【考研类试卷】考研英语-试卷88及答案解析.doc

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1、考研英语-试卷 88及答案解析(总分：142.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：2，分数：80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_Modern liberal opinion is sensitive to problems of restriction of freedom and abuse of

2、power. (1)_, many hold that a man can be injured only by violating his will, but this view is much too (2)_. It fails to (3)_ the great dangers we shall face in the (4)_ of biomedical technology that stems from an excess of freedom, from the unrestrained (5)_ of will. In my view, our greatest proble

3、ms will be voluntary self-degradation, or willing dehumanization, as is the unintended yet often inescapable consequence of sternly and successfully pursuing our humanization (6)_. Certain (7)_ and perfected medical technologies have already had some dehumanizing consequences. Improved methods of re

4、suscitation have made (8)_ heroic efforts to “save“ the severely ill and injured. Yet these efforts are sometimes only partly successful: They may succeed in (9)_ individuals, but these individuals may have sever brain damage and be capable of only a less-than-human, vegetating (10)_. Such patients

5、have been (11)_ a death with dignity. Families are forced to bear the burden of a (12)_ “death watch“. (13)_ the ordinary methods of treating disease and prolonging life have changed the (14)_ in which men die. Fewer and fewer people die in the familiar surroundings of home or in the (15)_ of family

6、 and friends. This loneliness, (16)_, is not confined to the dying patient in the hospital bed. As a group, the elderly are the most alienated members of our society: Not yet (17)_ the world of the dead, not deemed fit for the world of the living, they are shunted (18)_. We have learned how to incre

7、ase their years, (19)_ we have not learned how to help them enjoy their days. Yet we continue to bravely and feverishly push back the frontiers (20)_ death.（分数：40.00）A.IndeedB.LikewiseC.ThereforeD.FurthermoreA.detachedB.prejudicedC.favoredD.interferedA.identifyB.promoteC.recognizeD.assistA.allocatio

8、nB.expenseC.restrictionD.availabilityA.adviceB.accessC.executionD.exerciseA.functionsB.goalsC.purposesD.originsA.obtainedB.affordedC.desiredD.offeredA.possibleB.probableC.properD.potentialA.supportingB.rescuingC.replacingD.retrievingA.maintenanceB.survivalC.lifeD.existenceA.deprivedB.repelledC.rejec

9、tedD.deniedA.shortenedB.prolongedC.removedD.extendedA.EvenB.ButC.OnlyD.HenceA.rangeB.scopeC.contextD.territoryA.wakeB.processC.companyD.lightA.moreoverB.howeverC.henceD.thusA.limited toB.isolated fromC.prepared forD.absorbed intoA.awayB.asideC.offD.downA.exceptB.soC.orD.butA.aboveB.againstC.uponD.wi

10、th二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：10，分数：58.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D._How did the company come to produce a record glorifying the murder of police, which is entitled Cop Killer by

11、the rapper Ice-T on the album Boby Count? The album is released by Warner Bros. Records, part of the Time Warner media and entertainment conglomerate. In a Wall Street Journal oped piece laying out the company“s position? Time Warner co-CEO Gerald Levin makes two defenses. First, Ice-T“s Cop Killer

12、is misunderstood. “It doesn“t induce or glorify violence. It“s his fictionalized attempt to get inside a character“s head. Cop Killer is no more a call for gunning down the police than Frankie and Johnny is a summons for jilted lovers to shoot one another“. Instead of “finding ways to silence the me

13、ssenger“, we should be “heeding the anguished cry contained in his message“. This defense is self-contradictory. Frankie and Johnny does not pretend to have a political “message“ that must be “heeded“. If Cop Killer has a message, it is that the murder of policemen is a justified response to police

14、brutality. And not in self-defense, but in premeditated acts of revenge against random cops. Killing policemen is a good thingthat is the plain meaning of the song, and no “larger understanding“ of black culture, the rage of the streets or anything else can explain it away. As in much of today“s pop

15、ular music, the line between performer and performance is purposely blurred. These are political sermonettes clearly intended to support the sentiments being expressed. Traey Marrow (Ice-T) himself has said, “I scared the police, and they need to be scared“. That seems clear. The company“s second de

16、fense of Cop Killer is the classic one of free expression: “We stand for creative freedom. We believe that the worth of what an artist or journalist has to say does not depend on preapproval from a government official or a corporate censor“. Of course Ice-T has the right to say whatever he wants. Bu

17、t that doesn“t require any company to provide him an outlet. And it doesn“t relieve a company of responsibility for the messages it chooses to promote. Judgment is not “censorship“. Many an “anguished cry“ goes unrecorded. This one was recorded, and promoted, because a successful artist under contra

18、ct wanted to record it. Nothing wrong with making money, but a company cannot take the money and run from the responsibility. The founder of Time, Henry Luce, would have scorned the notion that his company provided a value-free forum for the exchange of ideas. In Luce“s system, editors were supposed

19、 to make value judgments and promote the truth as they saw it.（分数：10.00）(1).In the eyes of the author, Ice T“s Cop Killer should be condemned for（分数：2.00）A.praising acts of violence against police.B.seeking to earn enormous sums of money.C.working under contract with a company.D.exercising revenge a

20、gainst random cops.(2).Gerald Levin mentions the case of Frankie and Johnny to justify（分数：2.00）A.calling for creative freedom.B.bringing home to self-defenses.C.perceiving true messages.D.accepting the murder of lovers.(3).It is often claimed that some messages conveyed in popular music（分数：2.00）A.ar

21、e nothing but fictions.B.are intended for performers.C.are supposed to be true.D.are too vague to recognize.(4).The author asserts that Gerald Levin“s defenses of Cop Killer are（分数：2.00）A.unreasonable but clear.B.illogical and outmoded.C.simple and responsible.D.fresh but superficial.(5).It can be l

22、earned that the company has moved far from its founder“s（分数：2.00）A.notional rigidity.B.creative styles.C.official images.D.media criteria.Until recently, mobile radio was to wireless communications what the Yugo was to transportation. With a mixed clientele ranging from truckers using CBs to police

23、armed with walkie-talkies to taxi drivers dispatched by radio, it was viewed as an unglamorous business and a technological backwater. But specialized mobile radio, as it is known, has been rediscovered. It is now considered one of the biggest prizes in the all-out war for the public airwaves. The r

24、eason: high-tech companies have figured out how to profitably rebuild the antiquated dispatching system into an advanced cellular-telephone network that can take on the likes of ATT and the giant Baby Bells. Upstart Nextel Communications sent shock waves through the industry last week when it agreed

25、 to buy Motorola“s SMR frequencies for $1.8 billion. That could pose a serious threat to cellular hegemony. Although both systems are based on the same basic technology, SMR systems are digital and cover almost 25 times as much area as the average cellular network. SMR handsets won“t work on cellula

26、r systems and tend to be bulkier than cellular phones, though they provide more features, like a digital pager service. And while cellular growth has tripled to some 13 million subscribers since 2000, the technology has been losing ground. It is running out of channel capacity so fast, in fact, that

27、 40% of cellular calls in high-density areas like Manhattan and Los Angeles fail to be completed. SMRs have capacity to spare, and service could eventually be priced 10% to 15% less than cellular. Dispatchers predict they will have at least 10 million subscribers by the end of the decade. There are

28、now about 1.5 million users of SMRs. The addition of another contender to an already crowded field of telephone systems will surely multiply the confusion. By the year 2010, consumers will be able to choose from at least half a dozen vendors of a dizzying array of wireless-communications services, i

29、ncluding pagers, voice mail answering machines and cellular phones. Phone and cable television operators, such as Bell South, MCI and Cox Enterprises, are developing so-called personal-communications networks, or PCNs, a highly advanced portable-phone system that is expected to cover a wider area, c

30、onnect to a greater variety of services and be cheaper to operate than conventional cellular. And many companies that have gambled on the wrong technological standards, and invested billions trying to develop the same markets, will undoubtedly lose a great deal of money before the shakeout is over.

31、“The winners“, says Nextel chairman Morgan O“Brien, “will be those who can make the choice for consumers easy“. With all the anticipated confusionmindful of the early years of personal computersit is likely to be years before anyone calls the purchase of wireless products an “easy“ choice.（分数：10.00）

32、(1).How did mobile radio systems find its business competitiveness?（分数：2.00）A.Its technological features have radically changed.B.It has been rebuilt to cater to various subscribers.C.Its dimensions have been reduced by wide margins.D.It was connected to a greater variety of services.(2).SMR systems

33、 gain an edge over other services mostly by virtue of（分数：2.00）A.its prohibitive retail prices.B.its operational convenience.C.its wider coverage areas.D.its small storage capacity.(3).We learn from the text that users of wireless products are more often than not confronted with（分数：2.00）A.missing net

34、works.B.technical failures.C.wrong standards.D.confusing choices.(4).The basic problem with mobile telephone companies as pointed out by the writer lies in their（分数：2.00）A.enthusiasm about competition.B.dubious technological standards.C.exaggeration of product features.D.awkward marketing strategies

35、.(5).From the text we can see that the writer seems（分数：2.00）A.detached.B.realistic.C.sensitive.D.optimistic.The day was star-crossed: Friday the 13th in the month of October, on the eve of the second looming anniversary of a devastating market crash. “I“m telling you, psychology is really funny. Peo

36、ple get crazy in situations like that“, said portfolio strategist Elaine Garzarelli. Last week Friday the 13th lived up to its frightful reputation. After drifting lower at a sleepy pace for most of the day, the Dow Jones industrial average abruptly lurched into a hair-raising sky dive in the final

37、hour of trading. The Bush Administration moved swiftly to avert any sense of crisis after the market Closed. Declared Treasury Secretary Nicholas Brady: “It“s important to recognize that today“s stock market decline doesn“t signal any fundamental change in the condition of the economy. The economy r

38、emains well balanced, and the outlook is for continued moderate growth“. But Massachusetts Democrat Edward Markey, who chairs a House subcommittee on telecommunications and finance, vowed to hold hearings this week on the stock market slide. Said he: “This is the second heart attack. My hope is that

39、 before we have the inevitable third heart attack, we pay attention to these problems“. Experts found no shortage of culprits to blame for the latest shipwreck. A series of downbeat realizations converged on Friday, ranging from signs of a new burst of inflation to sagging corporate profits to troub

40、les in the junk-bond market that has fueled major takeovers. The singular event that shook investors was the faltering of a $6.75 billion labor management buyout of UAL, the parent company of United Airlines, the second largest U.S. carrier. On one point most thoughtful Wall Streeters agreed: the ma

41、rket had reached such dizzying heights that a correction of some sort seemed almost inevitable. Propelled by favorable economic news and a wave of multibillion-dollar takeovers, stocks had soared more than 1,000 points since the 1987 crash. But by last August some Wall streeters were clearly worried

42、. The heaviest blow to the market came Friday afternoon. In a three-paragraph statement, UAL said a labor-management group headed by Chairman Stephen Wolf had failed to get enough financing to acquire United. Several banks had apparently balked at the deal, which was to be partly financed through ju

43、nk bonds. The take-over group said it would submit a revised bid “in the near term“, but the announcement stunned investors who had come to view the United deal as the latest sure thing in the 1980s buyout binge. Said John Downey, a trader at the Chicago Board Options Exchange: “The airline stocks h

44、ave looked like attractive takeover targets. But with the United deal in trouble, everyone started to wonder what other deals might not go through.“（分数：10.00）(1).The tone of the writer as reflected in the first sentence is（分数：2.00）A.sensible.B.irrational.C.defiant.D.ironical.(2).How do the public fe

45、el about the current economic situation?（分数：2.00）A.Trustful.B.Panicked.C.Carefree.D.Confused.(3).When mentioning “the latest shipwreck“ (Para. 3), the author is talking about（分数：2.00）A.stock market decline.B.junk bond market.C.enormous acquisitions.D.corporate profits.(4).The main reason for the lat

46、est crisis in stock market as pointed out by the writer lies in（分数：2.00）A.the perception of inflation.B.the collapse of confidence.C.the failure of a buyout deal.D.the correction of a market.(5).What does the writer say of the stock market decline?（分数：2.00）A.Such an acute crisis usually precedes a b

47、oom.B.It will constitute attractive takeover targets.C.Investors have trouble plucking up courage.D.It triggered responses from various sectors.Should anyone much care whether an American boy living overseas gets six vicious thwacks on his backside? So much has been argued, rejoined and rehashed abo

48、ut the case of Michael Fay, an 18-year-old convicted of vandalism and sentenced to a caning in Singapore, that an otherwise sorry little episode has shaded into a certified International Incident, complete with intercessions by the U.S. head of state. An affair has outraged American libertarians even as it has animated a general debate about morality East and West and the proper functioning of U.S. law and order. Which, to all appearances, is what Singapore wanted. The question of whether anyone should care about Michael Fay is idle: though Si