ISO 1663-2007 Rigid cellular plastics - Determination of water vapour transmission properties《硬质泡沫塑料 水蒸气传输性能的测定》.pdf

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1、 Reference number ISO 1663:2007(E) ISO 2007INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 1663 Third edition 2007-05-01 Rigid cellular plastics Determination of water vapour transmission properties Plastiques alvolaires rigides Dtermination des caractristiques de transmission de la vapeur deau ISO 1663:2007(E) PDF disc

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4、he file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROT

5、ECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2007 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs m

6、ember body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2007 All rights reservedISO 1663:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved iii Contents P

7、age Foreword iv 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Principle. 2 5 Apparatus and materials 2 6 Sample . 3 7 Test specimens . 5 8 Procedure 5 9 Expression of results . 7 10 Precision 8 11 Test report . 9 Annex A (normative) Preparation of test assemblies. 10 Annex B (i

8、nformative) Derivation of the formula for calculating the water vapour diffusion resistance index 12 ISO 1663:2007(E) iv ISO 2007 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work

9、of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-government

10、al, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The mai

11、n task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Att

12、ention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 1663 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 10, Cellular plastics.

13、 This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 1663:1999), of which it constitutes a minor revision. The main changes are as follows: the tolerance limits required for the humidity in the constant-humidity chamber (see 5.6 and 8.1) have been relaxed from 2 % to 5 %; in Table 1, the

14、 third set of test conditions has been corrected to 38 C and 0 % to 88 % RH. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 1663:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved 1 Rigid cellular plastics Determination of water vapour transmission properties 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a method of determining the

15、water vapour transmission rate, water vapour permeance, water vapour permeability and water vapour diffusion resistance index for rigid cellular plastics. The scope of this method provides for the testing of rigid cellular materials that have thicknesses from 10 mm upwards and which may, as an integ

16、ral part of the material, contain natural skins or adhered facings of some different material. Three different sets of temperature and humidity conditions are provided, as follows: a) 38 C and a relative-humidity gradient across the test specimen of 0 % to 88 %; b) 23 C and a relative-humidity gradi

17、ent across the test specimen of 0 % to 85 %; c) 23 C and a relative-humidity gradient across the test specimen of 0 % to of 50 %. The results obtained by this method are suitable for design purposes and production control, and for inclusion in product specifications. The method is suitable for mater

18、ials which have water vapour transmission rates in the range 3 ng/(m 2 s) to 200 ng/(m 2 s). 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edit

19、ion of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 291, Plastics Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing ISO 483, Plastics Small enclosures for conditioning and testing using aqueous solutions to maintain the humidity at a constant value ISO 1923, Cellular plastics and

20、rubbers Determination of linear dimensions 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. ISO 1663:2007(E) 2 ISO 2007 All rights reserved3.1 water vapour transmission rate quantity of water vapour transmitted through unit area of a test specimen

21、 in unit time under specified conditions of temperature, humidity and thickness NOTE 1 It is expressed in micrograms per square metre per second (g m 2 s 1 ). NOTE 2 The values obtained for the water vapour transmission rate are specific to the thickness of the test specimen. 3.2 water vapour permea

22、nce ratio of the water vapour transmission rate for a test specimen to the vapour pressure difference between the two specimen faces during the test NOTE 1 It is expressed in nanograms per square metre per second per pascal (ng m 2 s 1 Pa 1 ). NOTE 2 Water vapour permeance values are specific to the

23、 thickness at which the specimen was tested. 3.3 water vapour resistance inverse of water vapour permeance 3.4 water vapour permeability numerical value of the product of permeance and thickness NOTE 1 It is the quantity of water vapour transmitted per unit time through a given area of the material

24、per unit vapour pressure difference between its faces for a unit thickness. NOTE 2 It is expressed in nanograms per metre per second per pascal (ng m 1 s 1 Pa 1 ). NOTE 3 For homogeneous materials, values obtained for water vapour permeability are a property of the material. 3.5 water vapour diffusi

25、on resistance index ratio of the water vapour permeability of air to that of the material concerned NOTE 1 It indicates how much less permeable the material is than an equally thick layer of stationary air at the same temperature. NOTE 2 It is dimensionless. NOTE 3 For homogeneous materials, values

26、obtained for water vapour diffusion resistance index are a property of the material. 4 Principle A test specimen is sealed to the open mouth of a test dish containing a desiccant. The assembly is then placed in an atmosphere whose temperature and humidity are controlled. Periodic weighings of the as

27、sembly are made to determine the rate of water vapour transmission through the specimen into the desiccant. 5 Apparatus and materials 5.1 Shallow circular open containers, made of a material impermeable to water vapour, such as glass or metal, of 65 mm minimum diameter and with tops slightly belled

28、out to admit a wax seal. See Annex A for typical assemblies and 5.3 for assemblies requiring a template. ISO 1663:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved 3 5.2 Measuring instruments, capable of determining linear dimensions in accordance with the requirements of ISO 1923. 5.3 Circular template (with ed

29、ge tapered to facilitate removal after use), to duplicate the exposed area of the specimen to the nearest 0,1 cm 2 . The template shall have an area that is at least 90 % of the exposed surface of the specimen in order to reduce the edge effect due to a non-linear vapour seal. 5.4 Pot or dish, for m

30、elting the sealant wax (5.8). 5.5 Analytical balance, capable of weighing the test assembly to an accuracy of 0,1 mg. 5.6 Constant-temperature, constant-humidity chamber, capable of being maintained within 5 % of the required relative humidity and within 1 C of the required temperature, and with a p

31、rovision for continuous monitoring of the temperature and humidity during the test period. The chamber may be a room. Alternatively, if the chamber corresponds to that shown in Figure 1, then the air circulation shall be capable of being switched off to permit accurate weighings. NOTE If a condition

32、ed room is used for the test, then it is not necessary to use the chamber shown in Figure 1. 5.7 The following solutions can be used with non-injection-type humidity cabinets: 5.7.1 For testing at 38 C and a relative humidity of 88 %: saturated potassium nitrate solution containing a large excess of

33、 the undissolved salt at 38 C. 5.7.2 For testing at 23 C and a relative humidity of 85 %: saturated chloride solution containing a large excess of the undissolved salt at 23 C. NOTE 1 For testing at 23 C and a relative humidity of 50 %, there is no suitable salt which would meet the tolerance requir

34、ed by 8.1. NOTE 2 For laboratories which do not have a suitable humidity chamber, the following solutions are suggested as alternatives, although the user should be aware that they do not comply with this International Standard: a) a saturated aqueous solution of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate contai

35、ning a large excess of the undissolved salt at 23 C; b) a saturated aqueous solution of sodium dichromate dihydrate containing a large excess of the undissolved salt at 23 C. More information about constant-humidity solutions may be found in ISO 483. 5.8 Sealant wax, unaffected by the test condition

36、s. The following are examples of suitable sealants: 5.8.1 A mixture of 90 % microcrystalline wax and 10 % of a plasticizer (for example low-molecular-mass polyisobutylene). 5.8.2 A mixture of 60 % microcrystalline wax and 40 % refined crystalline paraffin. 5.9 Anydrous calcium chloride desiccant, wi

37、th particles about 5 mm in diameter, free from fines, which would pass a No. 30 (600 m) sieve. 5.10 Limiting ring, for use with thin specimens (see Figure A.1). 6 Sample The sample shall be representative of the material. It may contain the natural skin or facings adhered to it which constitute part

38、 of the material. ISO 1663:2007(E) 4 ISO 2007 All rights reservedSome cellular plastics have skins of a density significantly different from that of the core material. If it is intended to determine the permeability of the material, the specimen shall be homogeneous and tested without the skin and f

39、acing. Key 1 controlled-environment test chamber with “glove box” type access door 2 balance 3 suspended weighing platform 4 test assembly during weighing Figure 1 Recommended specimen exposure and measurement when operator cannot enter controlled environment ISO 1663:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights res

40、erved 5 7 Test specimens 7.1 Dimensions 7.1.1 Shape and fit Specimens shall be cut to fit the dimensions of the test assembly used (see Annex A). 7.1.2 Thickness The thickness of specimens shall not be less than 10 mm, except for materials produced thinner than 10 mm which shall be tested at the man

41、ufactured thickness. A specimen thickness of 25 mm is preferred. 7.1.3 Exposed area The diameter of specimens shall not be less than four times the specimen thickness. The minimum exposed area shall be 50 cm 2 . 7.2 Number A minimum of five specimens shall be tested. When the material to be tested i

42、s suspected of being anisotropic, the test specimens shall be cut such that the parallel faces are normal to the direction of vapour flow through the product in its intended use. When the material is faced with natural skins or adhered facings which are different for the two sides, the test specimen

43、s shall be tested with the vapour flow in the same direction as that in the intended use. If the direction of vapour flow in the intended use is not known, a duplicate set of specimens shall be prepared so that tests can be made and reported for each direction of vapour flow. 7.3 Conditioning For pr

44、ecise measurement, test specimens shall be conditioned in one of the atmospheres specified in ISO 291. 8 Procedure 8.1 Select the desired test environment from the three sets of conditions below: (38 1) C and a relative humidity of 0 % on one side of the specimen and (88 5) % on the other side; (23

45、1) C and a relative humidity of 0 % on one side of the specimen and (85 5) % on the other side; (23 1) C and a relative humidity of 0 % on one side of the specimen and (50 5) % on the other side. NOTE A tolerance is not applied to the 0 % RH condition because it is the condition deemed to be generat

46、ed by the use of the desiccant. Because the values obtained under one set of test conditions may differ from the values obtained under a different set of conditions, the conditions selected shall be those most closely approaching the conditions of use. 8.2 The environment in the test chamber (5.6) s

47、hall be monitored continuously and the temperature maintained within 2 C of that of the test room. 8.3 Select a test assembly from the configurations given in Figure A.1. ISO 1663:2007(E) 6 ISO 2007 All rights reserved8.4 Prepare the test specimens such that they fit the selected test assembly confi

48、guration. 8.5 In accordance with ISO 1923, measure the thickness of the test specimens at each quadrant to the nearest 0,1 mm, or to an accuracy of 5 %, whichever is the more precise. Calculate the average result for each test specimen. 8.6 Place the desiccant (5.9) in a layer (20 5) mm thick at the

49、 bottom of each container. Heat the sealant wax (5.8) in its container until liquid. Then follow the procedure in Annex A which corresponds to the configuration selected. The air space between the desiccant and the specimen shall be (15 5) mm. The diameter of the exposed area shall be at least 90 % of the diameter of the specimen. See Figure 2, which shows a typical test assembly. Key 1 specimen diameter d 2 diameter of exposed area (W 0,9d) 3 specimen thicknes