【计算机类职业资格】PMP资格认证考试-项目质量管理(四)及答案解析.doc

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1、PMP 资格认证考试-项目质量管理(四)及答案解析(总分：20.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B单项选择题/B(总题数：20，分数：20.00)1.The process giving confidence that the project will meet appropriate quality standards is called _. A. scope verification B. perform quality control C. perform quality assurance D. quality planning（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.The stati

2、stical method that looks at the influence of different factors on specific variables is called _. A. design of experiments B. benchmarking C. variability of factors D. ISO（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Which of the following has the greatest effect on a products reliability and maintenance characteristic? A. Co

3、nceptualization. B. Product design. C. Fabrication. D. A and B.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.On a project the project manager should strive for a “Quality Level“ that _. A. is the highest level possible B. is as close to the project objectives as possible C. represents the least cost to the project D. exceeds

4、the specified requirement of the project（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Perform quality control in the final analysis is _. A. using the technical procedures of monitoring project results to decide if the outputs meet the requirements B. a production system C. a inspection system D. fitness for purpose（分数：1.00）A

5、.B.C.D.6.Costs of quality include _. A. the total of all costs incurred to assure the production and delivery of acceptable products and services B. only costs classified as prevention, detection and corrective action C. only the costs of scrap, rework due to defects, customer returns and warranty c

6、osts D. the expense of upper management（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Who benefits from a strong, comprehensive and consistent quality control program? A. The contracting organizations. B. The manufacturing group. C. The customer. D. A, Band C.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.To ensure the project team provides the functiona

7、lity the customer expects in a new piece of software, the PM asks the customer for sign-off on the design criteria. These documents are _. A. technical specifications B. performance specifications C. product descriptions D. quality assurance perform quality assurance（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.The characteri

8、stics of a well-rounded and consistent quality program are _. A. top management support, quality is designed into the product or service, recognition of quality performance at all organizational levels, using statistics as a basis for control, regular audits, and team participation in the quality co

9、ntrol process B. middle management support only, quality is designed into the product or service, recognition of quality performance at all organizational levels, a strong and active punishment system, using statistics as a basis for control, and team participation in the quality control process C.

10、top management support, a quality policy force, a strong punishment system, quality is designed into the product or service, recognition of quality performance at all organizational levels, using statistics as basis for control and regular audits D. top management support, quality is designed into t

11、he product or service, recognition of quality performance at all organizational levels, using statistics as a basis for control, regular audits, and a global information system（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Jake has been assigned the position of PM of multi-organizational project. His organization, which is th

12、e primary performing organization, has a weak quality policy. The other organizations have no quality policy. Jake should _. A. use the policy for his organization, since his organization is the primary performing organization B. forget about the quality aspects of the project since two-thirds of th

13、e team have no quality policy C. work with the team members from the various organizations and develop a quality policy for the project without telling anyone, to eliminate negative feedback D. seek buy-in from all organizations to fund a quality program（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.The widget production proj

14、ect is well underway. The requirements are clear that each widget must weigh between 0.320 and 0.325 ounces. The first day of test production resulted in 1247 widgets. Of the widgets inspected 47% fell within the acceptable weight range. This is an example of _. A. variable sampling B. attribute sam

15、pling C. control charting D. flow charting（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.A project team is in the design stage of a new mountain bike prototype. The team is in the process of identifying which type of frame and material will provide high performance at a low cost. Which of the following is the most likely tech

16、nique used to determine these variables? A. cost/Benefit analysis. B. Ishikawa diagram. C. Design of experiments. D. System flowchart.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.Your project has had a major defect and you have gotten the project team and the quality engineers involved in problem analysis. There are three d

17、ifferent opinions of what the cause of the problem might be. In order to get the root of the problem you decide to use a cause-and-effect diagram. Which of the following would best describe what the group is involved in? A. Quality analysis. B. Quality planning. C. Quality control Perform quality co

18、ntrol. D. Quality assurance Perform quality assurance.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.The project team has created a plan for how they will implement the quality policy. If this changes during the project, it will also be a change to _. A. the project plan B. the quality control plan C. the quality assurance pl

19、an D. the quality management plan（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Which of the following is true of inspections? A. They may not be conducted by the project team. B. They test future desires of prospective customers. C. They can only be conducted on the final product. D. They prevent errors from reaching the cus

20、tomer before delivery.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16.Based on quality control measurements on your manufacturing project, management releases that immediate corrective action is required to the material requirements planning (MRP) system to prevent future problems on other projects and to minimize rework. To i

21、mplement the necessary changes you should follow _. A. the organizations quality policy B. the quality management plan C. established operational definitions and procedures D. procedures for integrated change control（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.Which of the following is not able to create positive effect? A.

22、 Continuous improvement. B. Do more inspection. C. Statistical quality control. D. Customer trace process.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.The project team should have knowledge of statistical process control to help conduct quality control activities. Of all the topics involved, which of the following is the mo

23、st important for the team to understand? A. Sampling and probability. B. Attribute sampling and variable sampling. C. Tolerances and control limits. D. Special causes and random causes.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.Ranking ordering of defects should be used to guide corrective action. This is the underlying p

24、rinciple behind _. A. trend analysis B. inspection C. control charts D. pareto diagrams（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.The purpose of the Taguchi method is to _. A. manage the flow of material for better visibility and control B. use statistical techniques to compute a “loss function“ to determine the cost of p

25、roducing products that fall to achieve a target value C. design, group and manage production operations as self-contained flexible cells capable of start-to-finish processing of a family of items D. regulate coordination and communication among process stages（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.PMP 资格认证考试-项目质量管理(四)答案解析

26、(总分：20.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B单项选择题/B(总题数：20，分数：20.00)1.The process giving confidence that the project will meet appropriate quality standards is called _. A. scope verification B. perform quality control C. perform quality assurance D. quality planning（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：为项目满足适当的质量标准提供信心的过程被称为_。 A) 范围核实

27、 B) 实施质量控制 C) 实施质量保证 D) 规划质量2.The statistical method that looks at the influence of different factors on specific variables is called _. A. design of experiments B. benchmarking C. variability of factors D. ISO（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：实验设计(DOE)是一种统计方法，用来识别哪些因素会对正在开发的流程或正在生产的产品的特定变量产生影响。应在规划质量过程中实用 DOE，来

28、确定测试的类别、数量，以及这些测试对质量成本的影响。 一种用于确定不同的因素对特定变量的影响的统计方法，被称为_。 A) 实验设计 B) 基准分析 C) 因素的可变性 D) 国际标准化组织3.Which of the following has the greatest effect on a products reliability and maintenance characteristic? A. Conceptualization. B. Product design. C. Fabrication. D. A and B.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：产品的可靠性和可维护

29、性构成了产品的有效性，是衡量质量的两个重要指标，可通过对产品进行细致的质量规划加以提高。 下列哪项对产品的可靠性和可维护性影响最大? A) 概念化。 B) 产品设计。 C) 装配。 D) A 和 B。4.On a project the project manager should strive for a “Quality Level“ that _. A. is the highest level possible B. is as close to the project objectives as possible C. represents the least cost to the

30、 project D. exceeds the specified requirement of the project（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：参见PMBOK 指南第四版第 8 章引言“项目质量管理包括执行组织确定质量政策、目标与职责的各过程和活动，从而使项目满足其预定的要求”。不要镀金膜，项目执行的目标就是实现项目已定义的质量目标。 在一个项目中，项目经理会尽量争取一个_“质量水平”。 A) 尽可能最高的 B) 尽可能贴近项目目标的 C) 最少的项目费用 D) 超过项目已定义的需求5.Perform quality control in the final analysis

31、 is _. A. using the technical procedures of monitoring project results to decide if the outputs meet the requirements B. a production system C. a inspection system D. fitness for purpose（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：是监测并记录执行质量活动的结果，从而评估绩效并建议必要变更的过程。 在最后分析中实施质量控制是_。 A) 采用技术流程来监控项目结果以确定成果是否符合要求 B) 一个生产系统 C) 一个

32、检查系统 D) 符合用户需求6.Costs of quality include _. A. the total of all costs incurred to assure the production and delivery of acceptable products and services B. only costs classified as prevention, detection and corrective action C. only the costs of scrap, rework due to defects, customer returns and war

33、ranty costs D. the expense of upper management（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：B、C 和 D 都不完全。 质量费用包括_。 A) 发生在确保生产和交付合格产品和服务的总费用 B) 只用于防止、检查和纠正上的费用 C) 只用于废品、由于缺陷而进行的返工、客户退回的产品和担保的费用 D) 高层管理的费用7.Who benefits from a strong, comprehensive and consistent quality control program? A. The contracting organizations. B. T

34、he manufacturing group. C. The customer. D. A, Band C.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：质量目标的达到对所有的项目相关利害者都有益。 一个强大的、全面的、连贯的质量控制系统将会对谁有益? A) 签约的组织。 B) 生产部门。 C) 客户。 D) A，B 和 C。8.To ensure the project team provides the functionality the customer expects in a new piece of software, the PM asks the customer for sign

35、-off on the design criteria. These documents are _. A. technical specifications B. performance specifications C. product descriptions D. quality assurance perform quality assurance（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：质量的目标就是要满足规范，则客户签署同意的技术规范就是质量管理的参照物了。 为了保证项目团队提供给客户软件产品的功能使客户满意，项目经理让客户在设计标准上签字，这份文档是_。 A) 技术规范 B)

36、性能规范 C) 产品描述 D) 实施质量保证9.The characteristics of a well-rounded and consistent quality program are _. A. top management support, quality is designed into the product or service, recognition of quality performance at all organizational levels, using statistics as a basis for control, regular audits, an

37、d team participation in the quality control process B. middle management support only, quality is designed into the product or service, recognition of quality performance at all organizational levels, a strong and active punishment system, using statistics as a basis for control, and team participat

38、ion in the quality control process C. top management support, a quality policy force, a strong punishment system, quality is designed into the product or service, recognition of quality performance at all organizational levels, using statistics as basis for control and regular audits D. top manageme

39、nt support, quality is designed into the product or service, recognition of quality performance at all organizational levels, using statistics as a basis for control, regular audits, and a global information system（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：一个运作良好的、一致的质量标准的特征是_。 A) 高层管理者的支持，质量是设计到产品或者服务中，并且质量的执行是在公司所有的层面上

40、得到认可，运用统计学作为控制的基础，定期审计，团队也参加到质量控制的过程中来 B) 只要来自中层的支持，质量是设计到产品或者服务中，并且质量的执行是在公司所有的层面上得到认可，强有力的、积极的处罚系统，运用统计学作为控制的基础，定期审计，团队也参加到质量控制的过程中来 C) 高层管理的支持，质量政策的压力，强有力的处罚系统，质量是设计到产品或者服务中，并且质量的执行是在公司所有的层面上得到认可，运用统计学作为控制的基础，定期审计 D) 高层管理者的支持，质量是设计到产品或者服务中，并且质量的执行是在公司所有的层面上得到认可，运用统计学作为控制、日常审核的基础，是一个全球的信息系统10.Jake

41、 has been assigned the position of PM of multi-organizational project. His organization, which is the primary performing organization, has a weak quality policy. The other organizations have no quality policy. Jake should _. A. use the policy for his organization, since his organization is the prima

42、ry performing organization B. forget about the quality aspects of the project since two-thirds of the team have no quality policy C. work with the team members from the various organizations and develop a quality policy for the project without telling anyone, to eliminate negative feedback D. seek b

43、uy-in from all organizations to fund a quality program（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：“如果实施组织没有正式的质量原则，或者项目牵扯到多个执行组织(如合资项目)，则项目管理团队就需要为项目制定一个质量政策。” Jake 被任命为一个多元组织项目的项目经理，他的公司是一个主要的执行组织，有一个比较弱的质量方针。其他的公司中没有质量方针。Jake 应该_。 A) 用他们公司的质量方针，因为他的公司是主要的执行组织 B) 不考虑项目质量方面的事情，因为三分之二的团队都没有质量方针 C) 与来自各个组织的成员一起制定一个这个项目的质量方针

44、，同时不告诉任何其他人以消除负面反应 D) 从所有的组织中寻找支持来建立一个质量计划11.The widget production project is well underway. The requirements are clear that each widget must weigh between 0.320 and 0.325 ounces. The first day of test production resulted in 1247 widgets. Of the widgets inspected 47% fell within the acceptable weigh

45、t range. This is an example of _. A. variable sampling B. attribute sampling C. control charting D. flow charting（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：属性抽样和变量抽样的定义。其主要区别在于检查结果是定性的还是定量的。属性抽样是定性的，判断是否是可接受的；而变量抽样是定量的，以数据的形式表明与标准符合的程度。 部件生产项目正在进展中。要求很明确，每个部件的重量必须在 0.320 和 0.325 盎司之间。第一天试生产了 1247 个部件。在检验的部件中，47%在可接受的重量范围

46、内。这属于_的例子。 A) 变量抽样 B) 属性抽样 C) 控制图 D) 流程图12.A project team is in the design stage of a new mountain bike prototype. The team is in the process of identifying which type of frame and material will provide high performance at a low cost. Which of the following is the most likely technique used to deter

47、mine these variables? A. cost/Benefit analysis. B. Ishikawa diagram. C. Design of experiments. D. System flowchart.（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：“实验设计(DOE)是一种统计方法，用来识别哪些因素会对正在开发的流程或正在生产的产品的特定变量产生影响。应在规划质量过程中使用 DOE，来确定测试的类别、数量，以及这些测试对质量成本的影响。”用于确定不同的因素(框架和材料)对特定变量(成本收益比)的影响的技术，就是实验设计。 项目团队正处于一种新型山地自行车原型的设计阶段。

48、团队正在确定哪种类型的框架和材料将以较低的成本提供较高的性能。为了确定这些变量，最可能使用下列哪项技术? A) 成本效益分析。 B) Ishikawa 图。 C) 实验设计。 D) 系统图。13.Your project has had a major defect and you have gotten the project team and the quality engineers involved in problem analysis. There are three different opinions of what the cause of the problem might be. In order to get the root of the problem you decide to use a cause-and-effect diagram. Which of the following would best describe what the group is invo