【考研类试卷】考研英语-175及答案解析.doc

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1、考研英语-175 及答案解析(总分：110.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Use o(总题数：20，分数：10.00)A.ordersB.ritualsC.sectorsD.staplesA.envisagedB.viewedC.assessedD.integratedA.presentsB.offersC.givesD.shedsA.butB.but ratherC.orD.or elseA.on averageB.at lengthC.by contrastD.in generalA.surprisinglyB.illogicallyC.improbablyD.inva

2、riablyA.entitlementB.contradictionC.discrepancyD.hierarchyA.formsB.patternsC.shapesD.symbolsA.operateB.possessC.striveD.invadeA.discriminationsB.distinctionsC.distortionsD.dispositionsA.perspectiveB.senseC.dimensionD.mannerA.thereforeB.howeverC.indeedD.henceA.SinceB.WhileC.AlthoughD.UnlessA.whatB.wh

3、enC.whichD.thatA.rather thanB.butC.less thanD.andA.remarkedB.saidC.addressedD.talkedA.complexB.loftyC.redundantD.rigorousA.illiterateB.unculturedC.misguidedD.disadvantagedA.toB.uponC.overD.offA.ripB.surgeC.lagD.leap二、BSection Readi(总题数：10，分数：20.00)21.The implementation of road pricing in London is p

4、rimarily intended to（分数：2.00）A.restrain the capital% traffic growth.B.produce net annual municipal revenues.C.remove on-street parking lots.D.meet ambitious political aims.22.We learn from the text that traffic planners are more concerned about（分数：2.00）A.the attitude of drivers in London.B.taking a

5、political standpoint.C.sophisticated toiling systems.D.imposing congestion charging.23.We can learn from the first paragraph that in the world the scheme of tolling systems is（分数：2.00）A.out of the question.B.anything but new.C.for the sake of safety.D.nowhere near success.24.The implementation of ro

6、ad pricing in London is primarily intended to（分数：2.00）A.restrain the capital% traffic growth.B.produce net annual municipal revenues.C.remove on-street parking lots.D.meet ambitious political aims.25.The best title for Sis passage may be（分数：2.00）A.More Expensive Trips in London.B.Road Pricing: Queue

7、 or Pay?C.A Return to the Mass Transit.D.Traffic Planning: a Dilemma?26.The best title for Sis passage may be（分数：2.00）A.More Expensive Trips in London.B.Road Pricing: Queue or Pay?C.A Return to the Mass Transit.D.Traffic Planning: a Dilemma?27.According to the text, the mayor of London, Ken Livingst

8、one seems to be very supportive of the congestion charging scheme because of（分数：2.00）A.his interest in traffic.B.the weak response of politicians.C.his political motives.D.the complexity of the problem.28.We learn from the text that traffic planners are more concerned about（分数：2.00）A.the attitude of

9、 drivers in London.B.taking a political standpoint.C.sophisticated toiling systems.D.imposing congestion charging.29.According to the text, the mayor of London, Ken Livingstone seems to be very supportive of the congestion charging scheme because of（分数：2.00）A.his interest in traffic.B.the weak respo

10、nse of politicians.C.his political motives.D.the complexity of the problem.30.We can learn from the first paragraph that in the world the scheme of tolling systems is（分数：2.00）A.out of the question.B.anything but new.C.for the sake of safety.D.nowhere near success.三、BText 2/B(总题数：5，分数：10.00)31.The be

11、st title for this passage may be（分数：2.00）A.A Construction Company under Fire.B.Fears Haunted in the World.C.A Debate on Building Upwards.D.Skyscrapers on the Boom.32.It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that in Japan skyscrapers（分数：2.00）A.are already under construction.B.prove to be quake-resistant.C

12、.are absolutely prohibited.D.turn out to be energy-efficient.33.In the wake of September 11th, the construction techniques of skyscrapers are innovated so as to make them（分数：2.00）A.look incredibly smart in design.B.more resistant to potential disasters.C.sound particularly luxurious.D.more protectiv

13、e to their occupants.34.When the writer says that the London Bridge Tower would not stand in Manhattan, he means（分数：2.00）A.its residents are unlikely to embrace skyscrapers.B.Europe is one of the largest financial markets.C.Americans hold a continuing fear of terrorism.D.KPF has been subjected to st

14、rong criticisms.35.The authors attitude toward the construction of skyscrapers seems to be that of（分数：2.00）A.opposition.B.indifference,C.approval.D.suspicion.四、BText 3/B(总题数：5，分数：10.00)36.Concerning health-care systems in Britain, the author is likely to agree to the statement that（分数：2.00）A.the Lab

15、or government conducted a review about how to cut down on costs.B.the money pouring into the NHS did bring with it productivity and quality.C.the problem of funds put into medical care should be thoroughly reexamined.D.the health-care systems in Britain will become the envy of the rest of the world.

16、37.The views of Alan Milburn and David Culter on the reforms of health-care systems are（分数：2.00）A.compatible.B.opposite.C.complementary.D.identical.38.In contrast to Britain, France is funding their medical care（分数：2.00）A.more extravagantly.B.more cautiously.C.more consistently.D.more reasonably.39.

17、The proposed “alternative funding models“ (Paragraph 2) might be more clearly based on（分数：2.00）A.cost-sharing between insurers and patients.B.moderate constraints on medical budgets.C.delivering consumers costs to tax-payers.D.generous allocations of money to hospitals.40.The basic problem of health

18、-care systems in Britain as pointed out by the writer seems to lie in（分数：2.00）A.restrained freedom.B.shortage of funds.C.patients complaints.D.radical changes.五、BText 4/B(总题数：5，分数：10.00)41.As used in the text, “hybrid networks“ are best related to（分数：2.00）A.a new net of ground connections.B.security

19、 scrutiny on packages.C.a combination of air and ground.D.mass transport on special vehicles.42.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Losing altitude in air cargo shipment.B.Saying “no thanks“ to overnight air.C.Customer, the king ruled.D.Exempting freight from sc

20、rutiny.43.We can learn from the beginning of the text that（分数：2.00）A.customers used to attach importance to fancy packaging.B.there is a radical change in customers considerations.C.it is high time that delivery service would better quality.D.customers now tend to choose speed over cost savings.44.I

21、t can be inferred from the text that（分数：2.00）A.air shipment is indispensable to the industries giants.B.customers are unwilling to pay for ground delivery.C.new technologies help cut down on the cost of shipment.D.the competition among freight shippers is very strong.45.After September 11th, long de

22、lays of express air shipping often arise because of（分数：2.00）A.stricter security regulations enforced.B.higher payment imposed on customers.C.stiff competition coming from trucks.D.failure to cater to customers needs.六、BPart B/B(总题数：5，分数：10.00)填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、BPart C/B(总题数：5，分数：1

23、0.00)_八、BSection Writi(总题数：2，分数：30.00)56.BDirections:/B Suppose you are Li Ming, a freshman on the campus. You are eager to obtain the membership of any club at the university, so you decide to write a letter to President of Student Union to 1) ask for relevant information, 2) express your strong de

24、sire, and 3) give some closing remarks. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming“ instead. Do not write the address.（分数：10.00）_57.BDirections:/B Study the following chart carefully and write an essay in which you should 1) i

25、nterpret the chart, and 2) give your comments. Your should write no less than 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.（分数：20.00）_考研英语-175 答案解析(总分：110.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Use o(总题数：20，分数：10.00)A.orders B.ritualsC.sectorsD.staples解析：orders“风气；风尚；流行式样，趋势”。根据文章一致性的原则，该词与上文的“traditions, customs, beliefs

26、and ways“形成一种照应。而选项Brituals“程序；仪规；礼制”，选项Csectors“部分；部门”，和选项Dstaples“主要成分；主要内容，基本内容；经常性内容”均不符合题意。A.envisagedB.viewed C.assessedD.integrated解析：viewed“看待；考虑；估量”，带有“通过估量来看待”的含义。根据文章一致性的原则，该词与下文的“viewed“形成一种照应。而选项Aenvisaged“想象，设想；正视；面对”，选项Cassessed“对进行估价，评价；评论”，和选项Dintegrated“使成为一体，使合并，使结合”均不符合题意。A.prese

27、ntsB.offersC.givesD.sheds 解析：本题考查词组搭配。“shed light on sth“ 使某事物清楚些。而选项Apresents“提出；提供：递交”，选项Boffers“(主动)给予，提供”和选项Cgives“给予；授予”不能构成此搭配，均不符合题意。A.butB.but ratherC.or D.or else解析：or“或，或者；还是”，该词与上文的“either“形成搭配。而选项Abut“但是，可是，然而，而 (是)”，选项Bbut rather“确切地说”和选项Dor else“否则”均不符合题意。A.on averageB.at lengthC.by co

28、ntrastD.in general 解析：in general“一般说来，大体上”。根据文章一致性的原则，该词与上文的“possible“形成一种照应。而选项Aon average“按平均值，通常”，选项Bat length“最终，终于；详尽地”和选项Cby contrast“对比之下”均不符合题意。A.surprisingly B.illogicallyC.improbablyD.invariably解析：surprisingly“使人惊奇地，出入意料地”。根据文章一致性的原则，该词与上文的“different“形成一种语气上的照应。而选项Billogically“不合逻辑地，违背逻辑地”

29、，选项Cimprobably“不大可能地”和选项Dinvariably“不变地，始终如一地”均不符合题意。A.entitlementB.contradictionC.discrepancyD.hierarchy 解析：hierarchy“等级体系，分级系统”。根据文章一致性的原则，该词与上文的“superiority“形成一种照应。而选项Aentitlement“应得的权利，津贴，补贴”，选项Bcontradiction“矛盾(性)，对立(性)，不一致(性)”，和选项Cdiscrepancy“不相符之处，不一致之处”均不符合题意。A.forms B.patternsC.shapesD.symb

30、ols解析：forms“(事物的)存在形式，形态”。根据文章，致性的原则，该词与下文的“description“形成一种照应。最大的干扰项为选项Cshapes“形状；(人或物的)特有形状；样子，外形”，但此词常常指物体或人体所呈现的整个外形，强调形状的固定、身体或实质的坚实，而选项Bpatterns“形状：形式，方式”和选项Dsymbols“符号；记号；象征，标志”均不符合题意。A.operateB.possess C.striveD.invade解析：possess“拥有”。根据文章一致性的原则，该词与上文的“total“和下文的“own“形成一种照应。而选项Aoperate“操作，操纵，控

31、制；使用”，选项Cstrive“努力，奋斗；力争，力求”和选项Dinvade“侵入，侵略，攻击”均不符合题意。A.discriminationsB.distinctions C.distortionsD.dispositions解析：distinctions“区分，辨别，分清”。根据文章一致性的原则，该词与下文的“distinguish“形成一种照应。最大的干扰项为选项Adiscriminations“区别，辨别”，但该词一般指有差别地对待，而选项C distortions“歪曲，曲解”和选项Ddispositions“处理，解决”均不符合题意。A.perspectiveB.sense C.d

32、imensionD.manner解析：sense“观念；意识”。此处为下定义。而选项Aperspectives“视角，观点，想法”，选项Cdimension“特点，特性；方面，部分”和选项Dmanner“方式，样式，方法”均不符合题意。A.thereforeB.however C.indeedD.hence解析：however“然而，可是”，此处前后文形成转折关系，因此 however为正确选项。而选项Atherefore“因此，因而；所以”，选项Cindeed“真正地，真实地；当然”，和选项Dhence“因此，所以，由此”均不符合题意。A.SinceB.While C.AlthoughD.U

33、nless解析：While“虽然，尽管；而，然而”。此句话在进行观点上的对比，因此 while合乎题意。最大的干扰项为选项CAlthough“虽然，尽管”，常常用于补充说明一种事实，而选项ASince“因为，既然”和选项 DUnless“除非，若不；除非在的时候”均不符合题意。A.whatB.whenC.whichD.that 解析：that 引导名词性从句。根据文章一致性的原则，该词与上文的“fact“形成一种照应，即“that“引导的从句是“fact“的同位语。最大的干扰项为选项Cwhich“的那个，的那些”，在作限制性关系代词时，“which“有时可以取代“that“，但“which“一

34、般不引导名词性从句，而选项Awhat“什么”，和选项Bwhen“什么时候，何时”均不符合题意。A.rather thanB.but C.less thanD.and解析：but“但是，可是，然而；而(是)”。此处前后文形成转折关系，因此 but合乎题意。而选项A rather than“与其(不如)；不是(而是)”，选项Cless than“少于”和选项Dand“和，与，及，同；又”均不符合题意。A.remarkedB.saidC.addressed D.talked解析：addressed“向作(正式)讲话，对发表演说”。根据文章一致性的原则，该词与上文的 “speaker“形成一种照应。而

35、选项A)remarked“说，评论说”，选项Bsaid“说，讲”和选项Dtalked“讲话；谈话，交谈”，均不符合题意。这四个词的主要区别为 address指在正式、隆重的场合(如就职、颁奖、毕业典礼上)发表的“演说”，强调演说的重要性或突出演讲者；remark 意为“评说、评论”，含有经过观察后陈述事实的意味，say 意为“说出、说道”，着重所说的话，talk 指非正式的“讲话、演讲”，用于较随便的场合。A.complex B.loftyC.redundantD.rigorous解析：complex“复杂的，错综的，难懂的”。根据文章一致性的原则，该词与下文的“complicated“形成一

36、种照应。而选项Blofty“崇高的，高尚的；高傲的，傲慢的”，选项Credundant“过多的，过剩的；多余的，剩余的”和选项Drigorous“严格的；严厉的：苛严的”均不符合题意。A.illiterateB.uncultured C.misguidedD.disadvantaged解析：uncultured“没有文化的，无教养的，落后的”。根据文章一致性的原则，该词与上文的“uncivilized“形成一种照应。而选项Ailliterate“文盲的，未受教育的；无知的”，选项Cmisguided“被错误引导的，被引入歧途的”，和选项Ddisadvantaged“处于不利地位的，下层社会的”

37、均不符合题意。A.toB.uponC.over D.off解析：over“超过，在以上；与相比”，常常表示有极大的优越和强势，含有比较的关系，符合题意。而选项Ato“比”，选项Bupon“在上”和选项Doff“(离)开，(走)开；(隔)开”均不符合题意。A.ripB.surgeC.lag D.leap解析：lag“落后于”。根据文章一致性的原则，该词与上文的“backward“形成一种照应。而选项A rip“撕；撕破”，选项Bsurge“猛冲；急剧上升；激增”和选项Dleap“跳，跳跃”均不符合题意。二、BSection Readi(总题数：10，分数：20.00)21.The impleme

38、ntation of road pricing in London is primarily intended to（分数：2.00）A.restrain the capital% traffic growth. B.produce net annual municipal revenues.C.remove on-street parking lots.D.meet ambitious political aims.解析：题干问：“伦敦实施道路收费主要的目的是。”根据原文中道路规划者对实施道路收费能改善交通的态度可见伦敦实施道路收费主要的目的是“控制首都交通的增长”。而选项B“给地方财政带来

39、全年收入”，C“除去当街的停车带”以及D“为了满足有野心的政治目标”皆不符合题意。22.We learn from the text that traffic planners are more concerned about（分数：2.00）A.the attitude of drivers in London.B.taking a political standpoint.C.sophisticated toiling systems.D.imposing congestion charging. 解析：题干问：“从原文可以得出，交通规划者更关心的是。”因为交通规划者赞成道路收费，所以他们

40、更关心的是“加强交通收费”。而选项A“伦敦司机的态度”，B“政治立场”以及C“复杂的交通收费体系”皆不符合题意。23.We can learn from the first paragraph that in the world the scheme of tolling systems is（分数：2.00）A.out of the question.B.anything but new. C.for the sake of safety.D.nowhere near success.解析：题干问；“从第 1自然段我们可以得出，世界上这种交通收费的计划。”根据原文谈到的 “Norway“和“

41、Singapore“, 可见很多国家已经采用了这种计划，所以“一点都不新奇”。而选项A“毫不可能”，C“为了安全”以及D“毫不成功”皆不符合题意。24.The implementation of road pricing in London is primarily intended to（分数：2.00）A.restrain the capital% traffic growth. B.produce net annual municipal revenues.C.remove on-street parking lots.D.meet ambitious political aims.解析

42、：题干问：“伦敦实施道路收费主要的目的是。”根据原文中道路规划者对实施道路收费能改善交通的态度可见伦敦实施道路收费主要的目的是“控制首都交通的增长”。而选项B“给地方财政带来全年收入”，C“除去当街的停车带”以及D“为了满足有野心的政治目标”皆不符合题意。25.The best title for Sis passage may be（分数：2.00）A.More Expensive Trips in London.B.Road Pricing: Queue or Pay? C.A Return to the Mass Transit.D.Traffic Planning: a Dilemma

43、?解析：题干问：“本文最好的标题是。”文章的中心是关于交通收费问题，所以选择“道路消费：排队还是付钱?”而选项A“更为昂贵的交通旅行”，C“回到大众交通时代”以及D“交通规划：进退两难?”皆不是本文的中心，不符合题意。26.The best title for Sis passage may be（分数：2.00）A.More Expensive Trips in London.B.Road Pricing: Queue or Pay? C.A Return to the Mass Transit.D.Traffic Planning: a Dilemma?解析：题干问：“本文最好的标题是。”

44、文章的中心是关于交通收费问题，所以选择“道路消费：排队还是付钱?”而选项A“更为昂贵的交通旅行”，C“回到大众交通时代”以及D“交通规划：进退两难?”皆不是本文的中心，不符合题意。27.According to the text, the mayor of London, Ken Livingstone seems to be very supportive of the congestion charging scheme because of（分数：2.00）A.his interest in traffic.B.the weak response of politicians.C.his

45、 political motives. D.the complexity of the problem.解析：题干问：“伦敦的市长 Ken Livingstone相当支持道路收费完全是为了。”根据原文第 3自然段的阐述，市长支持道路收费是为了“他的政治目的”。而选项A“他对交通的兴趣”，B“对政治家们的微弱反应”以及D“复杂的问题”皆不符合题意。28.We learn from the text that traffic planners are more concerned about（分数：2.00）A.the attitude of drivers in London.B.taking

46、a political standpoint.C.sophisticated toiling systems.D.imposing congestion charging. 解析：题干问：“从原文可以得出，交通规划者更关心的是。”因为交通规划者赞成道路收费，所以他们更关心的是“加强交通收费”。而选项A“伦敦司机的态度”，B“政治立场”以及C“复杂的交通收费体系”皆不符合题意。29.According to the text, the mayor of London, Ken Livingstone seems to be very supportive of the congestion charging scheme because of（分数：2.00）A.his interest in traffic.B.the weak response of politicians.C.his political motives. D.the complexity of the problem.解析：题干问：“伦敦