【考研类试卷】考研英语-39及答案解析.doc

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1、考研英语-39 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：10.00)People often wonder why historians go to so much trouble to preserve millions of books, documents and records of the past. Why do we have libraries? WhatU (1) /Uare these documents and theU (2) /Ubooks? Why do weU (3) /Uand save the

2、actions of men, the negotiations of statesmen and theU (4) /Uof armies?Because, sometimes, the voice of experience canU (5) /Uus to stop, look and listen. And because, sometimes, past records, U(6) /Uinterpreted, can give usU (7) /Uof what to do and what not to do.If we are to createU (8) /Upeace fo

3、rever, we must seekU (9) /Uorigins in human experience and in the record of humanU (10) /U. From the story of the endurance, courage andU (11) /Uof men and women, we create the inspiration of youth. From stories of the Christian men, right down to Budapests heroic men of today, history records the s

4、uffering, the self-denial, the loyalty and the heroicU (12) /Uof men. Surely from these records there can come help to mankind in ourU (13) /Uand perplexities, and in our yearningsU (14) /Upeace.TheU (15) /Upurpose of history is a better world. History gives a warning to those who wouldU (16) /Uwar.

5、 HistoryU (17) /Uinspiration to those who seek peace. U(18) /U, history helps us learn. Yesterdays records can keep us fromU (19) /Uyesterdays mistakes. And from the pieces of mosaic assembled by historians come tile great printingsU (20) /Urepresent the progress of mankind.（分数：10.00）A.rightB.goodC.

6、importantD.fineA.oldB.formerC.historyD.previousA.finishB.recordC.writeD.reserveA.campaignsB.activitiesC.movementsD.journeysA.letB.hopeC.causeD.makeA.directlyB.speciallyC.mainlyD.correctlyA.opinionsB.warningsC.answersD.ideasA.enduringB.illustratingC.expressingD.exposingA.itsB.ourC.hisD.herA.mechanism

7、B.empiricismC.conservatismD.idealismA.emotionB.ambitionC.devotionD.optionA.behaviorsB.deedsC.dutiesD.performancesA.confusionsB.afflictionsC.passionD.affectionA.withB.toC.byD.forA.lastB.supremeC.importantD.excellentA.raiseB.createC.increaseD.promoteA.receivesB.choosesC.bringsD.conveysA.In shortB.In a

8、llC.In additionD.In factA.repeatingB.repeatsC.repeatD.repeatedA.whatB.whoC.whenD.which二、BSection Readi(总题数：4，分数：40.00)BText 1/BFor the past two years in Silicon Valley, the centre of Americas technology industry, conference-goers have entertained themselves playing a guessing game: how many times wi

9、ll a speaker mention the phrase “long tail“? It is usually a high number, thanks to the influence of the long-tail theory, which was first developed by Chris Anderson, the editor of Wired magazine, in an article in 2004. Though technologists and bloggers chuckle at how every business presentation no

10、w has to have its long-tail section, most are envious of Mr. Anderson, whose brainwave quickly became the most fashionable business idea around.Whether a blockbuster film, a bestselling novel, or a chart-topping rap song, popular culture idolises the hit. Companies devote themselves to creating them

11、 because the cost of distribution and the limits of shelf space in physical shops mean that profitability depends on a high volume of sales. But around the beginning of this century a group of internet companies realised that with endless shelves and a national or even international audience online

12、they could offer a huge range of productsand make money at the same time.The niche, the obscure and the specialist, Mr. Anderson argues, will gain ground at the expense of the hit. As evidence, he points to a drop in the number of companies that traditionally calculate their revenue/sales ratio acco

13、rding to the 80/20 rulewhere the top fifth of products contribute four-fifths of revenues. Ecast, a San Francisco digital jukebox company, found that 98% of its 10000 albums sold at least one track every three months. Expressed in the language of statistics, the experiences of Ecast and other compan

14、ies such as Aragon, an online bookseller, suggest that products down in the long tail of a statistical distribution, added together, can be highly profitable. The internet helps people find their way to relatively obscure material with recommendations and reviews by other people, (and for those will

15、ing to have their artistic tastes predicted by a piece of software) computer programs which analyse past selections.Long-tail enthusiasts argue that the whole of culture will benefit, not just commercial enterprises. Television, film and music are such bewitching media in their own right that many p

16、eople are quite happy to watch and listen to what the mainstream provides. But if individuals have the opportunity to pick better, more ideally suited entertainment from a far wider selection, they will take it, according to the theory of the long tail. Some analysts reckon that entire populations m

17、ight become happier and wiser once they have access to thousands of documentaries, independent films and subgenres of every kind of music, instead of being subjected to what Mr. Anderson calls the tyranny of lowest-common-denominator fare. That might be taking things a bit far. But the long tail is

18、certainly one of the internets better gifts to humanity.（分数：10.00）(1).In the first paragraph the author mentioned the conference-goers guessing game, he wants to show（分数：2.00）A.it is usually a high number that speakers mentioned the phrase “long tail“.B.the enormous influence of the long-tail theory

19、.C.conference-goers liked to entertain themselves playing the game.D.Chris Anderson was the first who developed “long tail“.(2).Which word is most similar to “blockbuster“ (Line 1, Paragraph 2) in meaning?（分数：2.00）A.Bomb-like.B.Unpopular.C.High profit.D.Bestselling.(3).Which of the following stateme

20、nts is lure?（分数：2.00）A.Only the internet can help people find more way to relatively obscure material.B.80/20 rule is disproved by long-tail theory.C.Statistical distribution in the long tail can be highly profitable.D.The internet is a support point of long-tail theory.(4).Who will be benefited the

21、 least according to the theory?（分数：2.00）A.Sub-genre media.B.Big companies.C.Whole of culture.D.Individuals.(5).Whats the main idea of this passage?（分数：2.00）A.Chris Anderson and his “Long-tail“.B.Prevalence of “Long-tail“.C.What is Long-tail?D.Long-tail and Internet.BText 2/BAs with many a grown-up s

22、porting star, the first hint of greatness came at an early age for Lewis Hamilton. As an eight-year-old at his first kart race, he charged “more like a mature driver than a novice,“ remembers Martin Hines, owner of the Zip Kart racing company. Scything his way through the field just outside London,

23、Hamilton had a confident style that seemed different from normal rookies, Hines says. “There was a little spark about him.“ Now 22, and in his debut season in Formula Onehe became the first black driver to make it onto the grid in motor racings blue-ribbon championship.His success and profile that h

24、ave earned young Hamilton comparisons with other sporting greats. His color Hamiltons grandfather came to Britain from Grenada in the 50sand the positive influence of his father, Anthony, have drawn parallels with Tiger Woods. Hamilton acknowledges that his participation could stoke interest among e

25、thnic groups who may not be into the sport now. “Hopefully people that can relate to me will see that its possible and also try to get into the sport,“ he told the BBC. Moreover, his youth, good looks and wholesome image are also likely to get marketers fired up.Countless more karting titles followe

26、d before 2001. He “made seasoned drivers look silly,“ says Tony Shaw, Hamiltons then team manager at Manor Motorsport. Hamiltons raw, natural speed and canny race craft nudged him closer to the big leagues. Hamiltons “understanding of when and where to overtake and how to take advantage of a situati

27、on is very advanced,“ Shaw says.At his first crack at GP2, the training ground for Formula One, Hamilton dominated the 2006 season with a series of blistering drives on his way to the title. Hamilton is “not worried about showing or doing what hes used to doing just because its Formula One,“ says Hi

28、ll. For many new drivers, “thats an enormous hurdle.“ With the retirement last year of seven-time world champion Michael Schumacher, theres one less rival for Hamilton to negotiate.And Hamilton is certainly not short on confidence. When he first met Ron Dennisnow his Formula One team bossas a 10-yea

29、r-old in a borrowed suit, Hamilton promptly told him he wanted to drive for McLaren. Three years later, he joined the teams support program for promising young drivers. But, say former team managers, hes ready to listen and learn when things go wrong. Hamilton has a rare “capacity to question himsel

30、fto analyze very clearly after a race,“ says Frederic Vasseur, general manager at the ART Grand Prix team behind Hamiltons GP2 championship.As for whether hell become the Tiger Woods of the sport, its too early to know whether he can live up to those standards. But for now, his fans are bullish. Dam

31、on Hill was the last British driver to take the world crown. And its Hamilton, Hill says, “who looks likely to be the next.“（分数：10.00）(1).We can infer from the first paragraph that（分数：2.00）A.Lewis Hamilton seemed different from normal rookies because of his racing gift.B.Lewis Hamilton is always con

32、fident since he is an eight-year-old.C.Lewis Hamilton grows up in British.D.Lewis Hamilton was much better than peer drivers.(2).Which is the most important reason why Lewis Hamilton “parallels with Tiger Woods“?（分数：2.00）A.Both of them first hint their greatness at an early age.B.Hamiltons grandfath

33、er came to Britain from Grenada in the 50s, the positive influence of his father and his color.C.Both of them can get market fire up.D.Both of them have large influence on many kinds of ethnic groups to participate in sports and society.(3).Which of the following statements is true according to the

34、passage?（分数：2.00）A.Why Hamilton is closer to the big leagues is his raw, natural speed and canny race craft.B.Hamilton is flexible at when and where in racing track.C.Retirement of Michael Schumacher is beneficial to Hamilton.D.Hamiltons capacity to question himself is the only reason of his success

35、.(4).Which word is most similar in meaning to “bullish“ (Line 2, Last paragraph)?（分数：2.00）A.Optimistic.B.Foolish.C.Obstinate.D.Fevered.(5).Which one is the best title of the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Lewis Hamilton: A Rising Sport StarB.Lewis Hamilton: The Tiger Woods of Racing?C.Lewis Hamilton: Motor Raci

36、ngs First Black DriverD.Lewis Hamilton: A Super Motor Racing DriverBText 3/BThe American screen has long been a smoky place, at least since 1942s Now, Voyager, in which Bette Davis and Paul Henreid showed how to make and seal a romantic deal over a pair of cigarettes that were smoldering as much as

37、the stars. Today cigarettes are more common on screen than at any other time since midcentury: 75% of all Hollywood filmsincluding 36% of those rated G or PGshow tobacco use, according to a 2006 survey by the University of California, San Francisco.Audiences, especially kids, are taking notice. Two

38、recent studies, published in Lancet and Pediatrics, have found that among children as young as 10, those exposed to the most screen smoking are up to 2.7 times as likely as others to pick up the habit. Worse, its the ones from nonsmoking homes who are hit the hardest. Now the Harvard School of Publi

39、c Health (HSPH)the folks behind the designated-driver campaignare pushing to get the smokes off the screen. “Some movies show kids up to 14 incidents of smoking per hour,“ says Barry Bloom, HSPHs dean. “Were in the business of preventing disease, and cigarettes are the No. 1 preventable cause.“Harva

40、rd long believed that getting cigarettes out of movies could have as powerful an effect, but it wouldnt be easy. Cigarette makers had a history of striking product-placement deals with Hollywood, and while the 1998 tobacco settlement prevents that, nothing stops directors from incorporating smoking

41、into scenes on their own. In 1999 Harvard began holding one-on-one meetings with studio execs trying to change that, and last year the Motion Picture Association of America flung the door open, inviting Bloom to make a presentation in February to all the studios. Harvards advice was direct: Get the

42、butts entirely out, or at least make smoking unappealing.A few films provide a glimpse of what a no-smoking or low-smoking Hollywood would be like. Producer Lindsay Doran, who once helped persuade director John Hughes to keep Ferris Bueller smoke-free in the 1980s hit, wanted to de the same for the

43、leads of her 2006 movie Stranger Than Fiction. When a writer convinced her that the character played by Emma Thompson had to smoke, Doran relented, but from the way Thompson hacks her way through the film and snuffs out her cigarettes in a palmful of spit, its clear the glamours gone. And remember a

44、ll the smoking in The Devil Wears Prada? No? Thats because the producers of that film kept it out entirelyeven in a story that travels from the US fashion world to Paris, two of the most tobacco-happy places on earth. “No one smoked in that movie,“ says Doran, “and no one noticed.“Such movies are ha

45、rdly the rule, but the pressure is growing. Like smokers, studios may conclude that quitting the habit is not just a lot healthier but also a lot smarter.（分数：10.00）(1).Why the author mentioned Now, Voyager?（分数：2.00）A.Smoke on screen can make romance.B.To show American screen was full of cigarette sm

46、oke.C.To explain why cigarettes are easier to get than past.D.The romantic Hollywood movie is a typical example of smoky screen.(2).Whats the authors purpose of the second paragraph?（分数：2.00）A.To show audiences are easy to be influenced by smoky movies.B.To show 10-year-old kids are the most dangero

47、us group to pick up the habit by screen smoking.C.To show smoking cinematic version give the worst influence to nonsmoking homes kids.D.To show why should we prevent cigarettes on screen.(3).Its hard to get cigarettes out of Hollywood because（分数：2.00）A.Harvard believed that it is not easy to get cig

48、arettes out of movies.B.directors are reluctant to do so.C.Hollywood needs smoke incident to attract audiences.D.the relation between cigarette makers and Hollywood is complex.(4).Which of the following statements is true according to the author?（分数：2.00）A.Most films provide a glimpse of a no-smokin

49、g or low-smoking Hollywood.B.Ferris Bueller didnt smoke in the 1980s hit.C.Doran will let Emma Thompson smoke continuously next films.D.No one noticed the tobacco in The Devil Wears Prada.(5).Whats the authors attitude toward getting cigarettes out of screen?（分数：2.00）A.Inevitable.B.Optimistic.C.Indifferent.D.Skeptical.BText 4/BGermanys ch