专业英语四级-160及答案解析.doc

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1、专业英语四级-160及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、CLOZE(总题数：4，分数：100.00)In the past twenty years, there has been an increasing tendency for workers to move from one country to another. While some newly independent countries have understandably 1 most jobs to local people, others have attracted and welcomed mig

2、rant workers. This is particularly the case in Middle East, where increased oil incomes have enabled many countries to call 2 outsiders to improve local facilities. Thus the Middle East has attracted oil-workers from the U.S.A., Asia and Europe. It has brought in construction workers and technicians

3、 from many countries, including South Korea and Japan. While 3 view of the difficult living and working conditions in Middle East, it is not surprising that the pay is high to attract suitable workers. Many engineers and technicians can earn at least twice as much money in the Middle East as they ca

4、n in their own country, and this is a 4 attraction. A(n) 5 benefit is the low taxation or complete lack of it. This increases the 6 amount of pay received by visiting workers and is very popular with them. Sometimes a disadvantage has a(n) 7 advantage. For example, the difficult living conditions of

5、ten lead to increased friendship when workers have to depend on each other 8 safety and comfort. On the other hand, many migrant workers can save large sums of money partly because of the lack of entertainment facilities. The work is often 9 and full of problems but this merely 10 greater challenge

6、to engineers who prefer to find solutions to problems rather than do routine work in their home country. A. restricted B. associated C. in D. offers E. presents F. with G. major H. allied I. net J. compensatory K. for L. complex M. curbed N. main O. on（分数：25.00）Vibrations in the ground are a poorly

7、understood but probably widespread means of communication between animals. It seems 11 that these animals could have detected seismic pre-shocks that were missed by the sensitive vibration-detecting equipment that clutters the worlds earthquake laboratories. But it is possible. And the fact that man

8、y animal species behave 12 before other natural events such as storms, and that they have the ability to detect others of their species at distances which the familiar human senses could not manage, is well established. Such observations have led some to suggest that these animals have an extra sens

9、e. The best guess is that they can feel and understand 13 that are transmitted through the ground. Almost all the research done into animal signaling has been on sight, hearing and smell, because these are senses that people possess. Humans have no sense organs designed specifically to detect 14 vib

10、rations. But, according to researchers who have been meeting in Chicago at a 15 of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology, 16 via vibrations of the ground (a means of communication known as seismic signaling) have been almost entirely 17 . These researchers believe that such signals are

11、 far more common than biologists had realizedand that they could explain a lot of otherwise 18 features of animal behavior. A seismic sense could help to explain certain types of elephant behavior. One is an apparent ability to detect thunderstorms well beyond the range that the sound of a storm can

12、 carry. Another is the foot-lifting that many elephants display prior to the arrival of another herd. Rather than 19 the horizon with their ears, elephants tend to freeze their posture and raise and lower a single foot. This probably helps them to work out from which direction the vibrations are 20

13、. Avibration Binexplicable Csymposium Dunlikely Eterrestrial Fstudied Gstrangely Hoverlooked Itravelling Jinteractions Kshakings Lscanning Mshockingly Nstudying Oconference（分数：25.00）It is not surprising, 21 the lack of fit between gifted students and their schools, that such students often have litt

14、le good to say about their school experience. In one study of 400 adults who had achieved 22 in all areas of life, researchers found that three-fifths of these individuals either did badly in school or were unhappy in school. Few MacArthur Prize fellows, winners of the MacArthur 23 for creative acco

15、mplishment, had good things to say about their precollegiate schooling if they had not been placed in advanced programs. Anecdotal reports support this. Pablo Picasso, Charles Darwin, Mark Twain, Oliver Gold Smith, and William Butler Yeats all 24 poorly in school. So did Winston Churchill, who almos

16、t failed out of Harrow, an elite British school. Some of these gifted people may have done poorly in school because their gifts were not 25 . Maybe we can account 26 Picasso in this way. But most disliked school not because they lacked ability but because they found school 27 and consequently lost i

17、nterest. Yeats described the lack of fit between his mind and school: Because I had found it difficult to attend 28 anything less interesting than my own thoughts, I was difficult to teach. When highly gifted students in any 29 talk about what was important to the development of their abilities, the

18、y are far more likely to mention their families than their schools or teachers. High-IQ children, in Australia studied by Miraca Gross, had much more positive feelings about their families than their schools. About half of the mathematicians studied by Benjamin Bloom had little good to say about sch

19、ool. They all did well in school and took honors classes when available, and some 30 grades. A. distinctiveness B. given C. on D. distinction E. Award F. unchallenging G. for H. Reward I. scholastic J. to K. domain L. skipped M. disliked N. fared O. provided（分数：25.00）The standard of living of any co

20、untry means the average persons 31 of the goods and services the country produces. A countrys standard of living, therefore, depends on its capacity to produce wealth. Wealth in this 32 is not money, for we do not live on money but on things that money can buy: goods such as food and clothing, and s

21、ervices such as 33 and entertainment. A countrys capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of which have an effect on one another. Wealth depends to a great extent upon a countrys natural resources. Some regions of the world are well 34 with coal and minerals, and have fertile soil

22、and a 35 climate; other regions possess none of them. Next to natural resources comes the ability to 36 them to use. China is perhaps as well-off as the USA in natural resources, but suffered for many years from 37 and external wars, and for this and other reasons, was unable to develop her resource

23、s. Sound and stable political conditions, and being free from foreign invasions, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country equally well 38 .by nature but less well ordered. A countrys standard of living does not only de

24、pend upon the wealth that is produced and consumed within its 39 , but also upon what is directly produced through international trade. For example, Britains wealth in food stuffs and other agricultural products would be much less if she had to depend only on those grown at home. Trade makes it poss

25、ible for her 40 manufactured goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products that would otherwise be lacking. A countrys wealth is, therefore, much influenced by its manufacturing capacity provided that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures. Awealth Bsense Csupplied D

26、share Esurplus Ftransport G1imits Hequipped Ifavorable Jturn Kput Lcivil Mfavored Nborders Ointernal（分数：25.00）专业英语四级-160答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、CLOZE(总题数：4，分数：100.00)In the past twenty years, there has been an increasing tendency for workers to move from one country to another. While some newly

27、independent countries have understandably 1 most jobs to local people, others have attracted and welcomed migrant workers. This is particularly the case in Middle East, where increased oil incomes have enabled many countries to call 2 outsiders to improve local facilities. Thus the Middle East has a

28、ttracted oil-workers from the U.S.A., Asia and Europe. It has brought in construction workers and technicians from many countries, including South Korea and Japan. While 3 view of the difficult living and working conditions in Middle East, it is not surprising that the pay is high to attract suitabl

29、e workers. Many engineers and technicians can earn at least twice as much money in the Middle East as they can in their own country, and this is a 4 attraction. A(n) 5 benefit is the low taxation or complete lack of it. This increases the 6 amount of pay received by visiting workers and is very popu

30、lar with them. Sometimes a disadvantage has a(n) 7 advantage. For example, the difficult living conditions often lead to increased friendship when workers have to depend on each other 8 safety and comfort. On the other hand, many migrant workers can save large sums of money partly because of the lac

31、k of entertainment facilities. The work is often 9 and full of problems but this merely 10 greater challenge to engineers who prefer to find solutions to problems rather than do routine work in their home country. A. restricted B. associated C. in D. offers E. presents F. with G. major H. allied I.

32、net J. compensatory K. for L. complex M. curbed N. main O. on（分数：25.00）解析：Arestricted解析 上下文题。根据词性，此处应当填入动词完成时态。While提示该句是转折对比关系，而后半句又指出一些国家却欢迎大量外来务工人员，可见前半部分应当是一些国家采取措施保护本地人的工作，故答案为restricted。解析：Oon解析 词组固定搭配题。根据词性，此处应当填入介词，可选范围为“in, with, for, on”。call (in/round)(on sb./at.)(for sb./sth.)“拜访；去某人家等(取

33、某物或与他人去某处)”。call on/upon sb. (to do sth.): (a)“郑重邀请或要求某人(讲话等)”；(b)“恳求或促使某人(做某事)”。原文意为请国外人士帮助改善本国设施，故选on。解析：Cin解析 逻辑题。根据词性，此处应当填入介词，剩余可选范围为“in, with, for”。此处表示中东生活条件艰苦，所以为了吸引工人，薪酬非常高。故此处是因果关系，能与view构成因果关系的关联词组为in view of“考虑到，由于”。with a view to意为“着眼于，以为目的”，for view of该词不存在。故答案为in。解析：Gmajor解析 词义辨析题。根据词

34、性，此处应当填入形容词。根据上下文可知此处表示高薪是一个重大吸引力，故可选范围为“main, major”。main表示“主要的，最重要的”，往往与定冠词搭配，如Premature birth is the main cause of prenatal mortality.“早产是临产死亡的主要原因。”而major表示“主要的；重要的”，可以与不定冠词搭配，如The UN would play a major role in monitoring a ceasefire.“联合国在监督停火方面会发挥重要作用。”故答案为major。解析：Hallied解析 词义辨析题。根据词性，此处应当填入形容

35、词。上文指出高薪是一大吸引力，下文则提出税率低甚至免税，可见这是另一个好处。在可选的形容词范围内，能表示“另一个，此外的，额外的”含义的仅有allied“紧密结合的”，而associated强调两者之间的联系，联想到一起，不符合文意。解析：Inet解析 词组固定搭配题。根据词性，此处应当填入形容词。上文提出中东税率低甚至免税，因此收入中扣税部分少，则实际收入高。“税后收入”的习惯用法为。net income，故答案为net。解析：Jcompensatory解析 上下文题。根据词性，此处应当填入形容词。原文指“有时一个不利因素往往会有一个有利因素来作为弥补”，advantage与disadvan

36、tage形成对立互补关系，故答案为compensatory。解析：Kfor解析 词组固定搭配题。根据词性，此处应当填入介词。Depend on sb./sth. for sth.“依靠某人/某物以获取”。解析：Lcomplex解析 上下文题。根据词性，此处应当填入形容词。下文指出“full of problems”，可见这些工作难度较高，故此处选用complex。解析：Epresents解析 词义辨析题。根据词性，此处应当填入动词，且需采用第三人称单数形式，故可选范围为“offers, presents”。offer表示“(向某人)提出某事物供考虑、接受或拒绝，提供”；present表示“(指

37、机会、解决办法等)(对某人)显露，产生”：A wonderful opporunity suddenly presented itself.“突然有了个绝妙的机会。”此处后面的宾语为challenge，故最佳答案为presents。Vibrations in the ground are a poorly understood but probably widespread means of communication between animals. It seems 11 that these animals could have detected seismic pre-shocks t

38、hat were missed by the sensitive vibration-detecting equipment that clutters the worlds earthquake laboratories. But it is possible. And the fact that many animal species behave 12 before other natural events such as storms, and that they have the ability to detect others of their species at distanc

39、es which the familiar human senses could not manage, is well established. Such observations have led some to suggest that these animals have an extra sense. The best guess is that they can feel and understand 13 that are transmitted through the ground. Almost all the research done into animal signal

40、ing has been on sight, hearing and smell, because these are senses that people possess. Humans have no sense organs designed specifically to detect 14 vibrations. But, according to researchers who have been meeting in Chicago at a 15 of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology, 16 via vib

41、rations of the ground (a means of communication known as seismic signaling) have been almost entirely 17 . These researchers believe that such signals are far more common than biologists had realizedand that they could explain a lot of otherwise 18 features of animal behavior. A seismic sense could

42、help to explain certain types of elephant behavior. One is an apparent ability to detect thunderstorms well beyond the range that the sound of a storm can carry. Another is the foot-lifting that many elephants display prior to the arrival of another herd. Rather than 19 the horizon with their ears,

43、elephants tend to freeze their posture and raise and lower a single foot. This probably helps them to work out from which direction the vibrations are 20 . Avibration Binexplicable Csymposium Dunlikely Eterrestrial Fstudied Gstrangely Hoverlooked Itravelling Jinteractions Kshakings Lscanning Mshocki

44、ngly Nstudying Oconference（分数：25.00）解析：Dunlikely解析 上下文题。根据词性，此处应当填入形容词。下文指出“But it is possible.”上下文两句之间为转折关系，可见上文应当认为动物能感知地震的前兆是不可能的，故符合文意的选项为unlikely。解析：Gstrangely解析 词义辨析题。根据词性，此处应当填入形容词，可选范围为“shockingly, strangely”。此处指许多动物在诸如风暴等自然灾害来临前举动异常，shockingly表示“令人震惊地”，侧重于让人感到惊讶；而strangely则表示“奇怪地”，侧重于与平时行为不

45、同。故此处答案为strangely。解析：Kshakings解析 语法题。根据词性，此处应当填入名词，而且根据上下文不难推断出此处指“动物们可以感受和理解通过地表传递的振动”。选项中vibration和shakings均可表示“震动”，而且上下文中多处出现vibrations，但根据语法此处应当填入名词复数，因此答案为shakings。解析：Eterrestrial解析 上下文题。根据词性，此处应当填入形容词。上文明确提到震动是“transmitted through the ground”，可见此文研究的是地层震动，故答案为terrestrial“陆地的；地球的”。解析：Csymposium

46、解析 词义辨析题。根据词性，此处应当填入名词。此处文章提到研究人员在芝加哥会面，该会面由综合与比较生物学协会组织，因此空格中应当填入表示会议的选项，但conference泛指各类大会，而symposium更确切，意为“学术研讨会”，根据上下文可见symposium为最佳选项。解析：Jinteractions解析 上下文题。根据词性，此处应当填入名词。根据下文括号中的解释性文字“a means of communication known as seismic signaling”不难推断出此处指通过地面震动的沟通，故答案为interactions“互动”。解析：Hover-looked解析 上

47、下文题。根据词性，此处应当填入形容词。根据上文“Almost all the research done into animal signaling has been on sight， hearing and smell, because these are senses that people possess.”可见人类的研究主要集中在视觉、听觉和嗅觉，因此可推断出对于地面震动的感觉的研究基本上被忽略了。解析：Binexplicable解析 上下文题。根据词性，此处应当填入形容词。此处文章“.they could explain a lot of otherwise -|_|-featur

48、es of animal behavior.”题目空格中的形容词应当修饰动物行为，且以otherwise表示转折，因此此处空格中的词语应当与“explain”相对，故答案为inexplicable。解析：Lscanning 解析 语法题。此处涉及rather than的用法，rather than可以作介词、并列连词和从属连词。 (1)用作介词，其后接代词、名词和动名词。相当于instead of，如：Why didnt you ask for help. rather than trying to do it on your own?你干吗非得自己干，而不请人帮忙? (2)用作并列连词，常用于平等结构，可接名称、形容词、谓语动词、状语、非谓语动词、从句等不同的词项或结构。如：She telephoned rather than wrote. 她打了电话而没有写信。 He wanted to sunbathe rather than (to)swim.他宁愿晒日光浴也不去游泳。 (3)用作从属连词，表示主观上选优。主句表示喜欢做的事(主句常用would, prefer, like等)，从句则表示不喜欢做的事。谓语用不带to的不定式，强调强烈的取舍欲望，译作：“宁可决不”。如：Rather than travel by air, Id prefer a week on a bi