【考研类试卷】考博英语-631及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-631 及答案解析(总分：117.52，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：30，分数：26.50)1.People are waiting for _ of whether the man is innocent or not.A. prediction B. perturbation C. expedition D. confirmation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.I _ that you and Jim and Bill have all finished this work.A. doubt B. show C. display D

2、. suspect（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.As there was not enough money to bury all dead AIDS orphans, 23 babies were interred in a modest cemetery in South Africa before World AIDS Day.A. parentless children B. miserable victimsC. contagious bodies D. infectious patients（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4._is the question of usi

3、ng existing resources to produce original and benefi cial solutions, ideas or products.A. Creativity B. Productivity C. Application D. Combination（分数：1.00）_5.One of the important properties of a scientific theory is its ability to _ further research and further thinking about a particular topic.A. i

4、nvent B. stimulate C. renovate D. advocate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Women have significant advantages over men in space because they need less food and less oxygen and they _ radiation better.A. stand up to B. stand in for C. stand up for D. stand in with（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.7.Giordano Bruno strongly supported

5、 Copernicuss idea that the earth was not the center of the universe. Bruno was rewarded by being burned at the stake for this and other _ ideas.A. faithful B. hereticalC. bibliographical D. hysterical（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.Whenever work is being done, energy _ from one form into another.A. converts B. c

6、onverted C. is converted D. is being converted（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.Many people like the color white as it is a _ of purity.A symbol B sign C signal D symptom（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.10.While watching television, _.A. the telephone rang B. we heard the telephone ringC. and to play football D. the telephone was

7、 rung（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.It was clear that the storm _ his arrival by two hours.A. retarded B. retired C. refrained D. retreated（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Customer service stands out as the area where WestNet falls most behind, with 43.8 percent of its users in the survey saying “its security does not come

8、_“.A. up to scratch B. up in the air C. up to date D. up to the minute（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.13.Jack admitted that he ought not to have made his mother angry, _?A. oughtnt he B. wasnt he C. didnt he D. hadnt he（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.Children are (among) the most frequent victims of violent, (drug-related) cr

9、imes (that) have nothing (doing with) the cost of acquiring the drugs.A. among B. drug-related C. that D. doing with（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.SCISSORS:TAILORA. brush: painter B. computer: writer C. wagon: farmer D. saw: carpenter（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16.My landlady is always trying to meddle in everything we d

10、o.A. interfere B. intrude C. order D. encase（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.Nowadays, our government advocates credit to whatever we do or whoever we contact with. Once you _ your words, you will lose your social status and personal reputation.A. keep up with B. give away from C. go back on D. lose sight of（分数：

11、1.00）A.B.C.D.18.The man had a rather shady occupation and made a lot of money within a short period of time.A. profitable B. comfortable C. honorable D. dishonest（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.In 1951, he took up residence in Wall Street, the central financial_ in New York City.A. arena B. field C. division D.

12、 district（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.20.We are convinced that we are on the _ of an important discovery.A. threshold B. household C. thread D. entrance（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.21.All the parts of these washing machines are _, so that it is very convenient tO replace them.A normalized B modernized C mechanized D standa

13、rdized（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.22.He seemed reluctant to send his troops in an effort to discourage the _ peasants.A. animated B. rebellious C. creased D. impassive（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.23.In order to stimulate the domestic economy, the government has _ to reduce imports.A. pledged B. resorted C. suggested D. he

14、sitated（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.24.The secretary went over the table again very carefully for fear of _ any important data.A. overlooking B. slipping C. ignoring D. skimming（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.25.Suspicious of too powerful a President, Americans nonetheless are _ when a President does not act decisively.A. uni

15、fied B. indifferent C. content D. uneasy（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.26.Although the economy seemed, after a few tense months, to _ the storm without serious long-term damage, the banks were hit hard.A. wipe out B. rub out C. sniff out D. ride out（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.27._ tile bad weather, we decided to go to the p

16、icnic.A. Despite B. In spite C. Although D. Though（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.28.Composed of song, dance, and personal invective, the old comedy plays also include outspoken political criticism and comment on literary and philosophical topics.A. comical B. witty C. satirical D. frank（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.29.A 50-ft

17、.wave travels at speeds _ 20 m.p.h., and anyone whos too slow at the approach risks being smashed.A. in excess of B. in the reach of C. in exchange for D. in relation to（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.30.The Committee pronounced four members expelled for failure to provide information in the _ of investigations.A.

18、 case B. chase C. cause D. course（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Passage One(总题数：2，分数：32.00)The UK government has some way to go in building trust in its handling of genetic modification in agriculture.Lessons learnt in Britain ( and no doubt elsewhere ) from the BSE (疯牛病) cris

19、is were evident in the UK governments announcements last week of plans to change the way it regulates genetically modified crops. Out goes any lingering assumption that the technology is inherently safe, and in comes a new requirement for industry to demonstrate practically that its products will no

20、t have adverse ecological effects.In a welcome move, a new steering group of scientists will be able to commission research it considers necessary on the ecological impacts of genetically modified crops. The government, in turn, promises not to allow the commercialization of any crop until the scien

21、tists are reasonably satisfied that it is safe to proceed.The governments attempts to build public trust in its scientific advice, and to include public views in its policy decisions, however, leave some questions open. It has chosen to set up a new forum of environmental stakeholders whose view wou

22、ld contribute to decisions about genetic modification in agriculture. This forum, spanning the spectrum of interests and opinion, will need to make constructive suggestions, and avoid well-trodden, predictable and ultimately time wasting disputes between industry and environmentalism.The government

23、is already poised to embark on a survey of the public-as opposed to environmentalist-perception of the biosciences. Ministers would be wise to wait for its outcome before putting more flesh on the stakeholders forum. But the latter should eventually be encouraged to make constructive contributions t

24、o the research agenda. In doing so, it will not only address public concerns about the risks of genetically modified crops, but should also help rebuild public trust in the application of science to foods. Here again, however, the government will need to ensure that the chance to influence research

25、is not used as an unyielding instrument of obstruction by fundamentalist opponents of genetic modification.Scientists on the whole are supportive of the changes, particularly the decision to authorize research trials on a commercial scale. They rightly seek better security arrangements following rec

26、ent incidents of crop destruction. They should cautiously welcome, rather than oppose, increased public awareness and scrutiny of their activities while being themselves watchful over the details of the processes the government is putting in place. （分数：4.00）(1).What may chiefly be responsible for th

27、e lessons the UK government learnt from the BSE crisis?A. It is beneficial to find some way to build trust in genetic modification in agriculture.B. The technology must be inherently safe, its products exerting no adverse ecological effects.C. With its handling of genetic modification in agriculture

28、, the practical technology is booming.D. A strict assumption and a new requirement may have more probably helped.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The example of “environmental stakeholders“ in the passage is used to _.A. expose to the spectrum of public interestsB. signify a forum for making decisions about gen

29、etic modification in agricultureC. avoid endlessly time-wasting disputes between industry and environmentalismD. make some constructive suggestions（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).In the passage, which of the following is NOT included in the advantage of a survey of public opinions?A. Ensuring an unyielding ins

30、trument of obstruction by the opponents of genetics.B. Caring for the stakeholders forum after knowing the public voice.C. Drawing public concerns about the risks of genetically modified crops.D. Rebuilding public trust in the application of science to foods.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).From the last paragr

31、aph the conclusion can be drawn that scientists_.A. look too suspicious to be trusted B. act more properly than they used toC. think more before taking actions D. are considered increasingly informative（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.In old days, when a glimpse of stocking was looked upon as something far too shoc

32、king to distract the serious work of an office, secretaries were men.Then came the First World War and the male secretaries were replaced by women. A man s secretary became his personal servant, charged with remembering his wife s birthday and buying her presents; taking his suits to the dry-cleaner

33、s; telling lies on the telephone to keep people he did not wish to speak to at bay and, of course, typing and filing and taking shorthand.Now all this may be changing again. The microchip and high technology is sweeping the British office, taking with it much of the routine clerical work that secret

34、aries did.“Once office technology takes over generally, the status of the job will rise again because it will involve only the high-powered work and then men will want to do it again.“That was said by one of the executives (male) of one of the biggest secretarial agencies in this country. What he ha

35、s predicted is already under way in the US. One girl described to me a recent temporary job placing men in secretarial jobs in San Francisco. She noted that all the men she dealt with appeared to be gay so possibly that is just a new twist to the old story.Over here, though, there are men coming ont

36、o the job market as secretaries. Classically, girls have learned shorthand and typing and gone into a company to seek their fortune from the bottom and that s what happened to John Bowman. Although he joined a national grocery chain as secretary to its first woman senior manager, he has since been p

37、romoted to an administration job.“I filled in the application form and said I could do audio/typing, and in fact I was the only applicant. The girls were reluctant to work for this young, glamorous new woman with all this power in the firm.“I did typing at school, and then a commercial course. I jus

38、t thought it would be useful finding a job. I never got any funny treatment from the girls, though I admit I ve never met another male secretary. But then I joined the Post Office as a clerk and carelessly played with the typewriter, and wrote letters, and thought that after all secretaries were get

39、ting a good 1,000 a year more than clerks like me. There was a shortage at that time, you see.“It was simpler working for a woman than for a man. I found she made decisions, she told everybody what she thought, and there was none of that male bitchiness, or that stuff ring this number for me dear, w

40、hich men go in for.“Don t forget, we were a teamthats how I feel about itnot boss and servant but two people doing different things for the same purpose.“Once high technology has made the job of secretary less routine, will there be male takeover? Men should beware of thinking that they can walk rig

41、ht into the better jobs. There are a lot of women secretaries who will do the job as well as they because they are as efficient and well trained to cope with word processors and computers, and men.（分数：28.00）(1).Before the first World War, female secretaries were rare because they _ .A. wore stocking

42、sB. were not as serious as menC. were less efficient than menD. would have disturbed the other office workers（分数：5.60）A.B.C.D.(2).A secretary in the future will _ .A. be better paid B. have less work to doC. have higher status D. have more work to do（分数：5.60）A.B.C.D.(3).John Bowman was given his fir

43、st job as a secretary because _ .A. he was lucky B. no one else appliedC. he had the best qualifications D. he wanted to work for a woman（分数：5.60）A.B.C.D.(4).When he was a post office clerk, secretaries were better paid because _ .A. they were in shortageB. they were better trainedC. they worked lon

44、ger hoursD. they had greater responsibility（分数：5.60）A.B.C.D.(5).The writer believes that before long _ .A. men and women will compete for secretarial workB. men will take over women s jobs as secretariesC. women will operate most office machinesD. men will be better with machines（分数：5.60）A.B.C.D.四、P

45、assage Two(总题数：1，分数：5.00)One in three Americans said that money was a crucial factor in their decision to work for pay (or have a spouse work) rather than stay home to raise the children, with Baby Boomer women most likely to have made that choice. Forty-five percent of Baby Boomer womencompared wit

46、h just 32 percent of those 55 and oversaid they went to work. “Baby Boomer women, especially the older ones, grew up expecting to replicate the pattern of their mothers lives,“ suggests Hochschild. “But then the bills started coming in and more job opportunities opened up, and these women moved into

47、 a life they hadnt anticipated.“Money played a great role in marriageeven an unhappy one. Approximately 18 percent of all those interviewed said they stayed married because they lacked money to get a divorce, while less than 8 percent said that financial strain in their marriage has caused them to d

48、ivorce.Lack of money also influenced education choices. Nearly one in four Americans has postponed or decided not to attend college because of financial pressures. Even with the sustained prosperity of the past eight years, Gen-Xers were most likely to have altered their college plans. A 39-year-old Hispanic billing clerk in New York spoke about how the need for money limited her teenager sons ability to take part in extracurricular activities that could increase his chances of getting into college. “Since age 14, my sons been working, and I think he is a superb person. Not having a lot of