【考研类试卷】考博英语-25及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-25 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Listenin(总题数：40，分数：40.00)1.Digging the garden with a spade is a very _ task. I am exhausted after such two-hours work.（分数：1.00）A.industriousB.manualC.conscientiousD.laborious2.There is a direct flight at 3:00 or a flight at 7:30 in the morning that _ in Los

2、 Angeles.（分数：1.00）A.stops byB.stops inC.stops overD.stops up3.The students take a _ test in March, and the main exam is in July.（分数：1.00）A.previousB.preliminaryC.precededD.elementary4.It didnt seem to have _ to her that once she was addicted to drug smoking, she could hardly give it up. But it did h

3、appen.（分数：1.00）A.happenedB.took placeC.occurredD.came about5.Although the media have paid a great deal of attention to telecommuting, in most cases it is the employees situations, not the availability of technology, that _ a telecommuting arrangement.（分数：1.00）A.precipitatesB.reciprocatesC.anticipate

4、sD.apprehends6.Millions of people in the United States suffer from _ back pain that comes from sitting too long at a desk.（分数：1.00）A.chronicB.casualC.catastrophicD.elastic7.Baroque has been the term used by art historians for almost a century to the dominant style of the period 16001750.（分数：1.00）A.d

5、etermineB.designateC.deviseD.depict8.This village which is surrounded by mountains is only _ by river, and it is obvious that the transportation is inconvenient.（分数：1.00）A.accessibleB.attainableC.availableD.achievable9.Diana made a lot of effort to persuade her parents into _ to her going to the Uni

6、ted States to study business administration in MIT.（分数：1.00）A.contendingB.contestingC.contentingD.consenting10.A scientific law is liable at anytime to need _; that is an eternal truth.（分数：1.00）A.modifyingB.changingC.revisingD.adjusting11.The middle-aged woman has been _ with a serious illness for h

7、alf a year; she is dying now.（分数：1.00）A.laid downB.laid offC.laid upD.laid in12.They _ themselves _ the politician because they hoped he would become president one day. At last he did.（分数：1.00）A.connected, withB.combined, withC.linked, upD.attached, to13.If you plant two apple trees in one square ya

8、rd of land, and the trees productivity _ decline.（分数：1.00）A.is bound toB.is determined toC.is unlikely toD.is related to14.The _ question in this case is whether the accused had a motive for this crime or not.（分数：1.00）A.crucialB.forcibleC.supremeD.valuable15.Although most universities in the United

9、States are on a semester system which offers classes in the fall and spring, some schools _ a quarter system comprised of fall, winter, and summer quarters.（分数：1.00）A.manipulateB.stipulateC.regulateD.observe16.The school authority _ against students smoking both in the classrooms and at home.（分数：1.0

10、0）A.resolvedB.determinedC.bannedD.prohibited17.President Clinton _ power when the US economy was slow.（分数：1.00）A.presumedB.consumedC.resumedD.assumed18.Woody arrived at a most _ moment; I was just getting into the bath.（分数：1.00）A.inopportuneB.importunateC.incongruousD.unfitting19.Some people _ in pa

11、rt the defeat of the revolution in France and Germany to the English diplomacy, do you agree?（分数：1.00）A.contributedB.attributedC.distributedD.owned20.Different cultures are more prone to _ certain illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures.（分数：1.00）A.contractB.conductC.co

12、nfineD.conquer21.The reception was attended by various _ members of the local community and representatives of regional industries.（分数：1.00）A.protuberantB.conspicuousC.prominentD.projecting22.Telecommutingsubstituting the computer for the trip to the jobhas been _ a solution to all kinds of problems

13、 related to office work.（分数：1.00）A.hailed asB.drawn outC.borne outD.lodged in23.In recent years there has been a _ increase in the cost of living; many families have to depend on the federal aids.（分数：1.00）A.ponderousB.powerfulC.significantD.violent24.It is not enough to observe behavior and _ them w

14、ith physiological events that occur at the same time.（分数：1.00）A.correlate.B.complyC.correspondD.pertain25.She _ for a while and was unable to make a decision, so she asked for my help.（分数：1.00）A.flickeredB.glitteredC.falteredD.blinked26.Small children can not _ the difference between right and wrong

15、. It is our duty to teach them.（分数：1.00）A.appreciateB.enjoyC.acknowledgeD.confess27.Agriculture must, therefore, _ workers and savings to the new industrialized, urbanized sectors if a modern economy is to be achieved.（分数：1.00）A.yieldB.succumbC.subjectD.resort28.After speaking for three hours, the l

16、ecturer found he could scarcely talk, as he had become _ .（分数：1.00）A.dumbB.inarticulateC.hoarseD.speechless29.They are looking for a _ experienced secretary who is capable of organizing a busy sales office.（分数：1.00）A.charteredB.matureC.graduatedD.polished30.When American astronaut Glen returned to t

17、he earth and a hearty welcome _ him, he was considered to be a national hero.（分数：1.00）A.waited forB.anticipatedC.expectedD.awaited31.Building this road will _ the construction of ten bridges, and then the total cost reaches 1 million US dollars.（分数：1.00）A.evolveB.involveC.revolveD.devolve32.The fund

18、 is for _ distress among the flood victims in the southern city.（分数：1.00）A.releasingB.detractingC.relievingD.devolving33.The _ meanings of the individual words do not help define all expressions like “Drop in any time. “（分数：1.00）A.literaryB.literatureC.literalD.literate34.Simons letter was in such a

19、 casual scrawl, and in such pale ink, that it was（分数：1.00）A.vagueB.ambiguousC.illegibleD.obscure35.The teachers behavior and the students response _ what many people have said about language learning.（分数：1.00）A.confineB.conformC.consentD.confirm36.To be _ I couldnt understand what he was getting at.

20、 If you wanted to know youd better ask someone else.（分数：1.00）A.slyB.humbleC.honestD.cowardly37.To _ the structural imbalances in the budget, and also in the economy the Administration has given its support to a constitutional amendment.（分数：1.00）A.relinquishB.remedyC.compensateD.redress38.Paul is an

21、_ worker, and rarely does well in examinations. However he often refuses our help.（分数：1.00）A.errantB.erroneousC.erraticD.exotic39.Usually he managed to find plenty of work to _ him over hard times. I think it is a good idea.（分数：1.00）A.ChewB.blowC.flipD.tide40.Women have significant advantages over m

22、en in space because they need less food and less oxygen and they _ radiation better.（分数：1.00）A.stand up toB.stand in forC.stand up forD.stand in with二、BPart Reading (总题数：3，分数：30.00)BPassage 1/BIf you are a fan of science fiction, youve no doubt encountered the term nanotechnology. Yet over the past

23、year also, a series of breakthroughs have transformed nanotech from sci-fi fantasy into a real world. Applied science, in the process, inspired huge investments by business, academia, and government. In industries as diverse as health care, computers, chemicals, and aerospace, nanotech is overhaulin

24、g production techniques, resulting in new and improved products, some of which may already be in your home or workplace.The inspiration for nanotech goes back to a 1959 speech by the late physicist Richard Feynman, then a professor at the California Institute of Technology, titled “Theres Plenty of

25、Room at the Bottom. “ Four decades later, Chad Mirkin, a Chemistry professor at Northwestern Universitys $ 34 million nanotech center, used a nanoscale device to etch most of Feynmans speech onto a surface the size of about 10 tobacco smoke particles.What accounts for the sudden acceleration of nano

26、technology? A key breakthrough came in 1990, when researchers at IBMs Almaden Research Center succeeded in rearranging individual atoms at will. Using a device known as a scanning probe microscope, the team slowly moved 35 atoms to spell the three-letter IBM logo, thus proving Feynman right. The ent

27、ire Logo was less than three nanometers.Soon, scientists were not only manipulating individual atoms but “spray painting“ with them as well. Using a tool known as a molecular beam epitaxy, scientists have learned to create ultra fine films of specialized crystals, built up one molecular layer at a t

28、ime. This is the technology used today to build read-head components for computer hard drives.The next stage in the development of nanotechnology borrows a page from nature. Building a supercomputer no bigger than a speck of dust might seem an impossible task, until one realizes that evolution solve

29、d such problems more than a billion years ago. Living cells contain all sorts of nanoscale motors made of proteins that perform myriad mechanical and chemical functions, from muscle contraction to photosynthesis. In some instances, such motors may be re-engineered, or imitated, to produce products a

30、nd processes useful to humans.How are these biologically inspired machines constructed? Often, they construct themselves, manifesting a phenomenon of nature known as self assembly. The macromolecules of such biological machines have exactly the right shape and chemical binding preferences to ensure

31、that when they combine they will snap together in predesigned ways. For example, the two strands that make up DNAs double helix match each other exactly, which means that if they are separated in a complex chemical mixture, they are still able to find each other easily.（分数：10.00）(1).It can be inferr

32、ed that Richard Feynman has been _ now.（分数：2.00）A.deadB.decentC.prominentD.popular(2).Who proved that Feynmans concept, “Theres Plenty of Room at the Bottom“ was right?（分数：2.00）A.Chad Mirkin at Northwestern University.B.Researchers at Almaden Research Center.C.Scientists manipulating atoms and “spra

33、y painting“.D.A professor at the California Institute of Technology.(3).Scientists created ultra fine films of specialized crystals by means of _ .（分数：2.00）A.a scanning probe microscopeB.a nanoscale deviceC.a molecular beam epitaxyD.a super computer(4).Which of the following is the function that nan

34、oscale motors perform?（分数：2.00）A.rearranging individual atoms.B.manipulating individual atoms.C.producing products and process.D.photosynthesis and muscle concentration.(5).According to the passage, all of the following statements are true EXCEPT _ .（分数：2.00）A.The two strands making up DNAs double h

35、elix can find each other easily in a complex chemical mixtureB.Evolution has solved the problem of building a computer smaller than a speck of dust a long time beforeC.DNA not only programs cells to replicate themselves but also instructs them how to assemble individual molecules into new materialsD

36、.The read-head components for computer hard drives are constructed by means of the technology known as a molecular beam epitaxyBPassage 2/BWith the US economy slowing down, layoffs are everywhere. No industry is spared. If you end up having to start over, in addition to starting your job search, the

37、re are several things you should take care of to make your transition a smooth one.First and foremost, clear up any misunderstanding about how and why you left your last job with your ex-boss. Whether you left voluntarily, were fired or were laid off due to budget cutbacks, make sure you both have t

38、he same explanation. Agree on job titles accordingly. Also ask for a reference if you think your ex-boss will offer one and you trust that he or she will speak honestly about your performance.You should have a source of emergency cash that you can use in the interim. Dont panic and liquidate your st

39、ocks and bonds just yet, be optimistic in your prospects while also be more frugal than usual. You should save money on not having to dry clean work clothes so often and eating less take-out lunches. Save money by not eating out at restaurants and watch videos rather than going to the movies every w

40、eekend. Make a note of your job hunting expenses, such as career counselors consulting fees and resume printing costs, and save the receipts. By next years tax-filing time, you could get deductions on your job-search expense (unless you left a job willingly or was a college graduate looking for your

41、 first job).Most companies terminate your medical insurance coverage as soon as you stop working for them. But it doesnt mean you have to forgo medical coverage altogether. There is something called Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA) in the United States that legally protects an

42、ex-employees right to stay in the companys health care plan. However, the company will stop paying your premiums, and you will have to pay out of your pocket the expenses. This is still a good option compared to no health insurance at all.Another important thing to take care of when you change jobs

43、is your 401(k) account. A 401(k) is the retirement fund that most companies offer. Its named after section 401(k) in the Internal Revenue Services policy documents. You put aside a percentage of your paycheck each pay period, and the money accumulated will be managed by the 401(k) fund manager your

44、employer has hired and is invested in the stock market. You cannot withdraw money from this account until you reach this age, or you will incur penalties. When you leave a job, the money can sometimes be kept with your ex-employer for a while. Its always a good idea to compare your new employers 401

45、(k) plan with your old one. Every company offers different types of investment options, from overseas stocks to high-tech stocks and everything in between. If you do want to transfer the account to your new employer, you need to go to the human resources department and ask for forms that help you ma

46、ke the transition.Dont forget to ask for job leads from your ex-coworkers. Even if you are leaving for a job in another industry, you never know what people they happen to know that can help with your job search. Keep in touch with the friends you have made at your old job. Remember to anchor yourse

47、lf to people, not institutions, and you will find that any transition is made easier.（分数：10.00）(1).According to Paragraph 1, in the United States, _ .（分数：2.00）A.most industries stay unaffected by global economic recessionB.each and every company spares no effort to survive the fierce competitionC.“c

48、ompulsory redundancy“ is going on in every industryD.employees are laid off because they are not qualified for their jobs(2).The word “interim“ most probably means _ .（分数：2.00）A.intervalB.hard timeC.transitional periodD.emergency(3).Whats the point of saving the receipts of job-searching expense?（分数

49、：2.00）A.To get reductions at tax-filing time.B.To keep a record of ones job hunting experience.C.To be aware of ones expenditure and be frugal.D.Because ones ex-boss will reimburse the job-searching expense.(4).COBRA ensures an ex-employee stay in the health care plan _ .（分数：2.00）A.as long as the ex-employer