【考研类试卷】考博英语-266及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-266 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary he likes to get his own way.（分数：1.00）A.hurtB.spoiledC.damagedD.harmed9.I dont want to borrow the money, so I prefer to manage _.（分数：1.00）A.toB.withC.forD.without10.From science courses students should _ a useful command of science concepts and pr

2、inciples.（分数：1.00）A.requireB.acquireC.demandD.inquire三、Section B(总题数：10，分数：10.00)11.These machines have been idle for the past month.（分数：1.00）A.been troublesomeB.been working wellC.not been in serviceD.not been running at all12.The Winfields are a quite conventional family.（分数：1.00）A.cheerfulB.humor

3、ousC.ordinaryD.well-known13.We know the couple were reluctant to have their daughter marry him.（分数：1.00）A.eagerB.unwillingC.pleasedD.disappointed14.Ultimately, the better team did not win the game.（分数：1.00）A.EventuallyB.FortunatelyC.OccasionallyD.Presumably15.Let me reiterate my point.（分数：1.00）A.rep

4、eatB.reviseC.reviewD.report16.Mr. Carson thought he was entitled to more assistance from the government.（分数：1.00）A.had receivedB.had a right toC.would obtainD.might apply for17.The lawyer conceded that her statement was true.（分数：1.00）A.provedB.doubtedC.deniedD.admitted18.Some observers thought the w

5、ar would be calamitous.（分数：1.00）A.marvelousB.tremendousC.hazardousD.disastrous19.Everyone who heard the story found it incredible.（分数：1.00）A.irresistibleB.immaterialC.unbelievableD.nonsensical20.Is the Canadian dollar equivalent to the U. S. dollar?（分数：1.00）A.about the same in value asB.worth a bit

6、more thanC.very different in value fromD.worth a bit less than四、Part Cloze(总题数：1，分数：15.00)When we think about addiction to drugs or alcohol, we frequently focus on negative aspects, ignoring the pleasures that accompany drinking or drug-taking. (21) the essence of any serious addiction is a pursuit

7、of pleasure, a search for a “high“ that normal life does not (22) . It is only the inability to function (23) the addictive substance that is dismaying, the dependence of the organism upon a certain experience and a(n) (24) inability to function normally without it. Thus a person will take two or th

8、ree (25) at the end of the day not merely for the pleasure drinking provides, but also because he “doesnt feel (26) “ without them.(27) does not merely pursue a pleasurable experience and need to (28) it in order to function normally. He needs to repeat it again and again. Something about that parti

9、cular experience makes life without it (29) complete. Other potentially pleasurable experiences axe no longer possible, (30) under the spell of the addictive experience, his life is peculiarly (31) . The addict craves an experience and yet he is never really satisfied. The organism may be (32) sated

10、, but soon it begins to crave again.Finally a serious addiction is (33) a harmless pursuit of pleasure by its distinctly destructive elements. A heroin addict, for instance, leads a (34) life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from Working, from maintaining relationship

11、s, from developing in human ways. (35) an alcoholics life is narrowed and dehumanized by his dependence on alcohol.（分数：15.00）A.HenceB.BecauseC.And yetD.MoreoverA.supplyB.resumeC.acceptD.preventA.exceptB.withoutC.withD.besidesA.frustratingB.surprisingC.unchangingD.increasingA.drugsB.drinksC.dosesD.dr

12、aughtsA.normalB.contentC.delightedD.spiritedA.A drugtakerB.The addictedC.An addictD.The druggerA.performB.makeC.experienceD.initiateA.other thanB.rather thanC.more thanD.less thanA.whileB.thusC.even ifD.forA.distortedB.rectifiedC.exaggeratedD.improvedA.eventuallyB.temporarilyC.accordinglyD.subsequen

13、tlyA.identical withB.consistent withC.divided fromD.distinguished fromA.destructiveB.dissatisfiedC.damagedD.derivativeA.SimilarlyB.ConverselyC.NaturallyD.Generally五、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：4.00)It took no time at all for the native Americans who first greeted Christop

14、her Columbus to be all but erased from the face of the earth. For about a thousand years the peaceful people known as the Taino had thrived in modern-day Cuba and many other islands. But less than 30 years after Columbus arrival, the Taino would be destroyed by Spanish weaponry, forced labor and Eur

15、opean diseases. Unlike their distant cousins, the Inca, Aztecs and Maya, the Taino left no pyramids or templesno obvious signs that they had ever existed.But it is a mistake to assumeas many scholars have until quite recentlythat the absence of abundant artifacts meant the Taino were necessarily mor

16、e primitive than the grander civilizations of Central and South America. They simply used less durable materials: the Taino relied on wood for building and most craftwork, and much of what they made has disintegrated over the centuries. However, thanks largely to two remarkable digs undertaken recen

17、tly, archaeologists will be able to enrich their knowledge of the Taino.There nearly intact remains of a Taino dwelling buried in the dirt. This site may have been one of the Tainos major centers. Meanwhile, deep in the forests of the Dominican Republic, a U. S.-Dominican team has also made an impor

18、tant discovery: a 240-ft. deep Taino cenote, or ceremonial well, where hundreds of objects thrown in as offerings have been preserved in the oxygen-poor water.It will take a much longer time to understand the Taino fully, but they have been rescued from the ignoble status of footnotes in the chapter

19、 of history that began with the arrival of Columbus.（分数：4.00）(1).The main idea of Paragraph 1 is _.（分数：1.00）A.Christopher Columbus returned the Tainos greeting with crueltyB.the Europeans coming brought an end to the existence of the TainoC.the Taino once prosperous in modern-day Cuba now has no tra

20、ce on earthD.Spanish weaponry would have crushed the Taino but for Columbus arrival(2).It is assumed the Taino had a comparatively low civilization mostly because _.（分数：1.00）A.the Taino had produced no written recordsB.the Taino had built no pyramids and templesC.there has been little wooden structu

21、re the Taino relied onD.there has been few remains showing the life of the Tainos(3).Which statement is true concerning the Taino?（分数：1.00）A.They were enslaved by foreign invaders.B.They were more warlike than other Indians.C.They were the most short-lived of all the civilizations.D.They were buried

22、 deep in the dirt or oxygen-poor water.(4).What does the italicized word “ignoble“ (in the last sentence) probably mean?（分数：1.00）A.Unfortunate.B.Unsuccessful.C.Unpromising.D.Unworthy.七、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：4.00)Already lasers can obliterate skin blemishes, topically applied drugs can smooth facial l

23、ines and injected agents can remove deep wrinkles. Future products will be faster, better and longer lasting. “New substances will be developed by entrepreneurs,“ says Brian Mayou, an aesthetic plastic surgeon, “that will be more successful than liquid silicone that we use today to eradicate wrinkle

24、s.“ The next major breakthrough, says Mel Braham, plastic surgeon and chief executive of the Harley Medical Group, will be laser treatment that needs no recovery period.Nicholas Lowe, clinical professor of dermatology at the University of Los Angeles, adds: “There will be more efficient anti-oxidant

25、s to help reduce sun damage and aging. There will also be substances that increase the production of new collagen and elastic tissue to maintain the elasticity of youthful skin.“Lee Shreider, a research cosmetic chemist, says that we may be able to look better without any kind of operation as semi-p

26、ermanent make-up gets better. “Crooked noses will be improved by effectively sealing on shaded colors that either enhance or subdue areas of the face. We will be able to straighten eyebrows and lips making the face more metricalwhich remains one of the keys to beauty, and even close blocked pores wi

27、th permanent, custom-designed foundation.“The development of the safe Sun tan is a potential gold mine. Being researched at the University of Arizona, but a long way from reality, is the injectable tan. Professor Lowe is optimistic: “There will almost certainly be a safe way of developing a sunless

28、tan that protects against sun damage. In animal research, weve applied creams to guinea pigs that can actually turn on some of the genes that produce pigmentation without any sunlight exposure./（分数：4.00）(1).What is the main topic of the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Inventions in cosmetologyB.New discovery in

29、face-filling.C.A bright future for facial make-upD.The development of beauty cultur(2).According to the passage, what has been used to remove deep wrinkles?（分数：1.00）A.Applied drugs.B.Liquid silicone.C.Laser treatment.D.Anti-oxidant.(3).Paragraph 4 suggests that one could improve effectively ones app

30、earance concerning the nose, eyebrows, lips, etc. by _.（分数：1.00）A.applying certain lotionsB.having a beauty operationC.changing the face shapeD.blocking several pores(4).As implied in the last paragraph, the injectable tan is being researched to meet the demand of the people who _.（分数：1.00）A.refuse

31、to be exposed to the sunB.refuse to apply suntan creamsC.want to get a tan for beautyD.want to try gene pigmentation八、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：5.00)There are faults which age releases us from, and there are virtues which turn to vices with the lapse of years. The worst of these is thrift, which in ear

32、ly and middle life is wisdom and duty to practice for a provision against destitution. As time goes on this virtue is apt to turn into the ugliest, cruelest, shabbiest of the vices. Then the victim of it finds himself storing past all probable need of saying for himself or those next him, m the depr

33、ivation of the remoter kin of the race; In the earlier time when gain was symbolized by gold or silver, the miser had a sensual joy in the touch of his riches, in hearing the coins clink in their fall through his fingers, and in gloating upon their increase sensible m the hand and eye. Then the mise

34、r had his place among the great figures of misdoing; he was of a dramatic effect, like a murderer or a robber; and something of this bad distinction clung to him even when his coins had changed to paper currency, the clean, white notes of the only English bank, or the greenbacks of our innumerable b

35、anks of issue; but when the sense of riches had been transmuted to the balance in his favor at his bankers, or the bonds in his drawer at the safety-deposit vault, all splendor had gone out of his vice. His bad eminence was gone, but he clung to the lust of gain which had ranked him with the picture

36、sque wrong-doers, and which only ruin from without could save him from, unless he gave his remnant of strength to saving himself from it. Most aging men are sensible of all this, but few have the frankness of that aging man who once said that he who died rich died disgraced, and died the other day i

37、n the comparative poverty of fifty millions.（分数：5.00）(1).This short passage is mainly to tell that _.（分数：1.00）A.man becomes increasingly greedy when getting oldB.a miser can be honest if he does no wrong actC.age can help convert some virtue into a viceD.misers all started from trying to be thrifty(

38、2).According to the passage, one is thought vicious when he _.（分数：1.00）A.gathers up money at the sacrifice of all his family membersB.practices endless thrifty to guard his people from povertyC.stores continuously for his own and his relatives needsD.saves too much but wouldnt spend it for the neces

39、sary(3).The italicized expression “gloating upon“ probably means _.（分数：1.00）A.thinking with slight guiltB.seeing with much satisfactionC.touching with great aweD.hearing with little delight(4).The passage implies that what could stop a miser from lusting for money might be _.（分数：1.00）A.his frankness

40、B.his eminenceC.his deathD.his glory(5).The words “in the comparative poverty of fifty millions“ at the end of the passage suggests a notion that _.（分数：1.00）A.stinginess may cause a very rich man to die very pitifulB.rich people may still take 50 million as comparatively littleC.one remains disconte

41、nt with all hes gained until his deathD.the rich are inconsiderate of the majority that live in poverty九、Passage Four(总题数：1，分数：5.00)If a mother pushes her small son in a swing, giving only a light force each time he returns, eventually he will be swinging quite high. The child can do this for himsel

42、f by using his legs to increase the motion, but both the mothers push and the childs leg movements must occur at the proper moment, or the extent of the swing will not increase. In physics, increasing the swing is increasing the amplitude; the length of the rope on the swing determines its natural o

43、scillation period. This ability of an object to move periodically or to vibrate when stimulated by a force operating in its natural period is called resonance.Resonance is observed many times without consciously thinking about it; for example, one may find an annoying vibration or shimmy in an autom

44、obile, caused by a loose engine mount vibrating with increasing amplitude because of an out-of-round tire. The bulge on the tire slaps the pavement with each revolution; at the natural resonance point of the engine mount, it will begin to vibrate. Such vibrations can result in considerable damage if

45、 allowed to persist. Another destructive example of resonance is the shattering of a crystal goblet by the production of a musical tone at the natural resonant point of the goblet. The energy of the sound waves causes vibration in the glass; as its amplitude increases, the motion in the glass exceed

46、s the elasticity of the goblet, and it shatters.An instrument called a tachometer makes use of the principle of resonance. It consists of many tiny bars, loosely fastened together and arranged so that each bar can slide independently of the others. Movement of the bars causes changes in a dial. When

47、 placed next to a rotating motor or engine, the tachometer picks up slight vibrations which are transferred to the resonant bars. These bars begin to move, and the resulting dial may be read to find the revolutions per minute of the motor very quickly.（分数：5.00）(1).An object, if moving rhythmically w

48、hen stimulated in a natural period, is said to _.（分数：1.00）A.vibrateB.resonateC.swingD.oscillate(2).The distance a swing moves from its resting position is called its _.（分数：1.00）A.revolutionB.movementC.frequencyD.amplitude(3).A tachometer is an instrument that uses resonance to determine _.（分数：1.00）A

49、.the speed of a motor in revolutionsB.the frequency at which a motor vibratesC.the amplitude of an engine that oscillatesD.the changes in a dial within a car engine(4).An annoying vibration can be caused at the natural resonance of the cars engine mount _.（分数：1.00）A.if the engine moves too fastB.if the engines amplitude increasesC.if a tire gets out of balanceD.if a damage occurs in the engine(5).In which of the following cases is it useful to consider the relationship between the length o