2015届河南郑州第四十七中学高三上期中英语试卷与答案（带解析）.doc

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1、2015届河南郑州第四十七中学高三上期中英语试卷与答案（带解析） 其他 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sometimes willpower is a lot like the television remote controlhard to find just when you want it most. _【小题 1】 _ But there are ways to increase your willpower. Dont try to change your economic situation, win a promotion a

2、nd lose weight all on the same morning. Set one clear, specific goal and make a realistic plan to achieve it .Extra willpower sometimes requires extra energy, so dont spread yourself too thin. 【小题 2】 Whatever your goal is, dont expect to achieve it overnight, _【小题 3】 _ If you are trying to kick a co

3、ffee habit, start by replacing your morning cup of coffee with a glass of water, instead of promising never to drink coffee again. Congratulate yourself on the small achievements. These successes help your willpower grow. _【小题 4】 _ Ask friends, family or colleagues for assistance and tell them exact

4、ly how they can help. If your credit card bills have risen, for instance, let friends know that you are cutting back on expenses. Suggest having a common dinner instead of meeting at an expensive restaurant. Find a support group or organization related to your goal and attend their meetings. You can

5、 get valuable advice, understanding and information. If possible, change your environment to encourage positive behavior. Want to get in shape Keep an extra set of workout clothes in your office as a reminder to stop by the gym on the way home. Quitting smoking _【小题 5】 _ A Real success takes time. B

6、 Focus on one goal at a time. C Change your environment to change your life. D Improve your willpower by a support network. E. Changing your behavior requires more than willpower. F. Avoid bars or restaurants where you might be attracted to light up. G. Breaking a bad habit or forming a new and heal

7、thy one can be difficult. 答案：【小题 1】 G 【小题 2】 B 【小题 3】 A 【小题 4】 D 【小题 5】 F 试题分析：本文讲述的是提高我们的意志力的重要性和多种不同的方法。 【小题 1】 G根据下句 But there are ways to increase your willpower.有很多提高意志力的方法，句首的 but说明前句与这句有转折关系，故 G项：去除坏习惯和养成新习惯都很困难符合上下文。 【小题 2】 B根据前句 Extra willpower sometimes requires extra energy, so dont stret

8、ch yourself too thin.可知锻炼前面的意志力需要额外的精力。所以不要一下子设很多的目标，那样不现实，一次一个即可。故 B正确。 【小题 3】 A 根据前句 Whatever your goal is, dont expect to achieve it overnight.不要指望一下子就成功。也就是指：真正的成功是需要时间的。故 A正确。 【小题 4】 D根据下句 Ask friends, family or colleagues for assistance and tell them exactly how they can help.可知可以向别人求助，不要单独靠自己

9、。也就是说要靠一个支持的网络来提高自己的意志力。故 D正确。 【小题 5】 F根据前句 Quitting smoking 可知我们要克服抽烟一些不好的生活习惯，故 F项内容 Avoid bars or restaurants where you might be attracted to light up.避免去酒吧或者餐厅，因为在 那里你很容易就被吸引再次抽烟。 考点：考查日常生活类短文阅读 Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese people daily life. 【小题 1】 these p

10、roverbs there are often interesting stories. For example, the proverb, “pulling up a crop _【小题 2】 (help) it grow”, is based on the following story. It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960-1279) was very anxious to help 【小题 3】 rice crop grow up quickly. He was thinking about 【小题

11、 4】 day and night. But the crop was growing much slower than he expected. One day, he came up with an idea 【小题 5】 _ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. He did so the next day. He was very tired _【小题 6】 doing this for a whole day, 【小题 7】 he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” 【小题 8】

12、 (high). His son heard about this and went to see the crop. Unfortunately the leaves of the crop began to wither. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their 【小题 9】 (nature) course. Being too anxious to help an event develop often _【小题 10】 (result) in the contrary to our intention. 答案：【

13、小题 1】 Behind 【小题 2】 to help 【小题 3】 his 【小题 4】 this/it 【小题 5】 that 【小题 6】 after /from/with 【小题 7】 but/yet 【小题 8】 higher 【小题 9】 natural 【小题 10】 result 试题分析： 【小题 1】考查词汇用法：句意，在这些谚语的后面，经常有有趣的故事。所以填 Behind。 【小题 2】考查不定式：作目的状语，故用不定式。 【小题 3】考查代词：句意，他非常渴望帮助他的庄稼快速成长。所以填 his 【小题 4】考 查代词：指代 “帮助他的庄稼快速成长 ”这件事情，所以填

14、 this/it。 【小题 5】考查同位语从句：这里含有一个同位语从句，引导词在从句中不作任何成分，也没有什么实际意义，故用 that。 【小题 6】考查介词：句意，在干了一整天之后，他很累。所以填 after /from/with。 【小题 7】考查连词： 句意，但是他感觉非常高兴。所以填 but/yet。 【小题 8】考查比较级：句意，但是他的庄稼确实比原来高了。所以填 higher。 【小题 9】考查形容词：用形容词修饰名词。 【小题 10】考查主谓一致：动名词作主语，谓 语动词用单数。 考点：考查语法填空 完型填空 Youth sports teach kids to develop

15、a winning state of mind as well as the ability to become team leaders. Although having is a major part of athletics, the only purpose of sports is to compete and create the mentality（心态） people need in sports. have the extremely hard task of getting their young athletes to learn how to play the spor

16、t and become disciplined, and ready to play the sport to the best of their ability. , I was at my younger brothers baseball game the other night and his team was by five runs in the last part of the game. While most teams in this situation would be desperately trying to regain their for heroics, his

17、 team just seemed to slowly walk around, sunflower seeds, and laugh at jokes made by teammates. I asked my brother after the game why everybody was so about the loss and he said it was because some kids mom brought really good snacks. Some parents have a with coaches shouting at their child. If a ch

18、ild makes a mistake, it is the coachs to correct the problem. When parents get involved in telling the coach how to the team, problems . Some parents feel if they pay their money, they should have an equal on how to coach the team. In order to have a successful learning experience, the coach needs t

19、o feel like he can control his team and the parents from having the last say. Without that, the coach feels as if he needs to the parents by giving more playing time to their kids who actually dont it. With youth sport programs becoming less competitive, club teams are on the . More teens can get an

20、 easier access to them. Club teams more of what high school and junior high coaches are looking for, the competitive edge that is absolutely necessary in . While having fun is important, skills and a mentality is worth more in the world of sports. 【小题 1】 A. fun B. dignity C courage D. patience 【A so

21、cial B competitive C healthy D responsible 小题2】 A Coaches B Parents C Experts D Headmasters A As a result B In addition C For example D On the contrary A up B below C above D down A scores B goals C spirits D dreams A chew B spit C count D swallow A worried B happy C serious D casual A joke B proble

22、m C contact D compromise A duty B experience C awareness D turn A dismiss B unite C handle D assess A stand out B break out C work out D come out A say B guidance C response D reward A protect B defend C excuse D discourage A assist B motivate C please D blame A want B deserve C value D appreciate A

23、 way B decline C go D rise A offer B require C seek D preserve A academics B sports C exams D competitions A risking B controlling C winning D cooperating 答案：【小题 1】 A 【小题 2】 B 【小题 3】 A 【小题 4】 C 【小题 5】 D 【小题 5】 C 【小题 7】 B 【小题 8】 D 【小题 9】 B 【小题 10】 A 【小题 11】 C 【小题 12】 D 【小题 13】 A 【小题 14】 D 【小题 15】 C 【

24、小题 16】 B 【小题 17】 D 【小题 18】 A 【小题 19】 B 【小题 20】 C 试题分析：本文是一篇议论文。体育运动对青少年来讲不仅是好玩，更重要的是它培养了青少年竞争、必胜的心态，这也是体育的价值所在。 【小题 1】 A 考查名词辨析。句意：尽管运动在很多程度上让人感觉快乐。此处最最好一句 while having fun is importantA项符合语境。故 A正确。 Fun乐趣；dignity尊严； courage勇气； patience耐心。 【小题 2】 B 考查形容词辨析。句意：体育的唯一目的是竞争，并为人们创造在体育运动 时所必备的那种竞争的心态。本句的 a

25、nd前面的 os to compete与最后一段中的 the competitive edge that is absolutely necessary相呼应。故 B正确。Social社会的； competitive竞争的； healthy健康的； responsible尽责的。 【小题 3】 A 考查名词辨析。句意：教练需要让年轻人学会如何 运动，遵守纪律，并在运动中充分发挥自己的能力，这是一项极其艰巨的任务。故 A正确。Coaches教练； Parents父母； Experts专家； Headmasters校长。 【小题 4】 C 考查介词短语辨析。句意：例如，一天晚上我去看弟弟的棒球比赛

26、。作者提出做一名教练不容易，下文用一个例子来印证这个观点。故 C 正确。As a result结果； In addition另外； For example例如； On the contrary相反。 【小题 5】 D 考查介词辨析。句意：他们在比赛的后半场落后了 5分；与本段最后一句中的 about the loss相呼应。故 D正确。 Up在上面； below在下面；above超过； down落后。 【小题 6】 C 考查名词辨析。句意为：尽 管大多数队伍在这种情况下会竭力振作起来 (regain ones spirits)，进行反击 由 for bravery可知，此处应是一种 “精神 (

27、spirit)”，故答案： C符合文义。 score得分； goal目标，进球； dream梦想，均不符合文义，故排除。 【小题 7】 B 考查动词辨析。句意：而他的队友们却慢慢地到处走动，嗑（ spit吐）着瓜子，听其他队友讲的笑话，开心地笑着。 chew咀嚼； spit吐； count数；swallow吞。根据句义说明 B正确。 【小题 8】 D 考查形容词辨析。句意：赛后我问我弟弟， 大家为什么对失败都无所谓（ casual随意的）呢 根据上句中 “his team just seemed to slowly walk around”所描述的弟弟们的队友们的态度可知 D正确。 Worri

28、ed担心； happy快乐；serious严重； casual随便的。 【小题 9】 B 考查名词辨析。句意：一些家长对教练训孩子很是不满。 B项和shouting at怒骂，训斥，相呼应。 joke玩笑； contact联系； compromise妥协；根据句义说明 B正确。 【小题 10】 A 考查名词辨析。句意：因为他们认为，如 果孩子犯错了，教练有责任去纠正这些问题。 experience 经历； awareness 意识； turn 轮流。 duty 责任。根据句义说明 A正确。 【小题 11】 C 考查动词辨析。句意：当父母亲开始干涉教练如何管理一个运动队的时候，与本段倒数第二句相

29、呼应。 dismiss解散； unite团结； handle处理；管理； assess评估；根据句意说明 C正确。 【小题 12】 D 考查动词短语辨析。句意为：当父母开始干涉教练如何管理运动员时，长此以往，问题也就随之而来 (come out)了。 stand out出色，突出； break out爆发 (一般指战争或者口角 )； work out锻炼身体，进展，均不符合文义，故排除。 【小题 13】 A 考查名词辨析。句意：一些父母亲认为如果他们付钱了，他们在运动队里就应该有同样的话语权 say，与本段倒数第二句相呼应。故 A正确。Say说； guidance指导； response回答；

30、 reward报答。 【小题 14】 D 考查动词辨析。句意：为了让队员有成功的学习经历，教练需要感觉到他能够掌控他的团队。不能让孩子的父母亲接入决定权。Discourage.from.打消 .； protect 保护； defend 防御； excuse 原谅。故 D 正确。 【小题 15】 C 考查动词辨析。句意：要不然地话，教练会认为自己好像需要给孩子们更多的时间来取悦他们的父母亲。 assist帮助； motivate激励； blame责备。根据句义说明 C正确。 【小题 16】 B 考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指那些孩子实际上并不值得教练给他们更多的时间。与 actually相呼

31、应。故 B正确。 Want想； deserve值得；value价值； appreciate欣赏。 【小题 17】 D 考查名词辨析。句意：随着青年运动项目竞争不那么激励了，俱乐 部的规模却在扩大（ on the rise）。由下句的 more teens can get an esier access to them可知 D正确。 【小题 18】 A 考查动词辨析。句意为：俱乐部提供给 (offer)初高中教练们更多他们一直追寻的东西 require 要求； seek追求，寻找； preserve保护，均不符合文义，故排除。 【小题 19】 B 考查名词辨析。由文章主题： youth spor

32、ts和第一段中 “the only purpose of sports is to compete.”可知，此 处指竞争性在体育运动中还是非常有必要的。故答案： B符合文义。 Academics学习； sports体育； exams考试；competitions比赛。 【小题 20】 C 考查形容词辨析。句意：尽管娱乐很重要，但是技能和追求胜利的精神在体育运动中更是有价值的。与文章第一句相呼应。故 C正确。 Risking冒险； controlling控制； winning获胜； cooperating合作。 考点：考查日常生活类短文 阅读理解 Nowadays women appear to

33、 have a positive image of themselves as safer drivers than men. In a survey done for insurer MetLife, 51% of women said they drive more safely. The evidence is on their side: Men are 3.4 times more likely than women to get a ticket for careless driving and 3.1 times as likely to be punished for drun

34、k driving. “Women are on average less aggressive and more law abiding (守法的 ) drivers, which leads to fewer accidents,” the report says. However, not all male drivers share the same opinion. Of the men surveyed by MetLife, 39% claimed male drivers were safer. The findings did back them upon one point

35、: automotive knowledge. The report showed that more men are familiar with current safety equipment such as electronic stability control， which helps prevent rollover accidents. Auto safety unavoidably matters to Money. Insurance companies focus on what classes of drivers have the lowest dollar amoun

36、ts of claims, and for now, that mainly includes women. In general, women pay about 9% less for auto insurance than men. A study by the website Insweb also showed that auto insurance rates are lower for women in most states. Among individual states, women get the greatest, advantage in Wyoming (where

37、 they pay 20% less), South Dakota and Washington, D.C, where their insurance costs are 16% lower. “More than 11,900 male drivers died in US traffic accidents in 2009， compared with just under 4,900 women drivers” according to the study. “Based on miles traveled, men died at a rate of 2.5 deaths per

38、100 million miles traveled, vs.1.7 deaths for women.” 【小题 1】 According to the study， female drivers _. A are more aggressive while driving B are more interested in auto knowledge C are more likely to stick to driving laws D are more familiar with safety equipment 【小题 2】 Insurance companies focus on

39、female driver clients probably because they_. A cause more accidents on the road B pay more money to the insurance companies C take the most part of the insurance clients D have the lowest amount of money on insurance claims 【小题 3】 We can infer from the passage that_. A men are 3.1 times more likely

40、 to get tickets than women B all women in the USA pay the same for their auto insurance C more female drivers die every year than male drivers D women are generally safer drivers than the opposite gender 【小题 4】 The writer mainly develops paragraphs by_. A giving examples B making comparisons C drawi

41、ng a conclusion D presenting an argument 答案：【小题 1】 C 【小题 2】 D 【小题 3】 D 【小题 4】 B 试题分析：本文通过大量数据，对男女司机在驾驶安全性上进行对比。 【小题 1】 C 细节理解题。题干中提到 study，那么可以定位到第二段的 survey。A项中的 aggressive出自原文，但对应的是 less aggressive，因此 A与原文矛盾；B项 auto knowledge出自原文，但对应的是 back them up，并且这里的 them指代的是 men，因此 B与原文矛盾； D项 safety equipment

42、 出自原文，但对应的是more men are familiar with ，因此 D与原文矛盾； C项与原文 ”Women are more law abiding ( 守法的 ) drivers”为同义改写，因此 C正确。 【小题 2】 D 细节题。 A项与原文矛盾，可以直接排除； B项 pay money出自原文，但对应的是 women pay about 9% less，因此 B项与原文矛盾； C项insurance clients与原文 insurance rates对应，但原文中是 lower for women in most states，因此 C也与原文矛盾；而 D项可以从第

43、四段例举的数据中得出。 【小题 3】 D推断题。 A项 3.1与原文第一段的 3.4矛盾，且本题为推断题，原文内容不能选； B项从第四段后半段的数据对比矛盾；从第四段我们可以看出当前男性死亡率要远高 于女性，由此无法推理出每年女性比男性死亡得多；而整篇文章每个段落都在进行男女性的对比，所例举的数据综合起来便可以毫无疑问的推理出 “整体来说，女性相对于男性开车更安全 ”。 【小题 4】 B考查文章的行文方式。通过我们对文章的解读可以发现，每一段都在进行男性女性之间的对比，特别是大量的数据对比，所以 B项正确。 考点：考查科学研究类阅读 On countless mornings over the

44、 past year, I stood with my son, James, in our driveway, watching our neighbor hurry off to kindergarten. My wife and I wanted to give James the best education, but that meant wed have to change our jobs and spend less time with our kid. I asked myself, “Would this trade-off be worth it ” When I loo

45、k at the research on child development, I think it might not. Where our kids go to school might matter less than most American parents think. Social scientists have long tried to determine why some children grow up to be successful. In a 2001 study, Greg Duncan, a professor of education at the Unive

46、rsity of California, measured the influence that the people in a childs life have on how well the child does in school. Duncan and his team found almost no relationship between how students did on the test and whom they sat beside in class, whom they hung out with after school and who lived in their

47、 block. The only meaningful link they found was between siblings（兄弟姐妹） and twins in particular. For a long time, scholars thought that a familys income heavily affected how well kids did in life. But that might not be the case. When Susan Mayer at the University of Chicago looked at the relationship

48、 between family income and lifetime achievement, she ran a series of experiments to measure it, finding such outcomes werent caused by income. She argued that the things that make a difference are relatively inexpensive: the number of books a kid has or how often his family goes to museums. Lareau,

49、another scholar began one of the most in-depth observations of American parenting. He concluded that success is much more related to the amount of time parents spend with their children. He said “Many parents I interviewed are anxious about their childrens futures But they have exaggerated（夸大） the sense of the risks invo