ASTM B998-17 Standard Guide for Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) of Aluminum Alloy Castings.pdf
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1、Designation: B998 17Standard Guide forHot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) of Aluminum Alloy Castings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B998; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A nu
2、mber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide presents requirements for hot isostatic press-ing (HIP) of aluminum alloy castings. HIPing is a process inwhich components are
3、 subjected to the simultaneous applica-tion of heat and high pressure in an inert gas medium. Theprocess is to be used for the reduction of internal (non-surfaceconnected) porosity. The document is to describe the generalparameters of the HIP process, describe certification proce-dures and a descrip
4、tion that the process has been followed. It isnot intended to be a description of a heat treating procedure.This is not meant to supersede an end users specificationwhere one exists.21.2 UnitsThe values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Thevalue
5、s stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with
6、its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on stand
7、ard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on thedate of c
8、asting purchase form a part of this practice to theextent referenced herein:2.2 ASTM Standards:E230/E230M Specification for Temperature-ElectromotiveForce (emf) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples2.3 AMS StandardsAMS 2750 Pyrometry3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.
9、1.1 autoclave, na pressure vessel used in the HIPprocess.3.1.2 hold time, ntime at required temperature and pres-sure as specified on the drawing or applicable specification.Hold time to start when pressure and all temperature hold timeload monitoring thermocouples are within specified require-ments
10、.3.1.3 hot isostatic pressing (HIP), n & va solid stateprocess whereby heat and pressure are simultaneously appliedto objects in an autoclave by way of an inert gas to reduceinternal voids and obtain desired properties. Also used as averb to describe application of the process to an object, henceHIP
11、ing, HIPed.3.1.4 inert gas, na non-reactive gas, used in HIP vesselduring pressurization.3.1.5 on-line gas analysis, nanalysis of process gas ema-nating from the autoclave. Refer to 7.6 (“Inert Gas Purity”).3.1.6 working zone, nthe volume of the heated region ofan autoclave which may be occupied by
12、castings to be hotisostatically pressed.4. Significance and Use4.1 HIP of castings should be performed in the as castcondition. Post HIP inspection of castings should result in areduction of porosity that is evident in x-ray grade andproperties.4.2 HIP will not eliminate inclusions or surface-connec
13、tedporosity in a casting.5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for HIPing of aluminum castings under thisguide should include the following information:5.1.1 This guide designation (which includes the number,year and revision letter, if applicable).1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee
14、 B07 on Light Metalsand Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.01 on AluminumAlloy Ingots and Castings.Current edition approved July 1, 2017. Published July 2017. DOI: 10.1520/B0998-17.2The HIP practice described in this guide is not intended to be substituted for theheat treat
15、requirements for aluminum alloy castings, which are provided in PracticeB917/B917M Standard Practice for Heat Treatment of Aluminum-Alloy Castingsfrom All Processes. This standard Guide is not meant to supersede an end usersspecification where one exists.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor
16、 Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendation
17、s issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.15.1.2 The quantity in pieces.5.1.3 Alloy.5.1.4 Temperature, pressure, hold time, including toler-ances.6. Equipment6.1 Autoclave:6.1.1 Autoclaves should be of the inert gas pressurizationtype, internally heated, co
18、ld wall pressure vessel.6.2 Fixtures:6.2.1 Suitable jigs, trays, or other fixtures should be pro-vided as necessary for proper handling and positioning of partsto be hot isostatic pressed. All fixtures should be made ofsuitable material which is compatible with the parts to betreated.6.3 Temperature
19、 Measurement and Control Devices:6.3.1 Temperature MeasurementTemperature measuringand recording devices should be provided for the autoclave.The devices should be of the potentiometric type, should usethermocouple sensors, and should provide permanent recordsof the temperature during the entire tre
20、atment.6.3.2 Temperature ControlA sufficient number of suitabletemperature control devices should be provided and properlyarranged in the autoclave to assure the required temperaturecontrol in the working zone. The devices should be of thepotentiometric type and should use thermocouple sensors.6.4 P
21、ressure Measurement Devices:6.4.1 Pressure measurement devices should be accurate towithin 62 % at the specified operating pressure for parts beingprocessed. The device should be capable of continuouslymonitoring and recording the pressure throughout the process.7. General7.1 All HIP equipment quali
22、fications should be the respon-sibility of the hot isostatic pressing HIP Vendor. The Vendorshould be responsible for any testing required for HIP equip-ment and should sign all necessary forms which certify thatqualification, in accordance with this guide, has been attained.7.2 Cleaning:7.2.1 Casti
23、ngs to be treated, including fixtures, should bedelivered to the Vendor clean and free of all surface contami-nants which may be detrimental to the material being treated orto autoclave components. Prior to subsequent processingcycles the Vendor should ensure that fixtures, jigs, or toolingshould be
24、 kept free of all surface contaminants which may bedetrimental to the material being treated or to the autoclavecomponents.7.3 Instrumentation:7.3.1 A minimum of three thermocouples should accom-pany the material during treatment. They should be located inthe hottest, coldest, and nominal temperatur
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