【考研类试卷】考研英语-948及答案解析.doc

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1、考研英语-948 及答案解析(总分：96.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Sometimes we have specific problems with our mother; sometimes, life with her can just be hard work. If there are difficulties in your (1) , its best to deal with them, (2) remember that any (3) should be done (4) person or by le

2、tter. The telephone is not a good (5) because it is too easy (6) either side to (7) the conversation.Explain to her (8) you find difficult in your relationship and then (9) some new arrangements that you think would establish a (10) balance between you. Sometimes we hold (11) from establishing such

3、boundaries because we are afraid that doing (12) implies we are (13) her. We need to remember that being (14) from our mother does not (15) mean that we no longer love her. If the conflict is (16) and you cannot find a way to (17) it, you might decide to give up your relationship with your mother fo

4、r a while. Some of my patients had (18) “trial separations“. The (19) allowed things to simmer down, enabling (20) .（分数：10.00）(1).A. relationship B. emission C. emulation D. interpretation（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. and B. but C. thus D. or（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. contradiction B. estimation C. confronta

5、tion D. immersion（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. by B. for C. to D. in（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. innovation B. manoeuvre C. medium D. synthesis（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. on B. for C. off D. to（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. formulate B. commence C. perceive D. terminate（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. whether B. how C. what D. wh

6、y（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. propose B. perform C. remove D. outline（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. distinctive B. turbulent C. spontaneous D. healthier（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. back B. on C. off D. by（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. it B. which C. what D. so（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. mustering B. ejecting C. insulting D

7、. retaliating（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. harmonious B. wholesome C. malignant D. independent（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. instantly B. reluctantly C. necessarily D. steadily（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. moderate B. hereditary C. inevitable D. extreme（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. shape B. resolve C. simulate D. grind（

8、分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. successful B. compulsory C. miserable D. stationary（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. blunder B. temptation C. break D. trait（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. reconciliation B. rebellion C. recreation D. rehearse（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1

9、(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Dont look now, but theyre all around you. Theyre standing by the copy machine, hovering by the printer, answering the phone. Yes, theyre the overworked, underappreciated interns: young, eager and not always paid. And with just 20% of the graduating class of 2009 gainfully employed, a

10、ccording to the National Association of Colleges and Employers, there are more and more of them each day. It seems the importance of internships for securing full-time work has dramatically increased over the years.Intern, previously used in the medical profession to define a person with a degree bu

11、t without a license to practice, became a term for a physician in training following World War I, when medical school was no longer seen as preparation enough for practice. Later, the word migrated to politics as an alternative to the term apprentice as a reference to those interested in learning ab

12、out careers in government. Meanwhile, co-op programs, in which students would work at a company for an extended period during college, emerged. From 1970 to 1983, the number of colleges and universities offering the programs increased from 200 to 1,000. Sure, it took an extra year to earn a B.A., bu

13、t for three months each school year, students worked for companies they were interested in, tried out careers they werent sure about and earned money to help cover tuition.Internship programs have produced several successes: Bill Gates was once a congressional page, and Oprah Winfrey worked at a CBS

14、 affiliate during her college years, just to name a few. Of course, Monica Lewinsky was a 22-year-old White House intern when she engaged in an intimate relationship with President Clinton, a scandal that still taints both offices.Todays interns are not limited to summer jobs at their local business

15、es. Some programs provide dorm housing in cities like New York and Washington, allowing students from around the country to work for the nations biggest companies. Many popular cities even have Facebook groups devoted to providing social outings and networking opportunities for the thousands of inte

16、rns who descend each summer.Though internships were formerly touted as an opportunity for students to explore career options, doing so now comes with a price. Some experts argue that internships punish those who might decide later than age 18 what they want to do with their life. More important, the

17、y can favor wealthier students, who can afford to not make any money during the summer, over the less privileged. Still, with pressure increasing on students to find work, the clamor for internships is only growing. To land that first job, career advisers now say, applicants should have two or more

18、internships under their belt. Anyone who takes a summer to simply explore might be too late.（分数：10.00）(1).We learn from the first paragraph that internsA. are assigned the least important jobs. B. are almost everywhere on the planet.C. belong to the 20% of the graduating class D. are more probably t

19、o get a full-time offer.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to Paragraph 2, the word “intern“A. is no longer used in medical profession. B. has a long ancient history.C. is more widely used now. D. has substituted the word apprentice.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The case of Monica Lewinsky is cited in Paragraph

20、3 to show thatA. Lewinsky is a successful intern model for others to learn from.B. interns can be influential, though may not in a positive way.C. working in governments is more complicated than in CBS.D. interns should watch out for their behaviors, avoiding scandals.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of t

21、he following is true of the summer jobs?A. Summer jobs are necessary try-outs for future careers.B. Interns have to pay for the summer lodging themselves.C. Facebook groups are very helpful in terms of organizing outings.D. Bigger companies like wealthier students.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the f

22、ollowing would be the best title for the text?A. Talent Market: Past and PresentB. Internship: A Must for Promising CareersC. Exploration for Job Options-Summer JobsD. How to Secure A Full-time Job（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The consequences of heavy drinking are well documented: failin

23、g health, broken marriages, regrettable late-night phone calls. But according to Gregory Luzaichs calculations, there can be a downside to modest drinking, toothough one that damages the wallet, not the liver.The Pek Wine Steward prevents wine from spoiling by injecting argon, an inert gas, into the

24、 bottle before sealing it airtight with silicon. Mr. Luzaich. a mechanical engineer in Windsor, Calif.in the Sonoma County wine countryfirst tallied the costs of his reasonable consumption in October 2001. “Id like to come home in the evening and have a glass of wine with dinner,“ he said. “My wife

25、doesnt drink very much. so the bottle wouldnt get consumed. And maybe I would forget about it the next day, and Id check back a day or two later, and the wine would be spoiled.“ That meant he was wasting most of a $15 to $20 bottle of wine. dozens of times a year.A cheek of the wine-preservation gad

26、gets on the market left Mr. Luzaich dissatisfied High-end wine cabinets cost thousands of dollarsa huge investment for a glass-a-day drinker. Affordable preservers, meanwhile, didnt quite perform to Mr. Luzaichs liking; be thought they allowed too much oxidation, which degrades the taste of a wine.T

27、he solution, he decided, was a better gas. Many preservers pumped nitrogen into an opened bottle to slow a wines decline, even though oenological literature suggested that argon was more effective. So when he began designing the Pek Wine Steward. a metal cone into which a wine bottle is inserted, Mr

28、. Luzaich found that his main challenge was to figure out how best to introduce the argon.He spent months fine-tuning a gas injection system. “We used computational fluid dynamics to model the gas flow,“ Mr. Luzaich said. referring to a computer-analysis technique that measures how smoothly particle

29、s are flowing. The goal was to create an injector that could swap a bottles oxygen atoms for argon atoms; argon is an inert gas, and thus unlikely to harm a nice Chianti.Mr. Luzaich, who had previously designed medical and telecommunications products, also worked on creating an airtight seal, to sec

30、ure the bottle after the argon was injected. He experimented with several substances, from neoprene to a visco-elastic polymer (which he dismissed as “too gooey“), before settling on a food-grade silicon.To save wine, a bottle is placed inside the Pek Wine Steward, the top is closed, and a trigger i

31、s pulled for 5 to 10 seconds, depending on how much wine remains. When the trigger is released, the bottle is sealed automatically, preserving the wine for a week or more. the company says. “We wanted to make it very easy for the consumer,“ Mr. Luzaich said. “Its basically mindless.“The device, whic

32、h resembles a high-tech thermos, first became available to consumers in March 2004, and 8,000 to 10.000 have been sold, primarily through catalogs like those of The Wine Enthusiast and Hammacher Schlemmer The base model sells for $99; a deluxe model, which also includes a thermoelectric cooler, is $

33、199（分数：10.00）(1).According to Gregory Luzaich. the disadvantage of modest drinking is_.A. damaging the liverB. costing muchC. breaking marriagesD. spoiling the wine（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The word “tallied“ (Line 3, Para. 2) probably means_.A. calculatedB. corresponded toC. listedD. gave（分数：2.00）A.B.C.

34、D.(3).According to the text, the “Pek Wine Steward“ is_.A. a metal coneB. a thermoelectric coolerC. a gas injectorD. a wine preserver（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Mr. Luzaich created the seal to prevent the wine from declining with_.A. neopreneB. visco-elastic polymerC. siliconD. argon（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Mr

35、. Luzaichs attitude to the automatic sealing is_.A. oppositionB. suspicionC. approvalD. indifference（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Fear seems to be the dominant mood of the moment. Hurricanes, tidal waves, floods, earthquakes and terrorism this year have all brought with them not only appa

36、lling scenes of devastation, death and suffering, but also outrage at the lack of preparations to avoid or cope with these disasters. Now even the birds of the air are a threat, we are told. That migrating flock visible On the horizon at sunset, once a consoling reminder of the eternal rhythms of na

37、ture, could be carrying the virus which might soon kill tens of millions of people.Given the many fingers pointed at governments in the wake of other disasters this year, it is hardly surprising that they are scrambling to respond to the threat posed by avian influenza. After confirmation this week

38、that the HSN1 strain of bird flu, which has been spreading quickly in Asia, had been discovered in Romania and perhaps Greece, European Union foreign ministers convened an emergency meeting. President George Bush, still smarting from a torrent of criticism of his governments clumsy response to Hurri

39、cane Katrina, has promised to rush out emergency plans for dealing with an outbreak of pandemic flu which have been stalled for years. Countries around the world are hurrying to stockpile the only current antiviral drug, Tamifln, which might be effective in saving lives in any pandemic or curbing it

40、s spread. The World Health Organisation is calling for an internationally coordinated effort. Health ministers from around the globe are due to meet next week in Canada to discuss what steps to take.Is any of this eff6rt justified? Or are politicians simply helping to feed public panic, and then cov

41、ering themselves by promising to spend lavishly against a threat which may never materialize and to reduce a risk which they do not understand? To ask these questions is not to counsel complacency, but to apply the kind of test which is required in any kind of disaster planning, not least because th

42、e world is an inherently dangerous place and it is impossible to plan against every possible disaster. With the media full of warnings of impending mass death, an overreaction is all too possible.（分数：10.00）(1).It can be inferred from the first paragraph that _.A. strong resentment resulted from the

43、lack of preparations to cope with recent disastersB. the dominant mood of the moment resulted in the appalling scenes of devastationC. tens of millions of people could carry the virus on the horizonD. reminder of the eternal rhythms of nature emerged at sunset to avoid these disasters（分数：2.00）A.B.C.

44、D.(2).According to the text, American emergency plans for coping with an outbreak of pandemic flu _.A. have been stipulated B. have been enactedC. have been abolished D. have been delayed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following remarks on our available antiviral medication would the author make?A

45、. Effective but poisonous. B. Harmful but populous.C. Meager and not reliable. D. Affordable and palatable.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The phrase “not least“ in the last but one sentence of the text means _.A. at most B. not at allC. marginally D. particularly（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).It can be inferred from th

46、e last paragraph of the text that _.A. strong and intense response derive from the mass mediaB. the attempts to be made can no longer be justified by their intentionC. public panic would be diluted by politicians promiseD. the only remedy is to spend lavishly against a threat（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.七、Text

47、4(总题数：2，分数：11.00)Recent years have brought minority-owned businesses in the United States unprecedented opportunities-as well as new and significant risks. Civil right activists have long argued that one of the principal reasons why Blacks, Hispanics and other minority groups have difficulty establi

48、shing themselves in business is that they lack of access to the sizable orders and subcontracts that are generated by large companies. Now Congress, in apparent agreement, has required by law that businesses awarded federal contracts of more than $ 500, 000 do their best to find minority subcontract

49、ors and record their efforts to do so on forms filed with the government. Indeed, some federal and local agencies have gone so far as to set specific percentage goals for apportioning parts of public works contracts to minority enterprises.Corporate response appears to have been substantial. According to figures collected in 1977, the total of corporate contracts with minority businesses rose from $ 77 million in 1972 to 1.1 billion in 1977. The projected total of corporate contracts with minority businesses for the ea