【考研类试卷】厦门大学真题2012年及答案解析.doc

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1、厦门大学真题 2012年及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary an(总题数：30，分数：15.00)1.The weather wasnt favorable and both teams had to _ icy rain and a strong wind during the match.A. pin down B. get stuck inC. take control of D. contend with（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.2.People planning to travel by car to North Dako

2、ta in the winter are advised to _ their cars with snow tires and warm clothing.A. install B. purchase C. provide D. equip（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.3.The consumer _ in recent years has led to an explosion of shopping center development in big cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Canton.A. boom B. volume C. summi

3、t D. pressure（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.4.After a number of disagreements with the committee, the chairman decided to _ his present job.A. retire B. resign C. retreat D. withdraw（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.5.Obviously, no teacher has _ patience. Even Larry, who is always kind and tolerant, lost his temper on that partic

4、ular occasion.A. definite B. spectacular C. infinite D. composed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.6.Scientists use observation and experimentation to examine a specific concept _ existing theories and principles.A. in the light of B. in view ofC. as to D. in the interest of（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.7.As the ship is loaded, i

5、t will sink deeper and deeper into the water, but only sink deep enough to _ an amount of water equal to the weight of the ship and its cargo.A. dismiss B. offset C. displace D. squeeze（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.8.Among other things the Town Council is responsible for parks, fire services, _ collection and li

6、braries.A. refuse B. plague C. robbery D. insect（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.9.On leaving school he became an office-boy and having no _ to rise higher, he only wasted his time.A. ambition B. determination C. success D. purpose（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.10.A feeling of tiredness almost _ the soldier on duty and he had to

7、 struggle hard to keep awake.A. overcame B. defeated C. conquered D. overtook（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.11.The “formal learning“ refers to all learning which takes place in the classroom, regardless of whether such learning is _ by conservative or progressive ideologies.A. secured B. attained C. manifest D. i

8、nformed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.12.Formal learning is separated from daily life and may actually promote ways of learning and thinking which often run _ to those obtained from practical daily life.A. parallel B. contradictory C. opposite D. counter（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.13.We were _ by the extent to which teacher

9、s decisions served the interests of the school rather than those of the students.A. struck B. puzzled C. attracted D. misled（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.14.The findings of the two archaeologists _ the burial customs of the ancient Egyptians.A. paid attention to B. gained access toC. threw light upon D. keep tra

10、ck of（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.15.In recent years, business schools _ the masters degree in business administration enjoy great popularity among the management in big companies.A. representing B. offering C. presenting D. supplying（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.16.The scheme for rebuilding the city center _, owing to the

11、refusal of a Council to sanction the expenditure of the money it would have required.A. fell down B. fell out C. fell off D. fell flat（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.17.The changing image of the family on television provides _ into changing attitudes toward the family in society.A. presentations B. revelationsC. s

12、pecifications D. insights（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.18.According to Plato, the most important idea is the idea of “good“. Knowledge of “good“ is the object of all inquiry, a goal to which all other things are _.A. approximate B. crucial C. subordinate D. detached（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.19.If children who cannot writ

13、e are asked to write the story they have been told orally , they tend to scribble in _ across a page.A. patterns B. designs C. models D. scratches（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.20.Travelling like this is really an adventure. Very often, youre doing something strange where you dont know whats going to _ around the

14、 next bend.A. turn off B. turn on C. turn away D. turn up（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.21.Nuclear power plants are some of the largest producers of _ wastes, with each plant producing barrels of radioactive material that must be stored in special protective containers.A. biodegradable B. hazardousC. reasonable D

15、. durable（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.22.The scientific community was _ when a living specimen of the coelacanth, long thought to be _ was discovered by deep-sea fisherman.A. perplexed. common B. overjoyed. dangerousC. unconcerned. local D. astounded. extinct（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.23.After the governors third trip to

16、 overseas, voters complained that he was paying too little attention to _ affairs.A. intellectual B. foreign C. professional D. domestic（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.24.The Roman Emperor Claudius was viewed with _ by generations of historians until newly discovered evidence showed him to be _ administrator.A. su

17、spicion.a clever B. disdain.a capableC. antagonism.an eager D. indignation.an incompetent（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.25.Communities in primitive areas where natural _ is scarce must be resourceful in order to secure adequate nutrition.A. education B. competition C. sustenance D. agriculture（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.26.

18、Anthonys _ expression masked an essential cheerful nature.A. jubilant B. inevitable C. dour D. pert（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.27.Her shrewd campaign managers were responsible for the fact that her political slogans were actually forgotten cliches revived and _ with new meaning.A. fathomed B. instilled C. fore

19、closed D. instigated（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.28.The stoic former general led his civilian life as he had his military life, with simplicity and _ dignity.A. benevolent B. informal C. austere D. aggressive（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.29.Although bound to impose the law, a judge is free to use his discretion to _ the ana

20、chronistic barbarity of some criminal penalties.A. mitigate B. understand C. condone D. provoke（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.30.Henry viewed Melissa as _; she seemed to be against any position regardless of its merits.A. heretical B. disobedientC. contrary D. inattentive（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：

21、0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：3，分数：30.00)The world seems to be going diet crazy, and yet our nations obesity rate has shot up year after year. And, its not only the over 20 population that has to worry about their weight anymore. Children from kindergarten to twelfth grade are also experiencing the prob

22、lems of an overweight lifestyle.According to the website cosmiverse, corn, 11% of adolescents are categorized as being overweight, and another 16% are in danger of becoming overweight. This is a 60% jump from the 1980s.Some of the blame is being put on schools wanting to fit more academic classes in

23、to the childrens schedule rather than waste time on physical education. This new take on education has left us with physical activity at an all-time national low, resulting in obesity and poor physical conditioning at an all-time national high. The schools have tried a few solutions, the most recent

24、 in the news has been taking soda out of schools and increasing the required time children must be active during school.Will those methods help at all? Education is important at school, but starts at home. I believe students are getting their bad habits from watching their parents and how they eat a

25、nd exercise. The school system only helps to hinder the childs dietary eating. I know there are studies showing genes that determine how a child will be built. That does not explain, however, why the rate continues to increase at such a rapid rate each year. It seems more likely that more and more f

26、amilies have both parents working, leaving their children to their own means for a meal.“Nintendo, TV, Playstation and the like,“ are what Physical Education teacher, Sue Arostegui, attributes the inactiveness to, “parents are either gone or too scared with todays society to let them out and play“.C

27、lasses on health need to become more regular and sports need to be encouraged. At Live Oak High School, the staff does good job of teaching how to eat and exercise to stay healthy. The freshmen study health every Wednesday in P. E. , and Pare James teaches healthy eating and food preparation in Home

28、 Economics for the first few weeks of every school year.“Kids have no idea how many calories they are eating,“ said James of the overweight problems facing students. “Fast food is becoming more popular, its easier and parents are busy. They are only setting their kids up to gain weight with that die

29、t however“.School cafeterias are also getting blamed for the students eating habits. “Healthy eating should start at home,“ said L. O. H. S. cafeteria cook, Brenda Myers. “Too many kids are being raised on fast food. After eating so much fast food they dont have any tastes for real home cooked food.

30、 I always have healthy foods for students, but they are less likely to eat them. “Other schools do not even have the type of programs Live Oak offers and are suffering even worse consequences. Sports keep students fit and healthy. There need to be more readily available sports programs for anyone wh

31、o would like to join. Many students when they feel they do not meet the standards for a team will admit defeat and drop off the team. There needs to be a program that all students will be interested in and continue through for the entire season.Schools can only do and be blamed for so much however,

32、and it will be up to the parents to become more aware of what activities their children are participating in and how healthy they are eating. Until that happens, I foresee the obesity rate continuing on its uphill curve.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following is similar in meaning to the word “obesity“

33、?A. Extremely heavy. B. Quite plump.C. Unhealthily fat. D. Rather stout.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What is the trend in education that has led to an increase in obesity?A. Banning all types of soda drinks in schools.B. Adding more academic classes at the expense of physical education.C. No readily availab

34、le sports programs for everyone.D. The tendency to neglect courses on healthy eating.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What is the chief reason for the increase in obese students?A. The genes of the students.B. The poor quality of school cafeteria food.C. Inactiveness due to playing computer games.D. The negativ

35、e example of their parents.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What should be done to improve students awareness of the importance of a healthy diet?A. Inform the students of the calorie content of the food they eat.B. Help students foster a taste for home cooked food.C. Stop the cafeterias from selling fast food.

36、D. Provide programs like those offered at Live Oak High School.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to the passage, the obesity rate of students will continue to grow unless _.A. all schools increase the time for students to be physically activeB. parents are more alert to what their children do and eatC.

37、 schools increase the number of sports programs and activitiesD. students are taught to change their eating habits（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.The collaboration among scientists, universities and industry is not new. Both the university administration and the industry play a role in developing the scientific kn

38、owledge in the academic environment. The university is usually responsible for obtaining patents and for licensing the rights for its professors inventions. The company, having licensed the product, must provide the considerable financial backing required for its development and marketing.In the bes

39、t of all possible worlds, the inventors, the university administrators and the company executives work as a well-oiled machine that creates a beneficial product and generates capital to support the academic lab, the scientist, the university and the companys shareholders. In the real world, however,

40、 each of these component parts has its own agenda. The goal may not entirely overlap.When a university stands to gain financially from the commercialization of one of its professors inventions, for example, the professor may hesitate, out of conflict-of-interest issues, to participate in the trials

41、of the new product. Such a policy causes friction and frustration in the relationship between the university administration and the faculty members.Universities themselves have faced the frustration of licensing their inventions to companies that have then sublicensed them to other firms for enormou

42、s fees. Because these “fees“ can be disguised by a variety of accounting procedures, there is no way for the university or the inventor to participate in the profits of the sublicensing agreement. Thus, unless the invention becomes a product, the profits made by the company are not shared by the uni

43、versity or the inventor.Meanwhile it is the company who writes the checks. Of the three parties involved, it compromises the least. As a rule, the company shows more concern over new ideas and new products which can be used to benefit itself and the public good as well.So the scientist, the universi

44、ty and the industry find themselves on a three-way street where ideas from the academic laboratory move into the realm of application. Because the use of this highway has increased dramatically in recent years, traffic jams and collisions have been unavoidable. And, increasingly, basic research is d

45、iverted from its path. Inevitably, such sidetracking will slow the movement of basic science discoveries into technical products.Preventing this slowdown requires some new rules of the road. Increased government funding for research is necessary to restore order by redirecting lab efforts back towar

46、d basic researchthe well spring of all applied technologies.The scientist and the university must cease regarding companies as money-providers with deep pockets and learn from the business world how economic realities are integrated into idealistic goals. And the companys attitude that “the scientis

47、t has done the easy work“ has to give way to adapting to a more inclusive approach that permits participation by the scientist and the university in deciding on the best road to development. Without these accommodations on all sides, the flow of idea into products will be slowed, and all parties, in

48、cluding society at large, will suffer from the gridlock.（分数：10.00）(1).Before the invention becomes a product, universities mostly worry that _.A. whether the product would be beneficial to themselvesB. they cant share the profits if the invention is sublicensed to other firmsC. financial support req

49、uired for its development cant be foundD. there will be conflict-of-interest issues between them and the faculty（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Slowdown of basic science discoveries into technical products is directly due to _.A. the profit orientation of industryB. traffic jams and collisions on “this highway“C. diversion of basic research from its pathD. dramatic increase in the use of “this highway/（分