大学英语四级阅读-18及答案解析.doc
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1、大学英语四级阅读-18 及答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Part Reading Compr(总题数:0,分数:0.00)二、Section A(总题数:2,分数:20.00)The flood of women into the job market boosted economic growth and changed U.S. society in many ways. Many in-home jobs that used to be done (1) by womenranging from family shopping to preparing meal
2、s to doing (2) workstill need to be done by someone. Husbands and children now do some of these jobs, a (3) that has changed the target market for many products. Or a working woman may face a crushing “poverty of time“ and look for help elsewhere, creating opportunities for producers of frozen meals
3、, child care centers, dry cleaners, financial services, and the like.Although there is still a big wage (4) between men and women, the income working women (5) gives them new independence and buying power. For example, women now (6) about half of all cars. Not long ago, many car dealers (7) women sh
4、oppers by ignoring them or suggesting that they come back with their husbands. Now car companies have realized that women are (8) customers. Its interesting that some leading Japanese car dealers were the first to (9) pay attention to women customers. In Japan, fewer women have jobs or buy carsthe J
5、apanese society is still very much male-oriented. Perhaps it was the (10) contrast with Japanese society that prompted American firms to pay more attention to women buyers.A. scale B. retailed C. generate D. extremeE. technically F. affordable G. situation H. reallyI. potential J. gap K. voluntary L
6、. excessiveM. insulted N. purchase O. primarily(分数:10.00)填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_How did the early people do their counting? At first, they did all their counting with small stones. Later, they learned to use their fingers in counting. Since man has ten
7、fingers, the number ten became the (1) of all counting in many parts of the world.In 1946 the first electronic computers went into (2) . Since its invention the computer has changed greatly, and it has more and more uses. It can (3) people from difficult measurement and computation.There are (4) com
8、putations in science and engineering. Scientists are unable to make them, but the computer can do them quickly and (5) . For instance, a spaceship cannot leave the earth and go to the moon without computers. What must the spaceship be like? When can it leave? Will it be on the right (6) ? The comput
9、er must answer all these questions.In recent years more and more people have used computers not only in production and technology, but also in everyday life, for the simple reason that they are far more (7) than man. They have much better memories and can (8) large amounts of information. No man (9)
10、 can do 500,000 sums in one second, but a computer can. In fact, computers can do many of the things we do, but faster and better. They can (10) machines in factories, work out tomorrows weather, and even do translation work.In the future we are going to use computers for almost everything almost ev
11、ery day.A. control B. alive C. operation D. reproduceE. correctly F. efficient G. free H. omitI. complex J. foundation K. discipline L. storeM. living N. naturally O. course(分数:10.00)填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、Section B(总题数:2,分数:40.00)Artificial Intellige
12、nce (AI)A. We often dont notice it, but artificial intelligence (AI) is all around us. It is present in computer games, in the cruise control in our cars and the servers that route our email. In June 2002, a robot called Gaak gave an alarming demonstration of its independence. It made a dash for fre
13、edom from an exhibit at the Magna science centre in Rotherham. Gaak crept along a barrier until it found a gap and squeezed through. Having left the building, it reached Magnas exit by the M1 motorway before it was discovered.B. So, can a machine behave like a person? This question underlies artific
14、ial intelligence, the study of intelligent behavior in machines. In the 1980s, AI research focused on creating machines that could solve problems and reason like humans. One of the most difficult problems in artificial intelligence is that of consciousness. A consciousness gives us feelings and make
15、s us aware of our own existence. But scientists have found it difficult getting robots to carry out even the simplest of cognitive tasks. Creating a self-aware robot with real feelings is a significant challenge faced by scientists hoping to imitate human intelligence in a machine. Since the early 1
16、990s, researchers have concentrated on developing smaller, independent robots instead of trying to recreate human intelligence. The model for many of these machines is insect intelligence, which isin its own wayvery sophisticated.C. When it is completed in late 2004, the worlds most powerful compute
17、r will be ASCI Purple, built by IBM. It is expected to carry out 100 trillion operations per second (or 100 teraflops). A supercomputer with double this processing power is expected within the next two years. It is being built to replace ASCI Whiteformerly the worlds most powerful computerwhich occu
18、pies a space the size of two basketball courts at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in Livermore, California. A spokesman for IBM said that ASCI Purple was approaching the processing power of the human brain. But some scientists believe our brains can carry out around 10,000 trillion operat
19、ions per second. HAL, the supercomputer that rebels against its human handlers in the film 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968), is a bold reference to IBM. The letters H, A and L, precede I, B and M in the alphabet.D. In 1950, mathematician Alan Turing devised a test to identify whether a machine displayed
20、 intelligence. In the Turing Test, two people (A and B) sit in a closed room, while an interrogator (询问者) (C) sits outside. Person A tries to fool the interrogator about their gender, while person B tries to assist the interrogator in their identification. Turing suggested a machine take the place o
21、f person A. If the machine consistently fooled the human interrogator, it was likely to be intelligent.E. The possible dangers posed by intelligent machines have inspired countless science fiction films. In The Terminator (1984), a computer network attacks the human race in order to achieve control.
22、 This network then manufactures intelligent robots called “Terminators“ which it programs to destroy human survivors. In The Matrix (1999) and The Matrix Reloaded (2003), a machine enslaves humanity, using people as batteries to power its mainframe. Steven Spielbergs AI: Artificial Intelligence (200
23、2) paints a more sympathetic view of artificial life, depicting sensitive robots that are abused by brutal, selfish human masters.F. One place where artificial intelligence has found a natural home is in the development of computer games. AI in computer games is becoming increasingly sophisticated a
24、s consumer appetites for better, faster, more challenging games grows. In games, Al is often present in the opponents you play against, or in allies or other team members.G. In 1997, then world chess champion Garry Kasparov played against IBMs Deep Blue supercomputerand lost. After six games, the mi
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- 大学 英语四 阅读 18 答案 解析 DOC
