【考研类试卷】考博英语-137及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-137 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary(总题数：40，分数：100.00)1.There seemed little hope that the explorer, _ in the tropical forest, would find his way out.（分数：2.50）A.having been desertedB.having desertedC.to have been desertedD.to be deserted2.By signing an application, I asked that an account

2、 _ for me and a credit card issued as I requested.（分数：2.50）A.openedB.to be openedC.be openedD.was opened3._ does he know that the police are about to arrest him.（分数：2.50）A.SeldomB.LittleC.OnlyD.Never4.The school board listened quietly as John read the demands that his followers _ for.（分数：2.50）A.demo

3、nstrateB.demonstratedC.be demonstratingD.had been demonstrating5.But for his courage, the battle _.（分数：2.50）A.was lostB.would be lostC.would have been lostD.was to be lost6._ some questions about the bookkeeper“s honesty, the company asked him to leave.（分数：2.50）A.There beingB.There beC.BeingD.Having

4、7.Lisa stood motionless at the end of the diving board, hands at her sides, heels slightly raised, every muscle _ action.（分数：2.50）A.anticipatedB.to anticipateC.anticipatingD.having been anticipating8.I didn“t send out my application form last week, but I _.（分数：2.50）A.had toB.wouldC.mustD.should have

5、9.I wish _ to Stockholm when I was in Sweden. I hear it“s a beautiful city.（分数：2.50）A.I wentB.I had goneC.to goD.to have gone10.I _ have written to him because he phoned me shortly afterwards.（分数：2.50）A.needn“tB.oughtn“t toC.wouldn“tD.shouldn“t11.Indeed, almost every scientist now finds it impossibl

6、e to read all the works relevant to his own subject, _ extensively outside of it.（分数：2.50）A.much more to readB.much less to readC.still more readingD.much less reading12.We have done things we ought not to have done and _ undone things we ought to have done.（分数：2.50）A.leaveB.leavingC.leftD.will leav

7、e13.You can“t be _ careful in making the decision as it was such a critical case.（分数：2.50）A.veryB.quiteC.soD.too14.Understanding the cultural habits of another nation, especially _ containing as many different subcultures as the United States, is a complex task.（分数：2.50）A.oneB.the oneC.thatD.such15.

8、Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, _ obtaining water is not the least.（分数：2.50）A.asB.whoseC.for whichD.of which16.The heart is _ intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlled by the brain.（分数：2.50）A.not soB.not muchC.no moreD.much less17.The atmosphere is as much

9、a part of the earth as _ its soils and the water of its lakes, rivers and oceans.（分数：2.50）A.areB.isC.doD.has18.The last half of the nineteenth century _ the steady improvement in the means of travel.（分数：2.50）A.toldB.declaredC.viewedD.witnessed19.Jean Wagner“s most enduring contribution to the study

10、of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it _ in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference.（分数：2.50）A.is to be analyzedB.were analyzedC.be analyzedD.should have been analyzed20.The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, _ all practical value by the time they w

11、ere finished.（分数：2.50）A.could loseB.would have lostC.might loseD.ought to have lost21.You should have put the milk in the icebox; I expect it _ undrinkable by now.（分数：2.50）A.becameB.had becomeC.becomesD.has become22._ that they may eventually reduce the amount of labour needed on construction sites

12、by 90 percent.（分数：2.50）A.So clever are the construction robotsB.So clever the construction robots areC.Such construction robots are cleverD.Such clever construction robots are23.Prof. Ward hardly ever went to _ the theater.（分数：2.50）A.neither the cinema norB.either the cinema norC.neither the cinema

13、orD.either the cinema or24.It isn“t cold enough for there _ a frost tonight, so I can leave Jim“s car out quite safely.（分数：2.50）A.would beB.to beC.wasD.being25.If an earthquake occurred, room of the one-storey houses _.（分数：2.50）A.might be left standB.might leave to be standingC.might be left to stan

14、dD.might be left standing26.By the first decade of the 21st century, international commercial air traffic is expected _ vastly beyond today“s levels.（分数：2.50）A.to have extendedB.being extendedC.to be extendingD.having been extended27._ they must learn in a course is not provided in the classroom.（分数

15、：2.50）A.Many thingsB.Much of whatC.So muchD.All of which28.The professor can hardly find sufficient grounds _ his argument in favour of the new theory.（分数：2.50）A.for which to baseB.on which to baseC.which to be based onD.which to base on29.The size of the audience, _ we had expected, was well over o

16、ne thousand.（分数：2.50）A.whomB.whoC.asD.that30.Tom _ better than to ask Dick for help.（分数：2.50）A.shall knowB.has knownC.shouldn“t knowD.should have known31.He often sat in a small bar drinking considerably more than _.（分数：2.50）A.was good for his healthB.his health was goodC.his good healthD.was in goo

17、d health32.They were expected to be models of virtue, honoured as _ for their character as for their learning.（分数：2.50）A.muchB.moreC.greatD.many33.Hydrogen is the fundamental element of the universe _ it provides the building blocks from which the other elements are produced.（分数：2.50）A.so thatB.now

18、thatC.in thatD.but that34._ is generally accepted, economical growth is determined by the smooth development of production.（分数：2.50）A.WhatB.ThatC.ItD.As35.Everyone congratulated the captain, _ whom the team could not have won.（分数：2.50）A.withoutB.exceptC.beyondD.besides36.Just as the soil is a part o

19、f the earth, _ the atmosphere.（分数：2.50）A.as it isB.the same isC.so isD.and equally is37.In this experiment, they are wakened several times during the night, and asked to report what they _.（分数：2.50）A.had just been dreamingB.are just dreamingC.have just been dreamingD.had just dreamt38.Whatever the c

20、auses, the English by the end of the year 2050 will have been more widely spoken and written than any other language _.（分数：2.50）A.ever wasB.had ever beenC.would ever beD.has ever been39.The second book was _ by August 1952, but two years later, the end was still nowhere in sight.（分数：2.50）A.completed

21、B.to completeC.to have completedD.to have been completed40.Many visitors praised the magnificent architecture of the Palace _ the Forbidden City.（分数：2.50）A.known to foreigners forB.known to foreigners asC.known for foreigners to beD.known for foreigners as考博英语-137 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabul

22、ary(总题数：40，分数：100.00)1.There seemed little hope that the explorer, _ in the tropical forest, would find his way out.（分数：2.50）A.having been deserted B.having desertedC.to have been desertedD.to be deserted解析：解析 having been deserted in the tropical forest“独自处在热带雨林之中”，是完成式现在分词短语做状语，表示原因。2.By signing an

23、 application, I asked that an account _ for me and a credit card issued as I requested.（分数：2.50）A.openedB.to be openedC.be opened D.was opened解析：解析 ask 的宾语从句的谓语动词需用虚拟语气。3._ does he know that the police are about to arrest him.（分数：2.50）A.SeldomB.Little C.OnlyD.Never解析：解析 半否定词 little放在句首时，句子要用倒装语序；sel

24、dom/never 放在句首时句子也需用倒装语序；only 引导的状语放在句首时也需用倒装语序。但这三个不合句意。4.The school board listened quietly as John read the demands that his followers _ for.（分数：2.50）A.demonstrateB.demonstratedC.be demonstratingD.had been demonstrating 解析：解析 demands 后面的 that从句为限定性定语从句，因此从句谓语用陈述语气。5.But for his courage, the battle

25、 _.（分数：2.50）A.was lostB.would be lostC.would have been lost D.was to be lost解析：解析 这是含蓄虚拟条件句，but for his courage 是“若没有他的勇敢”，是一个含蓄的虚拟条件。6._ some questions about the bookkeeper“s honesty, the company asked him to leave.（分数：2.50）A.There being B.There beC.BeingD.Having解析：解析 There being some questions abo

26、ut the bookkeeper“s honesty“由于簿记员的诚实有些问题”，此为分词独立结构做状语，表示原因。7.Lisa stood motionless at the end of the diving board, hands at her sides, heels slightly raised, every muscle _ action.（分数：2.50）A.anticipatedB.to anticipateC.anticipating D.having been anticipating解析：解析 every muscle anticipating action“每个肌

27、腱都等待着行动”，此为分词独立结构做状语。这种分词独立结构放在句末，进一步补充细节情况，而主句介绍总的情况。8.I didn“t send out my application form last week, but I _.（分数：2.50）A.had toB.wouldC.mustD.should have 解析：解析 but I should have (sent out my application form)“但我应该(已经)寄出(申请表)”，这是省略句的一种，为避免重复，省略了前面已经提到的内容 send out my application form，注意这个表示完成时态的 ha

28、ve不能省略，省略了 have就变成谈论现在，而不是谈论过去的事情。9.I wish _ to Stockholm when I was in Sweden. I hear it“s a beautiful city.（分数：2.50）A.I wentB.I had gone C.to goD.to have gone解析：解析 I wish I had gone to Stockholm.“我要是去了斯德哥尔摩该有多好。”wish 后面的从句需用虚拟语气，用一般过去时表示难以实现的纯愿望；用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的一种愿望。本句中的“我”在瑞典时没有到斯德哥尔摩去，现在感到遗憾，说要是

29、去了该有多好。10.I _ have written to him because he phoned me shortly afterwards.（分数：2.50）A.needn“t B.oughtn“t toC.wouldn“tD.shouldn“t解析：解析 needn“t have done sth.表示过去做了某事，但事后证明没有必要做。oughtn“t to/shouldn“t have done sth.表示过去做了不该做的事。wouldn“t have done sth.用在虚拟条件句过去时的主句中，表示如果具备了所指的条件就不会做某事。11.Indeed, almost ev

30、ery scientist now finds it impossible to read all the works relevant to his own subject, _ extensively outside of it.（分数：2.50）A.much more to readB.much less to read C.still more readingD.much less reading解析：解析 much less，still less，even less“更不用说”。这几个短语都需用在否定句之后，表示连前面所说的情况都没有做到，后面的情况就更不可能。注意 much les

31、s前后所对比的成分要对等，可以是不定式、限定动词，可以全是名词或介词短语，如：John couldn“t even pick up the box, much less carry it upstairs. I never even spoke to the man, much less insulted him. Still less和even less的用法和意思与 much less完全相同，如：He can“t run a hundred yards, even less a mile. I don“t suspect him of robbery, still less of rob

32、bery with violence. He could barely pay for his own meal, much less for mine.12.We have done things we ought not to have done and _ undone things we ought to have done.（分数：2.50）A.leaveB.leavingC.left D.will leave解析：解析 leave 后面可以跟带现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词、介词短语的复合结构及其他成分。如：Don“t leave her waiting. It“s bette

33、r to leave. I“ll leave you to settle the business. His illness has left him weak. I“ll leave it to you to buy the tickets/leave buying the tickets to you.本题的 leave后面跟的是带过去分词的复合结构，因为宾语太长(后面有定语)，所以将过去分词 undone提到宾语 things的前面了。13.You can“t be _ careful in making the decision as it was such a critical ca

34、se.（分数：2.50）A.veryB.quiteC.soD.too 解析：解析 “can“t be too”表示“怎样也不过分”，如：You can“t be too strict with them. This cannot be stressed too strongly.14.Understanding the cultural habits of another nation, especially _ containing as many different subcultures as the United States, is a complex task.（分数：2.50）A

35、.one B.the oneC.thatD.such解析：解析 不定代词 one代替前面刚刚提到过的可数名词单数，表示泛指。15.Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, _ obtaining water is not the least.（分数：2.50）A.asB.whoseC.for whichD.of which 解析：解析 which 为关系代词，代替前面的先行词 problem；of 是后面从句中 the least of要求的，of提到了前面，按正常语序从句应是 obtaining water is no

36、t the least of its problems。16.The heart is _ intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlled by the brain.（分数：2.50）A.not soB.not muchC.no more D.much less解析：解析 no morethan=notany more than，notjust asnot“正如一样不”，“与都同样不”。17.The atmosphere is as much a part of the earth as _ its soils and th

37、e water of its lakes, rivers and oceans.（分数：2.50）A.are B.isC.doD.has解析：解析 “A is as muchas B is”表示“A 正如 B一样也是”。本题中的 as are its soils and the water为倒装句，be 动词 are提到了主语 soils等的前面。18.The last half of the nineteenth century _ the steady improvement in the means of travel.（分数：2.50）A.toldB.declaredC.viewedD

38、.witnessed 解析：解析 witness 做动词，以人做主语表示“见证，目睹”。在正式文体和文学作品中也可以以年代做主语。本句可译为“19 世纪后半叶目睹了交通工具的稳步改善”或“交通工具在 19世纪后半叶有了稳步改善”。如：This century has witnessed the steady growth of urban centers.19.Jean Wagner“s most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it _ in a religio

39、us, as well as worldly, frame of reference.（分数：2.50）A.is to be analyzedB.were analyzedC.be analyzed D.should have been analyzed解析：解析 动词 insist在表示“坚持要”时，其宾语从句的谓语动词需用虚拟语气。同样，名词insistence的同位语从句的谓语动词也需用虚拟语气。20.The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, _ all practical value by th

40、e time they were finished.（分数：2.50）A.could loseB.would have lost C.might loseD.ought to have lost解析：解析 本题测试虚拟语气过去时，“had they been done by hand”(“如果用手计算的话”)为省略了 if的虚拟条件句，所以主句应选 would have lost。21.You should have put the milk in the icebox; I expect it _ undrinkable by now.（分数：2.50）A.becameB.had becom

41、eC.becomesD.has become 解析：解析 本题测试现在完成时。22._ that they may eventually reduce the amount of labour needed on construction sites by 90 percent.（分数：2.50）A.So clever are the construction robots B.So clever the construction robots areC.Such construction robots are cleverD.Such clever construction robots a

42、re解析：解析 so clever are the construction robots 为倒装句，由 so修饰的形容词或副词放在句首时一般要用倒装语序，后面跟表示结果的 that从句。23.Prof. Ward hardly ever went to _ the theater.（分数：2.50）A.neither the cinema norB.either the cinema norC.neither the cinema orD.either the cinema or 解析：解析 由 eitheror引导的成分要对等。A 虽然结构上可选，但句中已有 hardly，所以句意不合适。

43、24.It isn“t cold enough for there _ a frost tonight, so I can leave Jim“s car out quite safely.（分数：2.50）A.would beB.to be C.wasD.being解析：解析 for 引导带逻辑主语的不定式 for sb. to do sth.，本句中的 there做形式主语，不定式就是 to be a frost。如：“该吃药了”应说：It“s time to take the medicine.如果要说“他在等到该吃药的时间再吃药”，就应说：He“s waiting for it to

44、be time to take the medicine.25.If an earthquake occurred, room of the one-storey houses _.（分数：2.50）A.might be left standB.might leave to be standingC.might be left to standD.might be left standing 解析：解析 leave 后面跟带现在分词的复合结构。26.By the first decade of the 21st century, international commercial air tra

45、ffic is expected _ vastly beyond today“s levels.（分数：2.50）A.to have extended B.being extendedC.to be extendingD.having been extended解析：解析 expect 后面跟带不定式的复合结构 expect sb. to do sth.；如果要表示“预料在将来某个时间某人会做完某事”，就应说 expect sb. to have done sth.(后面跟一个表示时间的状语)，因此变为被动语态就成了本题的 commercial traffic is expected to h

46、ave extended beyond today“s levels。27._ they must learn in a course is not provided in the classroom.（分数：2.50）A.Many thingsB.Much of what C.So muchD.All of which解析：解析 much of what they must learn in a course 意为“他们在一门课程中所必须学到的很多东西”。28.The professor can hardly find sufficient grounds _ his argument in

47、 favour of the new theory.（分数：2.50）A.for which to baseB.on which to base C.which to be based onD.which to base on解析：解析 to base sth. on sth. else 意为“把建立在的基础上”，介词 on在本题中提到了从句句首，which 为关系代词，代替前面的先行词 grounds“理由，根据”。29.The size of the audience, _ we had expected, was well over one thousand.（分数：2.50）A.who

48、mB.whoC.as D.that解析：解析 as we had expected 意为“正如我们所预料的那样”。有的语法书将 as分析为关系代词，代替主句所谈的情况。这样用的 as从句既可以放在主句之后，也可以放在主句之前，但做关系代词用的that，which，who 只能放在先行词之后。30.Tom _ better than to ask Dick for help.（分数：2.50）A.shall knowB.has knownC.shouldn“t knowD.should have known 解析：解析 know better than to do sth.=be wise enough not to do sth.意为“懂得不该；非常精明不至于干(某种蠢事)”。should have known better than to ask Dick for help“应懂得不该向迪克请求帮助”。31.He often sat in