the group the whole group needs to be re-generated,Steps to Create a S

20、imple Report,Figure out on paper what you want the report to look like Create the report Define the Rows (characteristics of the data in columns) Define the Columns (Key figures = type of data you want in the cells) Define the Data Selection (characteristics that further define which rows in the dat

21、abase get returned) Assign to a Report Group - Execute,Basic Report Structure,General Data Selectionis valid for the whole report,Characteristic,Characteristic,Characteristic,Predefined column,COLUMN MODEL,Row model,Characteristic Key figure,F o r m ul a,Formula,Row and Column Models,Row Definition,

22、- - -,- - -,- - -,- - -,400000 400100 400200 400300 .,Act.,Key figure w/ characteristics,Costs Value type Fiscal year Version. . . .,Predefined column,Formula,Defining a Single Column,Plan,- - -,- - -,- - -,Act. Plan,- - -,400000 400100 400200 400300 .,Var.,Key figure w/ characteris.Predefined colum

23、nFormula,Formula:,X001 - X002,X001,X002,Actual costs,Planned costs,Cost elem.,Formula Columns,- - -,- - -,- - -,- - -,400000 400100 400200 400300 .,Actual costs Actual costs current period Plan quantity. . . . .,Key figure w/ characteristics,Predefined column,Formula,Using Predefined Columns,Crnt ac

24、t.,450000 - - - 452000 - - - 456000 - - - * CCtr 1 - - -,CCtr/CElem. Act. Plan Var.,450000 - - - 452000 - - - 456000 - - - * CCtr 2 - - - * Total - - -,1 Cost center2 Cost element,1 Cost element2 Cost center,CElem/CCtr Act. Plan Var.,CCtr 1 CCtr 2 * 450000 CCtr 1 CCtr 2 * 452000 CCtr 1 CCtr 2 * 4560

25、00 *Total,- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -,Sorting Characteristics,10/4/2018,R1: Reports Intro,25,Introduction to SAP Reports: Framework for Report Writer,Report Group Can Equal a Report (Report Group can contain only one Report) Group may be Variations of the same data Report 1 = Sales of

26、Current Month compared to Last Month in summary Report 2 = Current Month Compared to Last Month by Region or Customer Group Report Group is Compiled and Executed (run) at the same time,Icon appears on the top of Report 1 to show there are more reports in this run,10/4/2018,R1: Reports Intro,26,Intro

27、duction to SAP Reports: Framework for Report Writer,Characteristics: Attribute in Table Company Code, Customer Account, Region, Cost Center, etc. Key Figure: Types of Data - typically numeric costs, sales dollars, sales quantity, cost quantity Predefined Column: Combination of Characteristic and Key

28、 Figure SAP Delivered - named fields in reporting table Examples: Actual Cost Dollars, Planned Cost Dollars, Actual Sales Quantity, Planned Sales Quantity,10/4/2018,R1: Reports Intro,27,Introduction to SAP Reports: Summary,What are Reports? Why are they Important? Name 3 ways we Can Find What Reports Come with SAP. Describe the Underlying Framework for using the SAP Report Writer and Painter Table in the Database Reporting Table Library Report Group Report What is a predefined column in Report Painter?,