2019年高考英语一轮抓纲务本模块6Unit3Understandingeachother（含解析）牛津译林版.doc

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1、1Understanding each other李仕才一、阅读理解。“Its a big hammer to crack a nut.” This is how one angry parent described the recent crackdown(严厉的打击) by London police on parents who drop their kids off at school by car.Yes，you read that correctlythe very mode of transportation that many American schools insist i

2、s the only safe way to deliver kids to school is now considered illegal in the UK.The decision to fine any vehicles seen dropping off or picking up kids within a particular zone of east London comes from city councilors(议员) longterm efforts to make the area safer and less crowded.They say theyve bee

3、n trying for years “to encourage reasonable parking”，but in vain.Neighborhood residents complain frequently about their driveways being blocked by illegally parked cars for 15 minutes or more，often while theyre trying to get to work，and the streets are long overcrowded.Now the rules have changed.Som

4、e parents are angry.Angie is a mother who made the “big hammer” comment and says the crackdown is “way over the top”The nearest dropoff point for her sixyearold is now a fiveminute walk from the school.Others are happy with the decision，severe though it may seem.Councilor Jason Frost said：“Traffic h

5、as been clearly reduced，and more children are now walking to school，which is a great outcome.I would rather have complaints that we are slightly inconveniencing parents than hear that a child had been seriously injured because nothing was done.”I witness daily the chaos(混乱)created by these intown dr

6、ivers，when I walk my own kids to school.Theres a parking lot crowded with vehicles and a slowmoving train of cars moving in circles，many filling the air with harmful smoke.Meanwhile，the conversations around overweight children and the importance of daily physical activities continue to stand out in

7、schools.1Why is Angie opposed to the new rule?AShe is often fined by London police.BShe will lose her job as a school driver.CShe has adapted to the American practice.DShe thinks it adds inconvenience to her kid.22Why has the new rule been made according to Jason Frost?AOn account of many complaints

8、.BBecause of students health problem.COwing to safety concern.DDue to air pollution.3What can be seen after the crackdown is carried out?ALess daily chaos.BSupport from all people.CMore overweight children.DComplaints from neighbors.4What is the main idea of the text?AParents attempt to resist a sch

9、ool rule.BLondon police cause widespread anger.CAmerican schools care more about kids safety.DDifferent voices are heard on a new traffic policy.【解题导语】本文讲述伦敦自实行在学校门口严禁停车这一做法以来的变化。【难句分析】The decision to fine any vehicles seen dropping off or picking up kids within a particular zone of east London come

10、s from city councilors(议员)longterm efforts to make the area safer and less crowded.分析：这是一个简单句。句中不定式短语 to fine any vehicles作 decision的后置定语；过去分词短语 seen.London作 vehicles的后置定语；dropping off or picking up kids作补语，补充说明 vehicles；不定式短语 to make the area safer and less crowded作 efforts的后置定语。译文：对任何在特定区域内被看见停车或者

11、接送小孩的车辆进行罚款的决定来自市议员的长期努力，这些努力是为了使这些区域更加安全和少些拥挤。1D 考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“The nearest dropoff point for her sixyearold is now a fiveminute walk from the school”可知，对于她 6岁的孩子来说，最近的下车点离学校有五分钟的步行路程，据此可推知，Angie 认为不能在校门口停车给孩子带来不便。所以选项 D正确。选项 A的意思是“伦敦警察经常对她进行罚款” ，选项 B意思是“她将失去校车司机这份工作” ，这两个选项的信息在文章中都没有出现，所以都是错误的；虽然文

12、章第一段提到这种在校门口就让小孩下车的方法在美国是常见的方式，但如今在伦敦却是非法的，但是没有提到 Angie已经适应了美国的这种惯例，所以选项 C也是错误的。2C 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“longterm efforts to make the area 3safer and less crowded”可知，选项 C的表述“Owing to safety concern”是正确的。所以选项 C正确。3A 考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Traffic has been clearly reduced, and more children are now walking to school

13、, which is a great outcome”可知，车辆已经明显减少，许多孩子正在步行上学，这是最大的结果，所以选项 A正确。4D 考查主旨大意。根据全文可知，伦敦学校门口家长停车造成安全事故和交通堵塞，因此议员提议对这一现象进行制止，由此引发家长的议论。因此选项 D符合题意。选项 A“家长尽力抵制这项校规”是以偏概全；根据第三段中的“Some parents are angry”可知选项 B的表述“伦敦警察引发了广泛的愤怒”也是不符合实际的，所以也是错误的；C 项表述与文章内容不符，故排除。二、单项填空1.Over the years the European Union has m

14、ade great efforts to _ the safety of food and protect the health ofits people.A. observe B. ensure C. indicate D. predict【答案】B【解析】observe 观察；ensure 保证，担保；indicate 表明；predict 预测。句意：多年来欧盟已经尽力确保食品安全保护人民健康。 根据语境选 B。2.In a natural disaster, minutes and even seconds of warning can make the _ between life

15、and death.A. division B. difference C. separation D. sense【答案】B【解析】make the difference between and。意思是：在和之间有差别。句意：发生自然灾害时，几分钟甚至几秒钟的提前警告，都能产生生死之别。3.Lets hold a party to _ your birthday and at the same time _ you on your passing the driving test.A. congratulate; celebrate B. celebrate; celebrateC. cel

16、ebrate; congratulate D. congratulate; congratulate【答案】C4【解析】celebrate 庆祝节日等；congratulate 庆贺某人，向道贺。第一空是表示庆祝生日，用 celebrate；第二空表示因某事向某人道贺，congratulate sb. on sth.结构，用 congratulate。句意：让我们来举行一次晚会庆祝你的生日，同时也祝贺你通过驾照考试。4.The mobile phone has become a major means of communication, _ us to keep in touch as wel

17、l as to surfthe Internet to keep us informed of the latest news.A. supposing B. permitting C. forbidding D. persuading【答案】A【解析】句意：手机已经成为一种主要的交际方式，允许我们保持联系以及上网能够让我们随时了解最新新闻。故选 A。permit sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事；forbid sb. to do sth.禁止某人做某事；persuadesb. to do sth.劝服某人做某事。5.Although the authorities _ people

18、 from climbing up that section of the Great Wall, some people still visitthat area.A. quit B. prohibit C. object D. oppose【答案】B【解析】prohibit sb. from doing sth.“禁止某人做某事” 。句意：尽管当局禁止人们攀爬长城的那个部分，但是仍然有些人前往这个地区游玩。6.Something is wrong with his camera. It cant be _ to take photos in cloudy conditions.A. ada

19、pted B. adjusted C. adopted D. remedied【答案】B【解析】adjust 调整。句意：他的相机出问题了，因为它无法在多云天气下调整拍照了。7.Schools in Japan make students become _ being in the earthquake by organizing earthquake practice every5month.A. popular with B. consistent with C. familiar to D. familiar with【答案】D【解析】句意：日本的学校通过每个月组织防震演习使学生们熟悉处

20、于地震中的情况。familiar 熟悉的；popular 流行的，受欢迎的；consistent 一致的；similar 类似的，相似的。8.Unfortunately the restaurant he recommended fell short of our _.A. expectations B. advantages C. opportunities D. contributions【答案】A【解析】expectations 期待，期望，预期；advantage 优越性，有利方面，有利条件，优点，优势；opportunity机会，机遇；contribution 贡献，捐赠。句意; 遗

21、憾的是他推荐的餐厅与我们心目中期望的相去甚远。根据句意选 A 项。9.According to police _, Mr. and Mrs. Hunt were found dead on the floor of their kitchen.A. appointments B. accounts C. agreements D. assistance【答案】B【解析】句意：根据警方的解释。Hunt 先生和夫人被发现死在家里厨房的地板上。account 账户，账号，说明，叙述。police accounts 警方解释；appointment 约定，约会；agreement 协议；assista

22、nce 援助，帮助。10.Its impossible for her to have more free time to accompany her parents because her work _ much oftheir time.A. takes up B. takes over C. takes off D. takes in【答案】A【解析】take up 拿起，占据(时间或空间)；take over 接管；take off 脱掉，起飞；take in 吸收，上当。句意：6她不可能有更多的空余时间来陪伴她的父母，因为工作占据了她的大部分时间。11.Team leaders mu

23、st _ that all members get over their natural desire to avoid the embarrassmentassociated with making mistakes.A. satisfy B. Compromise C. quarrel D. ensure【答案】D【解析】句意：团队领导们务必保证(ensure)所有成员克服他们的天生的欲望想要避免因犯错误而带来的尴尬。根据句意选 D。12.Experience doesnt always _ to the problem we are faced with.A. make a choice

24、 B. make a difference C. make up D. make out【答案】B。make a choice 做出选择；make a difference 起作用，有影响，有意义；make up 组成，编造，化妆；make out 理解，辨认出。句意：经验并不总是对你所面临的问题起到解决的作用的。13.Hi, Mum. I got promoted for my wonderful performance in my work._A. Congratulations! B. Best wishes. C. Good luck. D. Dont mention it.【答案】A

25、【解析】孩子因在工作中表现得好而得到提升，妈妈应该表示“祝贺” ，故选 A。14.It made our head teacher angry _ Wang Lin, without the _ from the school，was absent from classfor a week.A. that, permission B. which, permit C. which, permission D. that, permit【答案】A【解析】句意：王琳未经学校允许旷课一周，这使我们的校长很生气。it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句，而且引导词在从句中不作成分，故应用 that 引

26、导。permission 允许，许可。15.Chinese customs regulations _ taking precious works of art out of China.7A. prohibit B. Forbid C. avoid D. respect【答案】A【解析】句意：中国海关条例规定禁止将珍贵的文物带出中国。prohibit 和 forbid 这两个词都有“禁止”的意思，但应用范围不同：prohibit 用于上级部门的正式法令、规定或权威机构的法律、法令；forbid用于普通人之间如禁止某人做某事，或不让某人做某事。三、完形填空。I was a first offi

27、cer at an airline. One Christmas Eve, I was checking instruments in 1 for my last flight of the day 2 I heard a noise behind me. I looked 3 my shoulder. Just outside the cockpit(驾驶舱) doorway was a boy of about nine 4 at the cockpit. At my glance he started to 5 . “Come on in here， ” I called. The bo

28、y stepped 6 into the cockpit. “My names Chad， ” I said, sticking out my hand. With a shy smile he put his hand in 7 ， “Im Sam.”The captain would be in any minute. Sam looked so 8 that I didnt want to cut short his fun. I told Sam the 9 of each button. Finally Captain Jim came aboard. I 10 Sam to Jim

29、, who gave him a broad smile. “You ever 11 an airplane before, Sam？” Jim asked. Eyes wide, Sam 12 his head. Following my 13 ， he carefully pressed a button as big as his hand to start the 14 ， which hummed(发出嗡嗡声) to life. Sam looked like he was about to cry with 15 . We started up the other engine,

30、16 ， and arrived in Macon about 40 minutes later.Early Christmas morning, Sams mother came by and 17 a tin of cookies with a note of thanks. Jim looked at it, 18 ， and read it aloud, “Thank you for what youve done. Sam has been dreaming about becoming a pilot. 19 ， hes got cancer.”A small 20 deed th

31、at one does can make a big difference to someone elses life.【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了作者在例行检查飞机时，无意间的好心之举对一个罹患癌症的小孩儿有非凡意义的故事。1A.time Breturn8Cpreparation DexchangeC 解析：根据下文的“Finally Captain Jim came aboard.”可推知，当时飞机还没有起飞，作者在做一些起飞前的检查工作，与作者的身份 officer呼应。2A.after BwhenCas if Deven thoughB 解析：固定句型 be doing.when.意为

32、“正在做某事时，突然” ， 空处与语境“I was checking”呼应，故选 B。3A.over BaroundCabove DfromA 解析：根据语境“I heard a noise behind me”可推知，作者当时回过头去看，over意为“从一边到另一边” ，故选 A。4A.glaring BaimingCshouting DstaringD 解析：根据下文的“Sam looked so _ that I didnt want to cut short his fun.”可推知，小孩儿对驾驶舱很感兴趣，在盯着它看，这与下文作者给小孩儿介绍驾驶舱呼应。stare“盯着看” ；gla

33、re“怒目而视” 。5A.get in Bturn awayCrun out Dset offB 解析：在作者的注视下，小孩儿转过脸去(turn away)。6A.cautiously BunexpectedlyCdesperately DdeliberatelyA 解析：空处与下文的“With a shy smile”呼应，表示小孩儿当时很谨慎。cautiously “小心地，谨慎地” 。7A.his BhimCme DmineD 解析：根据上文的“sticking out my hand”可推知，作者准备和小孩儿握手，因此小孩儿羞怯地把手放在作者的手里。mine 是名词性物主代词， 在此处

34、相当于 my hand。8A.thrilled BworriedCafraid DconfidentA 解析：根据语境“I didnt want to cut short his fun”可推知，小孩儿当时很激动。thrilled “极为激动的” 。9A.type BfunctionCproblem DregulationB 解析：根据语境可知，作者给小孩儿介绍驾驶舱里每个按键的功能。function “功能” 。910A.carried BreportedCintroduced DdirectedC 解析：根据上文可知，小孩儿和作者是第一次见面，因此他们认识之后见到作者的同事时，作者把小孩儿

35、介绍给了同事。introduce“介绍” 。11A.saw BboardedCstarted DvisitedC 解析：根据下文小孩儿在作者的指导下发动引擎可推知，此处问的是小孩儿之前是否开过飞机，与下文的“We started up the other engine”呼应。12A.raised BbowedCnodded DshookD 解析：根据下文的“Following my _ ， he carefully pressed a button”可推知，小孩儿之前没有开过飞机，于是他摇头。13A.signals BinstructionsCexample DscheduleB 解析：根据语

36、境可推知，小孩儿按照作者的指示开始操作按键。instruction “指导” 。14A.flight BjourneyCbutton DengineD 解析：空处与下文的“which hummed(发出嗡嗡声)to life”和“We started up the other engine”呼应，表示小孩儿发动了引擎。15A.happiness BanxietyCsympathy DfrightA 解析：空处与上文的“I didnt want to cut short his fun”呼应，表示小孩儿很高兴看到引擎被发动了起来。16A.gave up Bpulled overCtook off

37、 Dwent outC 解析：根据语境“We started up the other engine . and arrived in Macon about 40 minutes later.”可推知，飞机的引擎都发动后，起飞了，大约 40分钟后抵达了 Macon。17A.took BmadeCbought DleftD 解析：空处与“came by”呼应，表示 Sam的母亲来了，然后留下了一罐饼干和一张感谢便条。1018A.sighed BsobbedCbreathed DrelievedA 解析：根据下文的“hes got cancer”可推知，当时 Jim看到便条后，很伤感和无奈。si

38、gh “叹气” 。19A.Strangely BEventuallyCCarelessly DUnfortunatelyD 解析：结合“hes got cancer”可推知，得了癌症是一件很不幸的事情。20A.heroic BriskyCkind DhonestC 解析：根据全文可推知，作者无意间做的一件好事对一个罹患癌症的小孩儿来说有非凡的意义。kind “仁慈的，友好的” 。四、短文改错。It snowed last night， when was quite rare here in Western Washington State. School canceled for the da

39、y and the neighborhood kids were so exciting！ A couple of my young neighbors knocked polite on my door and asked if they could all play in their courtyard. I was happy to having them and soon they were making snowmen and having snowball fights. I invite them in to have hot cocoa and homemade cookie.

40、 The snow didnt last longit started raining in this afternoonso I enjoyed seeing the kids have so much fun while it was here！答案：It snowed last night， was quite rare here in Western Washington whenwhichState. School canceled for the day and the neighborhood kids were so was ！ A couple of my young nei

41、ghbors knocked on my door and asked excitingexcited politepolitelyif they could all play in courtyard. I was happy to them and soon theirmy havinghavethey were making snowmen and having snowball fights. I them in to have inviteinvitedhot cocoa and homemade . The snow didnt last longit started raining cookiecookiesthis afternoon I enjoyed seeing the kids have so much fun while it was insobuthere！11