【考研类试卷】考博英语-13及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-13 及答案解析(总分：95.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Vocabula(总题数：30，分数：15.00)1.Jane and Tom have been able to reconcile their difference and are a happy family again.（分数：0.50）A.settleB.arrangeC.balanceD.pacify2.Psychologists have errantly mounted an offensive against what they describe as nastiness toward stu

2、dents by educators.（分数：0.50）A.arbitrarinessB.unpleasantnessC.severityD.aloofness3.Attitudes on the two sides in the Revolutionary War precluded the possibility of a peaceful solution.（分数：0.50）A.presagedB.prejudicedC.anticipatedD.prevented4.Recent studies have identified four major global environment

3、al risks; acid rain, ozone depletion, deforestation and the greenhouse effect.（分数：0.50）A.recognizedB.provedC.got rid ofD.multiplied5.A number of animals in Aesops fables are portrayed as being crafty.（分数：0.50）A.vainB.virtuousC.artisticD.cunning6.Recent research into aging suggests that the bodys def

4、ense mechanisms may lose the ability to distinguish what is alien.（分数：0.50）A.insaneB.infectiousC.foreignD.poisonous7.In the flint decades of the twentieth century, the individual gem could not be seen, but could be worked with fruitfully.（分数：0.50）A.blindlyB.completelyC.productivelyD.carefully8.One o

5、f the most interesting inhabitants of our world is the bee, an insect which is indigenous to all parts of the globe except the polar regions.（分数：0.50）A.residentsB.petsC.intimatesD.creatures9.The environmental balance among ecological communities is exceedingly complex.（分数：0.50）A.almostB.successfully

6、C.extremelyD.rarely10.Giving the child problems he cannot solve will only frustrate him.（分数：0.50）A.baffleB.worryC.alarmD.cultivate11.The plainer is a bowerbirds plumage, the more brightly it decorates its nest to attract a mate.（分数：0.50）A.more spectacularB.dullerC.flatterD.more melancholy12.Chimpanz

7、ees are frequently used as stand-ins for human beings in experiment.（分数：0.50）A.partnersB.role-modelsC.stand-bysD.substitute13.Many politicians find that they can no longer afford the luxury of a personal chauffeur.（分数：0.50）A.valetB.driverC.secretaryD.servant14.She was so obstinate that she wouldnt a

8、djust her opinions.（分数：0.50）A.inflexibleB.alertC.wiseD.talented15.Adverse reviews in the New York press may greatly Change the prospects of a new Broadway production.（分数：0.50）A.additionalB.encouragingC.unfavorableD.subversive16.The two psychologists had to modify the American Sign Language somewhat

9、in order to accommodate the chimpanzees spontaneous gestures.（分数：0.50）A.changeB.abortC.shortenD.enhance17.In ancient Egyptian paintings, royal figures were differentiated by making them several times larger than others.（分数：0.50）A.distinguishedB.estrangedC.deferredD.enlarged18.In 1984, President Rona

10、ld Reagan proposed that the United States construct a launch laboratory for a new era of space exploration.（分数：0.50）A.probingB.revengeC.invasionD.expansion19.The United States Food and Drag Administration has shown itself to be particularly wary with regard to alleged “miracle“ drugs in recent times

11、.（分数：0.50）A.bellicoseB.exhaustedC.cautiousD.strange20.Perhaps more than anything else, it was onerous taxes that led to the Peasants Revolt in England in 1381.（分数：0.50）A.multipleB.unjustC.burdensomeD.infamous21.Both a persons heredity and his environment help to shape his character.（分数：0.50）A.relati

12、veB.educationC.nationalityD.surroundings22.The primary objective of Basic Econometric, is to provide an elementary but a comprehensive introduction to the art and science of econometrics.（分数：0.50）A.briefB.preciseC.simplifiedD.extensive23.No other newspaper columnist has managed as yet to rival Ann L

13、anders popularity in terms of readership.（分数：0.50）A.thoughB.in spite of thisC.evenD.so far24.Differences in positions adopted by oxygen and hydrogen atoms account for variations in the crystalline structure of different forms of ice.（分数：0.50）A.are caused byB.explainC.derive fromD.constitute25.The mo

14、ther is told that her child is desperately illthe chances of survival are slim, and the treatment is as dreadful as the disease.（分数：0.50）A.incurableB.fearfulC.impossibleD.troublesome26.General acceptance of 3-D films may prove hard to come by, as the experience of three decades ago indicated.（分数：0.5

15、0）A.obtainB.explainC.understandD.discern27.When we were in the mountains, we often found ourselves entirely enveloped by the fog.（分数：0.50）A.confinedB.surroundedC.darkenedD.blocked28.One word describes what makes Singapore work: discipline.（分数：0.50）A.punishmentB.regulationC.unemploymentD.salary29.Som

16、etimes a dictionary designates a noun as attributive, which means that it can be used to describe another noun or name its attributes.（分数：0.50）A.conveysB.definesC.indicatesD.explains30.Cowries shells were once in widespread use as a token of value.（分数：0.50）A.a symbolB.an amountC.a thingD.an investme

17、nt二、BPart Reading (总题数：5，分数：5.00)31.A wholesaler (Paragraph 2, Line 2) is _.（分数：1.00）A.a person who sells a great variety of foodsB.an agent who deals with industrial productsC.a person that manages big stores and factoriesD.an agent that buys and sells goods in great quantities32.By saying “Manufac

18、turing industries and most agricultural enterprises are more distant from the censurers“, the author means _.（分数：1.00）A.their products are never sold directly into consumers handsB.they usually build their factories far away from marketsC.they usually need agents to sell and deliver their goods into

19、 consumers handsD.they have used trucks to carry their products to consumers hands33.Paper sold to a publishing industry _.（分数：1.00）A.will influence the price of paper industryB.is a product delivered to the final userC.is a consumer productD.is an industrial product34.It can be inferred that _.（分数：

20、1.00）A.most of the products exchanged at traditional markets are consumer goodsB.most of the products bought and sold at traditional markets are industrial goodsC.most farmers lived far away form marketplaces and never sold their products directlyD.most service industries have not yet developed matu

21、re markets for their products35.Medical equipment sold to doctors is an instance of _.（分数：1.00）A.consumer productB.industrial productC.raw materialD.direct exchanged product三、BPassage Two/B(总题数：5，分数：5.00)36.The word “prospective“ in the first sentence of the passage means _.（分数：1.00）A.would beB.pros

22、perousC.richD.old37.From the last paragraph we learn _.（分数：1.00）A.direct advertising is the best way to promote a productB.companies are trying to find the best way to sell their productsC.advertising is becoming enriched by the research in this areaD.old ways of advertising is giving ways to new wa

23、ys of doing it38.The chief function of unmailed advertising is _.（分数：1.00）A.to send sample products from door to doorB.to familiarize the customers with the productsC.to deliver the products directly to the retail storesD.to send information about the products in quick ways39.Direct-mail advertising

24、 _.（分数：1.00）A.uses letters as a chief means of providing informationB.sends old customers detailed information about new productsC.uses letters to tell prospective buyers about the local sellersD.sends over the prospective buyers sample products by parcels40.Direct advertising _.（分数：1.00）A.includes

25、all forms of sales appeals to the prospective buyerB.is produced mainly for newspaper or televisionC.is an activity by which real products are shown to buyersD.uses post as a chief means to contact prospective buyers四、BPassage Three(总题数：5，分数：5.00)41.Which of the following income may enjoy a reduced

26、tax or exclusion?（分数：1.00）A.Off-the-record incomeB.Self-employment earningsC.Business earningsD.Income from charitable activities42.In the 1970s, _.（分数：1.00）A.many people called for the cancellation of income taxB.many people questioned the fairness of income taxC.many people stopped to pay lax beca

27、use of povertyD.inflation rose beyond the governments control43.In 1985, _.（分数：1.00）A.inflation was taken into account in the federal governments income tax policyB.inflation rate was brought under control and income lax rate was reducedC.a number of states made their own laws against the rising inf

28、lationD.the federal government adopted several inflation combating policies44.The majority of the US state governments _.（分数：1.00）A.use different sets of roles for various taxable incomeB.apply the same policy to all sources of incomeC.allow for a reduction for self. employment earningsD.treat busin

29、ess and investment income in the same way45.Most people accept income as a fair tax since _.（分数：1.00）A.every individual enjoys public welfareB.every citizen of a country has the duty to pay taxesC.it is within their capability to pay itD.it is closely related to the individuals benefits五、BPassage Fo

30、ur/(总题数：5，分数：5.00)46.What does the word “deprivation“ mean (Paragraph 3, Line 1)?（分数：1.00）A.DeficiencyB.ScarcityC.RemovalD.Denial47.We can infer that the author of this passage _.（分数：1.00）A.disapproves of Roosevelts “New Deal“B.thinks the Depression could have been avoidedC.blames the Depression on

31、the “Great Crash“D.feels there was some similarity between Roosevelt and Hitler48.Which of the following was NOT true at the time Roosevelt was elected?（分数：1.00）A.Stock prices were recovering slowly.B.The nation were recovering slowly.C.There were 12 million unemployed workers.D.The nation needed he

32、lp from the federal government.49.The best title for the passage is _.（分数：1.00）A.The TwentiesB.The Great CrashC.The DepressionD.The End of World War I50.The “Great Crash“ in the passage refers to _.（分数：1.00）A.the end of World War IB.the Great DepressionC.high employment figuresD.a slump in the stock

33、 market六、BPassage Five/(总题数：5，分数：5.00)51.What does the word “deteriorated“ mean? (in the last line of paragraph 2 )（分数：1.00）A.WeakenedB.ImprovedC.DepreciatedD.Declined.52.Which of the following was the cause of cold weather in England from 1815 to 1818?（分数：1.00）A.Englands proximity to the North SeaB

34、.Volcanic ash in the atmosphereC.Floorings in the areaD.Pollution caused by the International Revolution53.According to the passage, the effects of Tempuras eruption were _.（分数：1.00）A.of several days duration worldwideB.felt mainly in the Dutch East IndiesC.evident in the decreased world temperature

35、D.immediately evident to the worlds scientists54.No one realized the cause of the deterioration of the world agricultural commodity market because _.（分数：1.00）A.there was a long interval between cause and effectB.the weather was difficult for us to forecastC.weather forecasts were inaccurateD.ecologi

36、sts didnt exist until modem times55.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the cause of dropping temperatures?（分数：1.00）A.Volcanic eruptionsB.Mountain torrentsC.Crop and livestock productionD.The floods after the storm七、BPart Cloze/(总题数：20，分数：20.00)A.byB.overC.onD.toA.inB.onC.through

37、D.forA.newestB.latestC.firstD.worstA.brokenB.destroyedC.spoiledD.piercedA.utensilB.instrumentC.toolD.equipmentA.to cookB.cookingC.cookedD.cookA.placesB.realmsC.areasD.domainsA.supportedB.replacedC.changedD.switchedA.stoneB.boardC.tableD.plateA.strongerB.betterC.moreD.longerA.forestB.cookedC.man-made

38、D.lightingA.volcanoB.caveC.mountainD.valleyA.incapableB.unavoidableC.impossibleD.unpopularA.foodB.a fireC.himselfD.itA.rawB.crudeC.readyD.freshA.WhenB.whichC.untilD.asA.beatingB.fryingC.dryingD.placingA.zoneB.sectorC.methodD.fashionA.byB.onC.overD.atA.thoughB.sinceC.soonD.even八、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分

39、数：20.00)76.1. People say we are now in a very competitive society. Do you agree with it or not? Why? 2. What will we do as talented people to make our country powerful and prosperous in the new century? 3. A countrys economic prosperity can be reflected in peoples daily life. Do you agree or disagre

40、e7 Give your reasons in detail.（分数：20.00）_九、BPart Translat(总题数：5，分数：15.00)_考博英语-13 答案解析(总分：95.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Vocabula(总题数：30，分数：15.00)1.Jane and Tom have been able to reconcile their difference and are a happy family again.（分数：0.50）A.settle B.arrangeC.balanceD.pacify解析：settle 安放，定居，使平静；arrang

41、e 安排，协商；balance 权衡，对比；pacify 安慰，抚慰； reconcile使和谐。2.Psychologists have errantly mounted an offensive against what they describe as nastiness toward students by educators.（分数：0.50）A.arbitrarinessB.unpleasantness C.severityD.aloofness解析：arbitrariness 霸道，恣意；unpleasantness 杀风景的事，不愉快的事；severity 严肃，严格； alo

42、ofness超然的态度；nastiness 污秽，不洁。3.Attitudes on the two sides in the Revolutionary War precluded the possibility of a peaceful solution.（分数：0.50）A.presagedB.prejudicedC.anticipatedD.prevented 解析：presage 预示；prejudice 损害；anticipate 预定，预见；prevent 防止，预防；preclude 排除。4.Recent studies have identified four major

43、 global environmental risks; acid rain, ozone depletion, deforestation and the greenhouse effect.（分数：0.50）A.recognized B.provedC.got rid ofD.multiplied解析：recognize 认可，承认；prove 证明，检验；get rid of 消除；multiply 繁殖，增加；identify识别，鉴别。5.A number of animals in Aesops fables are portrayed as being crafty.（分数：0.

44、50）A.vainB.virtuousC.artisticD.cunning 解析：vain 徒劳的，空虚的；virtuous 善良的，纯洁的；artistic 艺术的，有美感的；cunning 狡猾的，巧妙的；crafty 狡诈的，诡计多端的。6.Recent research into aging suggests that the bodys defense mechanisms may lose the ability to distinguish what is alien.（分数：0.50）A.insaneB.infectiousC.foreign D.poisonous解析：in

45、sane 患精神病的，极度愚蠢的；infectious 有传染性的，易感染的；foreign 外国的，异质的；alien外来的，不同的。7.In the flint decades of the twentieth century, the individual gem could not be seen, but could be worked with fruitfully.（分数：0.50）A.blindlyB.completelyC.productively D.carefully解析：blindly 盲目地，摸索地；completely 十分地，完全地；productively 有结

46、果地，有成果地； carefully小心地，谨慎地；fruitfully 产量多地，肥沃地。8.One of the most interesting inhabitants of our world is the bee, an insect which is indigenous to all parts of the globe except the polar regions.（分数：0.50）A.residents B.petsC.intimatesD.creatures解析：residents 居民；pets 动物照片；intimates 亲密伙伴；creatures 人，动物，傀

47、儡；inhabitant居民9.The environmental balance among ecological communities is exceedingly complex.（分数：0.50）A.almostB.successfullyC.extremely D.rarely解析：almost 几乎，差不多；successfully 顺利地，成功地；extremely 极端地，非常地；rarely 很少地，罕见地；exceedingly 非常地，极度地。10.Giving the child problems he cannot solve will only frustrate him.（分数：0.50）A.baffle B.worryC.alarmD.cultivate解析：baffle 困惑，阻碍；worry 烦恼，担忧；alarm 恐吓，警告；cultivate 培养，耕作；frustrate挫败，阻挠。11.The plainer is a bowerbirds plumage, the more