ASTM F3326-2019 Standard Specification for Flame Mitigation Devices on Portable Fuel Containers.pdf

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1、Designation: F3326 19Standard Specification forFlame Mitigation Devices on Portable Fuel Containers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3326; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisio

2、n. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishes performance requirementsfor Flame Mitigation Devices (FMDs) in portable fuel contain-ers (PFCs) for

3、 gasoline, kerosene, and diesel fuels intended forreuse by the consumer.1.2 A flame mitigation device in gasoline (red), diesel(yellow), and kerosene (blue) PFCs protects the containeropenings from possible propagation of a flame into a flam-mable fuel-air mixture within the container. Formation of

4、aflammable fuel-air mixture in the container can occur in specialcircumstances associated with cold ambient conditions and lowliquid levels in the container. Delineations of those circum-stances and conditions have been described in publishedreports (for example, Gardiner et al, 2010 (1), and papers

5、, forexample, Elias et al, 2013 (2), including research sponsoredand overseen by the ASTM F15.10 Technical Committee.1.3 This specification does not address the hazard of injuryor death caused by ignition of vapors external to the PFC whenthe fuel in the PFC is poured onto or near to a fire or other

6、ignition source causing these external vapors to ignite orexplode. An FMD does not prevent hazards associated withmisuse of the PFC resulting in external vapor ignition.1.4 The flame mitigation device is chemically conditionedby exposure to representative fuel surrogates CE25a andCE85a fuel and othe

7、r expected conditions prior to the tests.1.5 The flame mitigation device is mechanically condi-tioned by repeated insertions and removal of a fuel refuelingspout prior to the tests.1.6 The first test method establishes that the flame mitiga-tion device can effectively prevent flame propagation into

8、aflammable butane-air mixture inside the portable fuel con-tainer. The butane-air mixture is a controlled and repeatableproxy for the more variable fuel vapor-air mixture in thecontainer.1.7 The second test method establishes that the flamemitigation device is permitting adequate flow rates of fuel.

9、1.8 This specification states values in SI units which are tobe regarded as the standard. The values given in parenthesesare for information only.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this stan

10、dard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.10 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision

11、on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F852 Specification for Portable Gasoline Containers forConsumer Use (Withdrawn 2017)32

12、.2 Other Standards:NFPA 497 Recommended Practice for the Classification ofFlammable Liquids, Gases, or Vapors of Hazardous (Clas-sified) Locations for Electrical Installations in ChemicalProcess Areas4IEC 60079-20-1 Explosive atmospheres Part 20-1: Mate-rial characteristics for gas and vapour classi

13、fication Testmethods and data5CSA B376 Portable Containers for Gasoline and OtherPetroleum61This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 onConsumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.10 onStandards for Flammable Liquid Containers.Current edition appro

14、ved Jan. 1, 2019. Published January 2019. DOI: 10.1520/F3326-19.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM websi

15、te.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 BatterymarchPark, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http:/www.nfpa.org.5Available from International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), 3, rue deVaremb, 1st Floo

16、r, P.O. Box 131, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iec.ch.6Available from Canadian Standards Association (CSA), 178 Rexdale Blvd.,Toronto, ON M9W 1R3, Canada, http:/www.csagroup.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United St

17、atesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to T

18、rade (TBT) Committee.13. Terminology3.1 Specification F852 is the reference for all portable fuelcontainer specific terminology in this specification. Definitionsmay be presented in this section for convenience.3.2 Definitions:3.2.1 flame mitigation device (FMD), na device perma-nently installed in

19、a PFC to prevent the propagation of anexternal ignition into the PFC.3.2.2 flame speed, nthe average frame to frame measuredspeed of the flame in the first34 of the tube length.3.2.3 fuel, na volatile mixture of liquid petroleum hydro-carbons distillates, and small amounts of additives, sometimesble

20、nded with ethanol or similar oxygenates, suitable for use asa fuel in spark-ignition, internal combustion gasoline engines),or bio diesel (for compression ignition in diesel engines).3.2.4 Maximum Experimental Safe Gap (MESG), nthemaximum clearance between two parallel metal surfaces thathas been fo

21、und, under specified test conditions, to prevent adeflagration in a test chamber from being propagated to asecondary chamber containing the same gas or vapor at thesame concentration (see IEC 60079-20-1).3.2.5 portable fuel container (PFC), na single- or multi-compartment vessel intended for use by

22、consumers to transportgasoline, gas/oil mixtures (or separate compartments of gasand oil), diesel, or kerosene from their distribution points to theconsumers storage and use points, including all of the com-ponents intended for use on or with the container includingthose supplied by manufacturers ot

23、her than the PFC manufac-turer.4. FMD Requirements4.1 General Requirements:4.1.1 The PFC shall be qualified to the current version ofSpecification F852.4.1.2 Due to the increased risk of static discharge with moreconductive materials, the FMD shall be composed of nonme-tallic materials.4.1.3 The PFC

24、 with the highest rated capacity up to 5 gal or20 L of a family of similar design and construction shall berepresentative of all of the PFCs within that family with respectto this specification.NOTE 1The PFC with the highest rated capacity in the family may beused to certify all of the PFCs in the f

25、amily.NOTE 2This FMD standard may be referenced for other containercapacities and applications.4.2 FMD Effectiveness:4.2.1 When tested in accordance with 6.1, a PFC which hasundergone test method 8.3 of Specification F852, DropStrength Test using water only:4.2.1.1 Shall not allow a flame to propaga

26、te into and ignitethe headspace within the PFC with the pouring spout installedaccording to the manufacturers instructions.4.2.1.2 If the pouring spout is removable, shall not allow aflame to propagate into and ignite the headspace within thePFC with the pouring spout removed.4.2.1.3 If there are se

27、parate openings for filling and pouring,shall not allow a flame to propagate into and ignite theheadspace within the PFC through the filling opening.4.2.2 When tested in accordance with 6.1, a PFC which hasundergone test method 8.4 of Specification F852, HydrostaticPressure Test:4.2.2.1 Shall not al

28、low a flame to propagate into and ignitethe headspace within the PFC with the pouring spout installedaccording to the manufacturers instructions.4.2.2.2 If the pouring spout is removable, shall not allow aflame to propagate into and ignite the headspace within thePFC with the pouring spout removed.4

29、.2.2.3 If there are separate openings for filling and pouring,shall not allow a flame to propagate into and ignite theheadspace within the PFC through the filling opening.4.2.3 When tested in accordance with 6.1, a new, unusedPFC chemically conditioned in accordance to 5.1 using Stan-dard Fuel CE25a

30、, then mechanically conditioned in accordanceto 5.2 and tested within 48 h of the chemical conditioning:4.2.3.1 Shall not allow a flame to propagate into and ignitethe headspace within the PFC over the course of five (5)successive tests within 8 h with the pouring spout installedaccording to the man

31、ufacturers instructions.4.2.3.2 If the pouring spout is removable, shall not allow aflame to propagate into and ignite the headspace within thePFC over the course of five (5) successive tests within 8 h withthe pouring spout removed.4.2.3.3 If there are separate openings for filling and pouring,shal

32、l not allow a flame to propagate into and ignite theheadspace within the PFC through the filling opening over thecourse of five (5) successive tests within 8 h.NOTE 3It is permissible to use the same conditioned PFC as used in4.3.1.4.2.4 When tested in accordance with 6.1, a new, unusedPFC chemicall

33、y conditioned in accordance to 5.1 using Stan-dard Fuel CE85a, then mechanically conditioned in accordanceto 5.2 and tested within 48 h of the chemical conditioning:4.2.4.1 Shall not allow a flame to propagate into and ignitethe headspace within the PFC over the course of five (5)successive tests wi

34、thin 8 h with the pouring spout installedaccording to the manufacturers instructions.4.2.4.2 If the pouring spout is removable, shall not allow aflame to propagate into and ignite the headspace within thePFC over the course of five (5) successive tests within 8 h withthe pouring spout removed.4.2.4.

35、3 If there are separate openings for filling and pouring,shall not allow a flame to propagate into and ignite theheadspace within the PFC through the filling opening over thecourse of five (5) successive tests within 8 h.NOTE 4It is permissible to use the same conditioned PFC as used in4.3.2.4.3 FMD

36、 Flow Resistance:4.3.1 A new, unused PFC chemically conditioned in accor-dance to 5.1 using Standard Fuel CE25a, then mechanicallyconditioned in accordance to 5.2:4.3.1.1 When tested in accordance with 6.2.3 shall have apour-in rate not less than 34 L/min (9 gal/min).F3326 192NOTE 5It is permissible

37、 to use this conditioned PFC for 4.2.3.4.3.2 A new, unused PFC chemically conditioned in accor-dance to 5.1 using Standard Fuel CE85a, then mechanicallyconditioned in accordance to 5.2:4.3.2.1 When tested in accordance with 6.2.3 shall have apour-in rate not less than 34 L/min (9 gal/min).NOTE 6It i

38、s permissible to use this conditioned PFC for 4.2.4.4.4 Flow Out Test Reserved:NOTE 7If applicable, a requirement regarding the pouring out rate,intended to ensure that the pouring out flow characteristic of an FMDequipped PFC does not adversely affect consumer acceptance, may beincorporated in a la

39、ter version of this specification.4.5 FMD Removal:4.5.1 When tested in accordance with 6.3, the FMD shallnot be removed from the PFC.4.6 Retest Statement:4.6.1 Testing RequirementsFull qualification testing shallbe required to certify products to this initial version of thisspecification.5. Sample P

40、reparation/Conditioning5.1 PFC FMD Test Sample Chemical Durability Condition-ing:5.1.1 Chemical Conditioning PurposeThe FMD equippedPFC is conditioned with Standard Fuel CE25a and CE85a toverify that the FMD structure and effectiveness is not compro-mised by prolonged exposure to the specified fuel

41、formula-tions.5.1.2 Chemical Durability Conditioning Apparatus:5.1.2.1 A PFC and fuel.5.1.2.2 A PFC temperature controlled enclosure capable ofmaintaining and monitoring a constant temperature of 40 62C (104 6 4F) near the PFC location is used for the PFCthermal environment.5.1.3 Chemical Conditioni

42、ng Procedure:5.1.3.1 Fill the PFC with fuel such that approximately 50 %of the length of the FMD in the filling opening is immersed intest fuel.5.1.3.2 Secure closures with the torque values specified inSpecification F852 Table 1.5.1.3.3 Place PFC into the enclosure with a controlledtemperature of 4

43、0 6 2C (104 6 4F), as measured near thePFC.5.1.3.4 Store in enclosure for a minimum of 60 days. Onceeach weekday during storage, remove PFC from enclosure,shake PFC so that the liquid will contact the FMD situated inthe filling opening, and return to enclosure.5.1.3.5 Remove PFC after at least 60 da

44、ys.5.1.3.6 Examine and photograph applicable FMDs within 4h, noting any deterioration or changes in dimensions or shape.NOTE 8It is permissible to make intermediate examinations of theFMD to determine if obvious physical damage has clearly rendered itineffective.5.2 PFC FMD Mechanical Durability Con

45、ditioning:5.2.1 This mechanical durability conditioning is carried outon the FMD in the filling opening after the 5.1 chemicalconditioning.5.2.2 Mechanical Durability Conditioning ApparatusAcommercial type fuel dispensing nozzle is mounted on asurface inclined at an angle of 45 to the horizontal so

46、that itcan slide into the filling opening of an FMD equipped PFC,which is also mounted on an inclined surface oriented perpen-dicular to the nozzle spout slide. Use a fixture equivalent to astandard nozzle of 29 mm (118 in.) in diameter, weighing 1320g (2.91 lb) and approximately 18 cm (7 in.) in le

47、ngth.Appendix X2, Fig. X2.1 is an illustrative example of theapparatus setup for this conditioning.5.2.3 Mechanical Durability Conditioning ProcedureAllow the nozzle to slide via gravity into filling opening of thefuel container, and then retrieved and repositioned on theinclined surface. This condi

48、tioning procedure simulates themechanical wear due to friction between nozzle and the PFCopening containing the FMD. Repeat the insertion and retrievalprocess 49 times.NOTE 9It is permissible to make intermediate examinations of theFMD to determine if obvious physical damage has clearly rendered iti

49、neffective.6. Test Methods6.1 FMD Effectiveness Test:NOTE 10FMD effectiveness tests are carried out within 48 h ofchemical conditioning.6.1.1 The bottom of an FMD equipped PFC is cut off andthe PFC is mounted to a base plate containing a gas samplingport and an aluminum foil blow out panel. Fill the modifiedPFC, with the pouring spout locked open where applicable,with a flammable butane-air mixture (simulating the fuel-airmixture) which also fills an igniter tube attached to the openingbeing tested. The orientation of the test setup positions t