【考研类试卷】2013年四川大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析.doc

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1、2013年四川大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：68.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_2.SAARC（分数：2.00）_3.P5-plus-l（分数：2.00）_4.QE 3（分数：2.00）_5.CDM（分数：2.00）_6.BRICS（分数：2.00）_7.UNCTAD（分数：2.00）_8.SCO（分数：2.00）_9.Hamid Karzai（分数：2.00）_10.Fiscal Cliff（分数：2.00）_11.mandatory evacuation（分数：2.00）_12.Non Aligned Movement（分

2、数：2.00）_13.CO 2 equivalent（分数：2.00）_14.social media（分数：2.00）_15.UN General Assembly 67 th Session（分数：2.00）_16.hybrid cars（分数：2.00）_17.汉译英_18.亚欧首脑会议（分数：2.00）_19.中共十八大（分数：2.00）_20.移动媒体（分数：2.00）_21.光棍节（分数：2.00）_22.反倾销与反补贴（分数：2.00）_23.电视相亲（分数：2.00）_24.上海期货交易所（分数：2.00）_25.富二代（分数：2.00）_26.海上风能（分数：2.00）_27

3、.早稻田大学（分数：2.00）_28.车载信息系统（分数：2.00）_29.伦敦金融城（分数：2.00）_30.资产负债表（分数：2.00）_31.“被就业”（分数：2.00）_32.文心雕龙（分数：2.00）_二、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：8.00)33.英译汉_34.The misfortunes of human beings may be divided into two classes: First, those inflicted by the non-human environment and, second, those inflicted by other people.

4、As mankind has progressed in knowledge and technique, the second class has become a continually increasing percentage of the total. In old times, famine, for example, was due to natural causes, and although people did their best to combat it, large numbers of them died of starvation. At the present

5、moment large parts of the world are faced with the threat of famine, but although natural causes have contributed to the situation, the principal causes are human. For six years the civilized nations of the world devoted all their best energies to killing each other, and they find it difficult sudde

6、nly to switch over to keeping each other alive. Having destroyed harvests, dismantled agricultural machinery, and disorganized shipping, they find it no easy matter to relieve the shortage of crops in one place by means of a superabundance in another, as would easily be done if the economic system w

7、ere in normal working order. As this illustration shows, it is now man that is man“s worst enemy. Nature, it is true, still sees to it that we are mortal, but with the progress in medicine it will become more and more common for people to live until they have had their fill of life. We are supposed

8、to wish to live forever and to look forward to the unending joys of heaven, of which, by miracle, the monotony will never grow stale. But in fact, if you question any candid person who is no longer young, he is very likely to tell you that, having tasted life in this world, he has no wish to begin a

9、gain as a “ new boy“ in another. For the future, therefore, it may be taken that the most important evils that mankind have to consider are those which they inflict upon each other through stupidity or malevolence or both.（分数：2.00）_35.What was the origin of the oil which now drives our motor-cars an

10、d aircraft? Scientists are confident about the formation of coal, but they do not seem so sure when asked about oil. They think that the oil under the surface of the earth originated in the distant past, and was formed from living things in the sea. Countless billions of minute sea creatures and pla

11、nts lived and sank to the sea bed. They were covered with huge deposits of mud, and by processes of chemistry, pressure and temperature were changed through long ages into what we know as oil. For these creatures to become oil it was necessary that they should be imprisoned between layers of rock fo

12、r an enormous length of time. The statement that oil originated in the sea is confirmed by a glance at a map showing the chief oilfields oi the world; very few of them are far distant from the oceans of today. In some places gas and oil come up to the surface of the sea from its bed. The rocks in wh

13、ich oil is found are of marine origin too. They are sedimentary rocks, rocks which were laid down by the action of water on the bed of the ocean. Almost always the remains of shells, and other proofs of sea life, are found close to the oil. A very common sedimentary rock is called shale, which is a

14、soft rock and was obviously formed by being deposited on the sea bed. And where there is shale there is likely to be oil.Geologists, scientists who study rocks, indicate the likely places to the oil drillers. In some cases oil comes out of the ground without any drilling at all and has been used for

15、 hundreds of years. In the island of Trinidad the oil is in the form of asphalt, a substance used for making roads. Sir Walter Raleigh visited the famous pitch lake of Trinidad in 1595; it is said to contain nine thousand million tons of asphalt. There are probably huge quantities of crude oil benea

16、th the surface.（分数：2.00）_36.汉译英_37.外文出版社专事外文图书的编辑出版，几十年来用英文翻译出版了大量的中国文学作品和文化典籍，上自先秦，下迄现当代，力求全面而准确地反映中国文学及中国文化的基本面貌和灿烂成就。这些英译图书均取自相关领域著名的、权威的作品，英译则出自国内外翻译名家。每本图书的编选、翻译过程均极其审慎严肃，精雕细琢，中文作品及相应的英译版本均堪称经典。 我们意识到，这些英译精品，不单有对翻译界的意义，而且对国内英文学习者、爱好者及英译工作者，也是极有价值的读本。为此，我们对这些英译精品做了认真的遴选，编排成汉英对照的形式，陆续推出，以飨读者。（分数：

17、2.00）_38.钓鱼岛属于中国，根本不是“无主地”。在日本人“发现”钓鱼岛之前，中国已经对钓鱼岛实施了长达数百年有效管辖，是钓鱼岛无可争辩的主人。如前所述，日本大量官方文件证明，日本完全清楚钓鱼岛早已归属中国，绝非国际法上的无主地。日本所谓依据“先占”原则将钓鱼岛作为“无主地”“编入”其版图，是侵占中国领土的非法行为，不具有国际法效力。 无论从地理上还是从中国历史管辖实践看，钓鱼岛一直是中国台湾岛的附属岛屿。日本通过不平等的马关条约迫使清朝割让包括钓鱼岛在内的“台湾全岛及所有附属各岛屿”。开罗宣言、波茨坦公告等国际法律文件规定，日本必须无条件归还其窃取的中国领土。上述文件还对日本领土范围作了

18、明确界定，其中根本不包括钓鱼岛。日本试图侵占钓鱼岛，实质是对开罗宣言和波茨坦公告等法律文件所确立的战后国际秩序的挑战，严重违背了日本应承担的国际法义务。（分数：2.00）_2013年四川大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分：68.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_解析：2.SAARC（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：南亚区域合作联盟)解析：3.P5-plus-l（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：(联合国安全理事会的五个常任理事国+德国)P5+1 集团)解析：4.QE 3（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：第三轮量化宽松

19、政策)解析：5.CDM（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：清洁发展机制)解析：6.BRICS（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：金砖五国)解析：7.UNCTAD（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：联合国贸易发展会议)解析：8.SCO（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：上海合作组织)解析：9.Hamid Karzai（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：哈米德卡尔扎伊)解析：10.Fiscal Cliff（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：财政悬崖)解析：11.mandatory evacuation（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：强制撤离)解析：12

20、.Non Aligned Movement（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：不结盟运动)解析：13.CO 2 equivalent（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：二氧化碳等价物)解析：14.social media（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：社交媒体)解析：15.UN General Assembly 67 th Session（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：第 67届联合国大会)解析：16.hybrid cars（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：混合动力汽车)解析：17.汉译英_解析：18.亚欧首脑会议（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案

21、：AsiaEurope Summit Meeting)解析：19.中共十八大（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China)解析：20.移动媒体（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：mobile media)解析：21.光棍节（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：SinglesDay)解析：22.反倾销与反补贴（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：antidumping and anti-subsidy)解析：23.电视相亲（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：TV

22、dating)解析：24.上海期货交易所（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Shanghai Futures Exchange)解析：25.富二代（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：the affluent second generation)解析：26.海上风能（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：offshore wind energy)解析：27.早稻田大学（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Waseda University)解析：28.车载信息系统（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：info-telematic system)解析：29.伦敦金融城（分数：

23、2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：City of London)解析：30.资产负债表（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：balance sheet)解析：31.“被就业”（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：falsification of graduates employment status)解析：32.文心雕龙（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons)解析：二、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：8.00)33.英译汉_解析：34.The misfortunes of human beings

24、may be divided into two classes: First, those inflicted by the non-human environment and, second, those inflicted by other people. As mankind has progressed in knowledge and technique, the second class has become a continually increasing percentage of the total. In old times, famine, for example, wa

25、s due to natural causes, and although people did their best to combat it, large numbers of them died of starvation. At the present moment large parts of the world are faced with the threat of famine, but although natural causes have contributed to the situation, the principal causes are human. For s

26、ix years the civilized nations of the world devoted all their best energies to killing each other, and they find it difficult suddenly to switch over to keeping each other alive. Having destroyed harvests, dismantled agricultural machinery, and disorganized shipping, they find it no easy matter to r

27、elieve the shortage of crops in one place by means of a superabundance in another, as would easily be done if the economic system were in normal working order. As this illustration shows, it is now man that is man“s worst enemy. Nature, it is true, still sees to it that we are mortal, but with the p

28、rogress in medicine it will become more and more common for people to live until they have had their fill of life. We are supposed to wish to live forever and to look forward to the unending joys of heaven, of which, by miracle, the monotony will never grow stale. But in fact, if you question any candid person who is no longer young, he is very likely to tell you that, having tasted life in this world, he has no wish to begin again as a “ new boy“ in another. For the future, therefore, it may be taken that the most important evils that mankind have to consi