【考研类试卷】MBA联考英语-11及答案解析.doc

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1、MBA联考英语-11 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Vocab(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.We should make a clear _ between the two scientific terms for the purpose of our discussion.（分数：0.50）A.distinctionB.discriminationC.deviationD.separation2.The nation-wide economic slowdown worsened the _ between employer and em

2、ployee.（分数：0.50）A.connectionB.relationshipC.associationD.acquaintance3.Any salesperson who sells more than the weekly _ will receive a bonus.（分数：0.50）A.ratioB.quotaC.allocationD.portion4.Even though leather gloves are much more expensive, they are more _ than vinyl.（分数：0.50）A.resistantB.persistentC.

3、permanentD.durable5.This research has attracted wide _ coverage and has featured on BBC television s Tomorrow s World.（分数：0.50）A.messageB.informationC.mediaD.data6.I asked the tailor to make a small _ to my trousers because they were too long.（分数：0.50）A.changeB.variationC.revisionD.alteration7.Susan

4、 has _ the elbows of her sons jacket with leather patches to make it more durable.（分数：0.50）A.reinforcedB.sustainedC.spreadD.confirmed8.The doctor had almost lost hope at one point, but the patient finally _.（分数：0.50）A.pulled outB.pulled throughC.pulled upD.pulled over9.Some useful ideas were suggest

5、ed while the social committee was _ about the clubs program for the coming season.（分数：0.50）A.discussingB.quarrellingC.arguingD.disputing10.According to the weather forecast, which is usually _, it will snow this afternoon.（分数：0.50）A.accurateB.preciseC.exactD.perfect11.When he was a student, his fath

6、er gave him a monthly _ to cover his expenses.（分数：0.50）A.salaryB.permissionC.allowanceD.wage12.We find it extremely difficult to _ the meaning of what he has just said.（分数：0.50）A.get intoB.get overC.get acrossD.get at13.If people feel hopeless, they dont bother to _ the skills they need to succeed.（

7、分数：0.50）A.adoptB.acquireC.accumulateD.assemble14.The U.S. government places rigid restrictions _ the type of high-technology products that can be exported to China.（分数：0.50）A.forB.inC.toD.on15.We shall send you commercial invoice, bills of lading and insurance certificates so that you can _ the good

8、s on a D/P basis.（分数：0.50）A.consumeB.complainC.concernD.claim16.Cancer is a group of diseases in which there is uncontrolled and disordered growth of _ cells.（分数：0.50）A.controversialB.abnormalC.inferiorD.irrelevant17.Lame as he is, he is interested in so many things and enjoys reading about them so

9、much that he is _ unhappy.（分数：0.50）A.anything butB.nothing butC.rather thanD.more than,18.Modern medicine and new methods of food production allow adults to live longer and babies to _ easier.（分数：0.50）A.existB.extinctC.surviveD.revive19.If the profits in one year are not sufficient to pay the divide

10、nd, the _ will be paid from the profits of later year.（分数：0.50）A.arrearsB.debtC.differenceD.margin20.Women are entitled to _ status with men in private and professional life.（分数：0.50）A.identicalB.equalC.sameD.alike二、BSection Cloze(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BDirections:/BRead the following passage. For each num

11、bered blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.One of the most eminent of psychologists, Clark Hull, claimed that the essence of reasoning lies in the putting together of two behavior segments in some novel way, never actually per

12、formed before, so as to reach a goal. Two followers of Clark Hull, Howard and Tracey Kendler, U(21) /U a test for children that was explicitly based on Clark Hulls principles. The children were given the U(22) /U of learning to operate a machine so as to get a toy. In order to succeed they had to go

13、 through a two-stage U(23) /U. The children were trained on each stage U(24) /U. The stages consisted merely of pressing the correct one of two buttons to get a marble; and of U(25) /U the marble into a small hole to release the toy.The Kendlers found that the children could learn the separate bits

14、readily enough. U(26) /U the task of getting a marble by pressing the button they could get the marble; given the task of getting a toy when a marble was handed to them, they could use the marble. (All they had to do was put it in a hole.) U(27) /U they did not for the most part integrate, to use th

15、e Kendlers terminology. They did not press the button to get the marble and then U(28) /U without further help to use the marble to get the toy. So the Kendlers concluded that they were incapable of deductive U(29) /U.The mystery at first appears to deepen when we learn, from U(30) /U psychologist,

16、Michael Cole, and his colleagues, that adults in an African culture apparently cannot do the Kendlers task either. But it lessens, U(31) /U when we learn that a task was devised which was U(32) /U to the Kendlers one but much easier for the African males to handle.U (33) /U the button-pressing machi

17、ne, Cole used a locked box and two U(34) /U colored match-boxes, one of which contained a key that would open the box. Notice that there are still two U(35) /U segments-“open the right matchbox to get the key“ and “use the key to open the box“-so the task seems formally to be U(36) /U But psychologi

18、cally it is quite different. Now the subject is dealing not with a strange machine but with familiar meaningful objects; and it is clear to him what he is meant to do. It then U(37) /U that the difficulty of integration is greatly reduced.Recent work by Simon Hewson is of great interest here for it

19、shows that, for young children, U(38) /U, the difficulty lies not in the U(39) /U processes which the task demands, but in certain perplexing features of the apparatus and the procedure. When these are changed in ways which do not at all affect the inferential nature of the problem, then five-year-o

20、ld children solve the problem U(40) /U college students did in the Kendlers own experiments.（分数：10.00）A.devisedB.madeC.didD.producedA.workB.dutyC.taskD.obligationA.consequenceB.sequenceC.resultD.orderA.exclusivelyB.completelyC.fullyD.separatelyA.inferringB.importingC.insertingD.imaginingA.GivenB.App

21、ointedC.FurnishedD.DistributedA.MoreoverB.ButC.ThusD.ThenA.prolongB.proposeC.processD.proceedA.reassumingB.discussingC.reasoningD.demonstratingA.anotherB.differentC.additionalD.elseA.whats moreB.in the second placeC.in additionD.on the other handA.likeB.similarC.diverseD.familiarA.Apart fromB.Thanks

22、 toC.Instead ofD.Except forA.correctlyB.equallyC.intendedlyD.differentlyA.mannerB.behaviorC.deedD.activityA.the sameB.the identicalC.the duplicateD.the alikeA.turns onB.turns overC.turns outD.turns upA.eitherB.alsoC.likewiseD.tooA.infectiousB.inferentialC.innovativeD.indignantA.as much asB.as soon a

23、sC.as well asD.as quickly as三、BSection Readi(总题数：4，分数：40.00)BDirections:/BRead the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.BPassage One/BIs it possible that the ideas we have today about ownership and property rig

24、hts have been so universal in the human mind that it is truly as if they had sprung from the mind of God? By no means. The idea of owning and property emerged in the mists of unrecorded history. The ancient Jews, for one, had a very different outlook on property and ownership, viewing it as somethin

25、g much more temporary and tentative than we do.The ideas we have in America about the private ownership of productive property as a natural and universal right of mankind, perhaps of divine origin, are by no means universal and must be viewed as an invention of man rather than an order of God. Of co

26、urse, we are completely trained to accept the idea of ownership of the earth and its products, raw and transformed. It seems not at all strange; in fact, it is quite difficult to imagine a society without such arrangements. If someone, some individuals, didnt own that plot of land, that house, that

27、factory, that machine, that tower of wheat, how would we function? What would the rules be? Whom would we buy from and how would we sell?It is important to acknowledge a significant difference between achieving ownership simply by taking or claiming property and owning what we tend to call the “frui

28、t of labor.“ If I, alone or together with my family, work on the land and raise crops, or if I make something useful out of natural material, it seems reasonable and fair to claim that the crops or the objects belong to me or my family, are my property, at least in the sense that I have first claim

29、on them. Hardly anyone would dispute that. In fact, some of the early radical workingmens movements made (an ownership) claim on those very grounds. As industrial organization became more complex, however, such issues became vastly more intricate. It must be clear that in modem society the social he

30、ritage of knowledge and technology and the social organization of manufacture and exchange account for far more of the productivity of industry and the value of what is produced than can be accounted for by the labor of any number of individuals. Hardly any person can now point and say, “That-that r

31、ight there-is the fruit of my labor.“ We can say, as a society, as a nation-as a world, really-that what is produced is the fruit of our labor, the product of the whole society as a collectivity.We have to recognize that the right of private individual ownership of property is man-made and constantl

32、y dependent on the extent to which those without property believe that the owner can make his claim, dependent on the extent to which those without stick.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, the concept of ownership probably _.（分数：2.00）A.resulted from the concept of property rightB.stemmed from t

33、he uncovered prehistoric agesC.arose from the generous blessing of the CreatorD.originated from the undetected Middle Ages(2).The author thinks private ownership to be _.（分数：2.00）A.a necessary invention of mankindB.an inherent right of a human beingC.a permanent arrangement for societyD.an explicit

34、idea of some individuals(3).We learn by inference that private property may _.（分数：2.00）A.be viewed as a design of inventive powersB.be treated as a discovery of our ancestorsC.function as the universal rule of tradingD.serve as the basis of market economy(4).It is reasonable to claim ones own fruit

35、of labor because _.（分数：2.00）A.his labor accounts for the product and its valueB.he has the priority to lay claim on the productC.his labor is widely recognized and respectedD.he has the grounds for making claims first(5).Private ownership of property is described at the end of the passage as _.（分数：2

36、.00）A.a production of early mans manual workB.a demand for greater productivity in industryC.varying with the shift in human agreementsD.denied by socialized production and exchangeBPassage Two/BThe key position and role of women in the process of development is increasingly being recognized. Althou

37、gh the three great World Conferences of Women were more concerned with recognizing and compiling approaches to emancipation we can currently confirm a general sharpening of awareness. It has become clear that the Third World cultures, in earlier times strongly matriarchal, have been weakened in this

38、 respect by the methods of colonial education which are almost exclusively directed towards the male. Of the many criticisms of this situation let one voice be heard: “Development education groups and programs are very much male dominated and lack womans perspective“. So, too, the hopes placed in vo

39、cational training-“vocationalization-as an aid to equality have been disappointed since this in its turn was to large extent focused on the male.In these circumstances we should not be surprised that until now women have participated least in the educational processes which have been introduced. Onl

40、y 20% attend primary school and the percentage of those who leave early is highest among girls. Because of the lack of basic training only around 10% take part in Adult Education programs. Hence it is vitally important to secure a turning point by increasing the awareness of the need for education.T

41、he International Conference at Jomtien in 1990 provided the solution to this: “A more educated mother raises a healthier family. She has fewer and better educated children. She is more productive at home and in the workplace and is better able to get further education.“ Many problems in school are c

42、onsequences of incorrect or improperly balanced nutrition combined with .inadequate hygiene. Together these factors can lead to failure to keep pace in school.Hence even primary education for girls should be directed towards the basic needs and necessities and provide answers which are as simple as

43、possible. In rural districts such answers will be different from those given in urban areas. The education of girls and women must to a large degree be an education for the life they will lead, tailored to a womans position. In saying this we are in fact demanding that the education of women, like a

44、ll educational work in the Third World, should be an integrated part of the community. Consequently there are many partners in this process school, family, small businesses, governmental and non-governmental organizations. The educational skill consists in keeping this interplay active in such a way

45、 that there is no deficiency in material content. An important consequence of this is the awakening of the desire to question, which, on the one hand presses for further education and on the other hand for its practical application.（分数：10.00）(1).The word “emancipation“ (Paragraph 1) may be replaced

46、by _.（分数：2.00）A.reliefB.freedomC.liberationD.liberty(2).From the passage we can infer that in the Third World _.（分数：2.00）A.the development education groups and programs is short of womans perspectiveB.the methods of colonial education have made the matriarchal culture stronger than beforeC.the matri

47、archal culture was stronger in the pastD.the matriarchal education is directed towards men(3).It is very important to be more aware of the need for education of women because _.（分数：2.00）A.so far very few girls and women take part in the educational processesB.women have at least participated in the

48、educational processesC.only about 1/10 of women participate in continuing educationD.only 1/5 of girls can enter elementary school and most of them have to quit early(4).The author argues in the passage that _.（分数：2.00）A.the education of women should be a process of community activityB.the education of women should be a part of community in which many partners are combinedC.women should like all educational work in the Third WorldD.the education of women should be organizations run by government(5).The best