2019中考英语一轮复习完形填空之词语搭配练习课件人教新目标版20190125198.pptx

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1、完形填空之词语搭配,Can you guess the meaning of the sentences?1. I need to go somewhere.,Can you guess the meaning of the sentences?1. I need to go somewhere.听到这句话可千万别回答成：You can go anywhere you like.那可是要闹大笑话了。I need to go somewhere. 的意思就是“我要上厕所”。当有老外这么说的时候，指给他卫生间在哪就行了。,2. Translation黄头发,2. Translation黄头发blo

2、nd hair/sandy hair ( )yellow hair (),2. Translation黄头发blond hair/sandy hair ( )yellow hair ()黄头发，千万不要说成 “yellow hair”!这种颜色在英语文化中是比较敏感的。比如你看到一个黄种人，直接叫他/她 yellow，这里就有种族歧视的意思。所以不要用yellow hair来表达黄头发，而是用blond hair 或者 sandy hair。 如：The actress wore a black wig over her blond hair.女演员的金发上戴着黑色的假发。,喝汤,喝汤eat

3、soup ()drink soup (),喝汤eat soup ()drink soup ()喝汤是中国人的饮食习惯。那么，喝汤在英文中是“drink soup“吗? 当然不是!因为西餐里汤一般很稠，汤里有奶油、肉、蔬菜等很多种东西，没法喝，必须送到嘴里咀 嚼。所以，喝汤在英语中是 eat soup 。,请问你还在挑灯夜战完形填空吗？,今天给你介绍一本完形填空 独家“秘籍” 介绍之前先回答一个问题。,完形填空有什么特点？Do you have lots of friends? What do you（1） friends and friendship? Are they very import

4、ant for you? Some of your friends may have different views and interests, and some like doing the same（2） as you. Do you like friends different from（3） the same as you? You may like the friends who（4） the same interests as you. But I dont really care. I have two good friends, Peter and James. Peter

5、is（5） me. I am a quiet boy, and Peter is also quiet. We（6） enjoy reading books and surfing the Internet. On weekends, we often go to the library or（7） on the computer together. But James is very different from us. He likes playing ball games, and he is more athletic than us. He is（8） more outgoing.

6、He likes talking and often makes（9） laugh. You see, friends are not（10） to be the same. Do you agree with me?,观察,完形填空的特点：,词汇和语法综合运用,易程度与初中教材相当,词数在220-280左右,平均每隔16-20个词左右设空,选材多为记叙文,推理判断，联系上下文,【备注页】 一、完形填空的特点是什么？1. 完形填空是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题。2. 难易程度与初中教材相当，词数在220-280左右。3. 文中平均每隔16-20个词左右设空。4. 通过推理

7、判断，综合分析等将答案填入空白处，使短文前后连贯、意思通顺、结构完整合理。5. 选材多为记叙文。,了解近几年完形填空的变化,情境能力型,语法知识型,转变,上下文联系,语篇、语境,【备注页】了解近几年完形填空的变化现在完形填空抛弃了传统的“语法知识型”命题模式，转变成“情境能力型”的命题趋势。它的一个显著特点就是突出语篇，即重在文意的干扰，把具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情境中去，考查学生通过上下文对整体文意进行把握的能力。,二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些？Do you have lots of friends? What do you（1） friends and friendship? Are

8、they very important for you? Some of your friends may have different views and interests, and some like doing the same（2） as you. Do you like friends different from（3） the same as you? You may like the friends who（4） the same interests as you. But I dont really care.,你要仔细观察有啥规律，俺不懂！,（一）从文章结构看首句通常不设空

9、，以便考生对短文前提和背景有个较清楚的了解，从而使考生尽快熟悉语境、推测文章大意。That day，seeing Einstein come back from Sophie（21） ，the assistant asked him why he was happyEinstein told him，“Today，Sophies teacher thought highly of her （22） ，saying that she had an excellent teacher,（二）从语言层次看考点设计对把握语段的要求在提高。我们可以把考点分为三个层次，即句子层次、句群层次和语篇层次。 1

10、. 句子层次的设空指那些只需读懂设空所在句便可选出答案的题目。 例：I _ you were very busy then helping your friend get ready for her wedding I am sure it was a success.A. remember B. explain C. hope D. expect,（二）从语言层次看考点设计对把握语段的要求在提高。我们可以把考点分为三个层次，即句子层次、句群层次和语篇层次。 1. 句子层次的设空指那些只需读懂设空所在句便可选出答案的题目。 例：I _ you were very busy then helpi

11、ng your friend get ready for her wedding I am sure it was a success.A. remember B. explain C. hope D. expect记得 解释 希望 期待,A,2. 句群层次的设空 指根据上下文的内容，经过推理判断可以得到答案的题目前制性设空即根据上文有关内容即可确定答案的题目。 例：It was an English speech contest. My mother asked me to take part in it. What a terrible idea! It meant I had to _

12、in front of all the teachers and students of my school!A. write B. speak C. sing D. dance,2. 句群层次的设空 指根据上下文的内容，经过推理判断可以得到答案的题目前制性设空即根据上文有关内容即可确定答案的题目。 例：It was an English speech contest. My mother asked me to take part in it. What a terrible idea! It meant I had to _ in front of all the teachers and

13、 students of my school!A. write B. speak C. sing D. dance,2. 句群层次的设空 指根据上下文的内容，经过推理判断可以得到答案的题目前制性设空即根据上文有关内容即可确定答案的题目。 例：It was an English speech contest. My mother asked me to take part in it. What a terrible idea! It meant I had to _ in front of all the teachers and students of my school!A. write

14、B. speak C. sing D. dance,B,后制性设空指那些需要根据下文内容才能选出正确答案的题目/下文某处有提示。 例： 1) Nobody _ him in the village. One day he said to them, “I know you dont like me ”A. believed B. liked C. hated D. knew 2) Country music comes from _ kinds of music. One is the traditional music of tall mountain people in the easte

15、rn United States. The other is traditional cowboy music from the American West.A. many B. all C. two D. three,后制性设空指那些需要根据下文内容才能选出正确答案的题目/下文某处有提示。 例： 1) Nobody _ him in the village. One day he said to them, “I know you dont like me ”A. believed B. liked C. hated D. knew 2) Country music comes from _

16、 kinds of music. One is the traditional music of tall mountain people in the eastern United States. The other is traditional cowboy music from the American West.A. many B. all C. two D. three,后制性设空指那些需要根据下文内容才能选出正确答案的题目/下文某处有提示。 例： 1) Nobody _ him in the village. One day he said to them, “I know you

17、 dont like me ”A. believed B. liked C. hated D. knew 2) Country music comes from _ kinds of music. One is the traditional music of tall mountain people in the eastern United States. The other is traditional cowboy music from the American West.A. many B. all C. two D. three,B,C,3. 语篇性设空 指那些需要联系全文的情境、

18、内容才能确定正确答案的设空。I work as a volunteer for an organization that helps the poor in Haiti. Recently I took my son Barrett there for a week, hoping to him achieved all Id expected. Soon he will celebrate his 18th birthday. He will be a man. A. comfort B. please C. attract D. educate,3. 语篇性设空 指那些需要联系全文的情境、

19、内容才能确定正确答案的设空。I work as a volunteer for an organization that helps the poor in Haiti. Recently I took my son Barrett there for a week, hoping to him achieved all Id expected. Soon he will celebrate his 18th birthday. He will be a man. A. comfort B. please C. attract D. educate安慰 使高兴 吸引 教育,3. 语篇性设空 指

20、那些需要联系全文的情境、内容才能确定正确答案的设空。I work as a volunteer for an organization that helps the poor in Haiti. Recently I took my son Barrett there for a week, hoping to him achieved all Id expected. Soon he will celebrate his 18th birthday. He will be a man. A. comfort B. please C. attract D. educate安慰 使高兴 吸引 教

21、育,D,【练习】On the train, Tom was looking1._for his ticket because the conductor was coming 2._to his ticket.1. A. out B. forward C. anywhere D. everywhere2. A. down B. up C. in D. on,【练习】On the train, Tom was looking1._for his ticket because the conductor was coming 2._to his ticket.1. A. out B. forwar

22、d C. anywhere D. everywhere2. A. down B. up C. in D. on （句子成分设空） 【解析】第一空格指Tom在火车上到处找车票，因此选D。everywhere为最佳答案，anywhere常用于否定句和疑问句中。第二空格意为列车员上前查票，走到某人面前come up to sb.为固定词语搭配，因此选B。,D,B,三. 完形填空解题技巧 词语搭配 1. 因搭配关系而产生的一般性词汇。如：see a film 看电影have a try 尝试,努力take ones temperature 量体温give / take sb. a message 给某

23、人捎口信make friends (with) 和.交朋友,go straight along 沿着一直往前走 on either side of the street 街道任何一边 on both sides of the street 街道两边 make a telephone call to sb 给某人打电话 be proud of 为而感到骄傲,【练习】She helped others in need, As her son, I was so （14） of my mumA. surprised B. tired C. afraid D. proud,【练习】She helped

24、 others in need, As her son, I was so （14） of my mumA. surprised B. tired C. afraid D. proud【解析】A. surprised惊讶的；B. tired 疲倦的；C. afraid害怕的；D. proud 自豪的，根据She helped others in need. As her son 可知她帮助别人，所谓他的儿子，我为她感到自豪，be proud of为感到自豪，故选D。,D,2. 词序和意义皆以固定的复合词和动词短语。如： 1）动词+away构成的短语： throw away 扔掉 put awa

25、y 把收好 give away 捐赠，分发 carry away 运走 run away 潜逃，跑开 go away 走开,【练习】 A woman in her sixties lived alone in her little house with a pear tree at her door. She spent all her time taking care of the tree. But the children nearby drove her crazy by making fun of her. They would climb her tree and then （22

26、） with pears，shouting “Aunty Misery” at her.22. A. throw away B. run away C. take away D. put away,【练习】 A woman in her sixties lived alone in her little house with a pear tree at her door. She spent all her time taking care of the tree. But the children nearby drove her crazy by making fun of her. T

27、hey would climb her tree and then （22） with pears，shouting “Aunty Misery” at her.22. A. throw away B. run away C. take away D. put away【解答】B 考查短语，A. throw away扔掉 B. run away逃跑 C. take away带走 D. put away 放好，根据They would climb her tree and then with pears，可知他们爬上树摘了梨子逃跑了，故选B。,B,2）动词+for构成的短语： call for

28、提倡，要求 plan for 打算，为计划 hope for 希望，期待 ask for 请求，寻找，需要 send for 派人去请 go for 努力获取 pay for 偿还，赔偿 wait for 等待 look for 寻找,【练习】“Oh, dear!“ his wife cried out, “My head hurts! （17） a doctor. Hurry up!“ Their two children were both out at that moment and something was wrong with the telephone.17. A. Look f

29、or B. Wait for C. Send for D. Ask for,【练习】“Oh, dear!“ his wife cried out, “My head hurts! （17） a doctor. Hurry up!“ Their two children were both out at that moment and something was wrong with the telephone.17. A. Look for B. Wait for C. Send for D. Ask for【解答】 C. 考查动词短语用法，A. look for 寻找；B. wait for

30、等待；C. send for 派人去请；D. ask for 请求，寻找。根据前句My head hurts可知头受伤了，结合后面的a doctor可知此处应用固定短语send for a doctor，表示请医生，符合句意，故选：C。,C,3）动词+on构成的短语： try on 试穿，试验 put on 穿上，上演 have on 穿着，戴着 hold on 别挂断；坚持住 carry on 继续开展， keep on 继续 go on 继续 get on 上（车、船） come on 赶快,【练习】It is a really sunny day today and dad thinks

31、 it would be a fun day to（37） a boat trip. I pack a bag and wait my dad by the front door. 37. A. put on B. get on C. go on D. walk on,【练习】It is a really sunny day today and dad thinks it would be a fun day to（37） a boat trip. I pack a bag and wait my dad by the front door. 37. A. put on B. get on C

32、. go on D. walk on【解析】C. 考查搭配。put on“穿上，上演”，get on“上车”，go on“进行”，walk on“继续向前走”；句意“爸爸认为这是_乘船旅行的愉快的一天。”，可知，应该是“进行”，选C。,C,4）动词+up构成的短语： bring up 抚育，培养 call up 召唤，打电话给 come up 走进，上来 cut up 切碎 fix up 修理 give up 放弃 go up 上升，增长 grow up 长大 look up 尊敬，向上看，查寻 make up 虚构，弥补，组成 put up 举起，搭建;张贴 pick up 捡起,接某人，偶

33、然得到 set up 建立，创纪录 send up 发射 show up 揭露，露面，炫耀 turn up 出现，把调高一点 take up 占据;开始从事,【练习】If you manage to survive the crisis(度过危机)，think about how it will help you _new challenges（挑战）. A. give up B. take up C. come up D. bring up,【练习】If you manage to survive the crisis(度过危机)，think about how it will help y

34、ou _new challenges（挑战）. A. give up B. take up C. come up D. bring up【解析】B. 句意：“如果你能度过危机，想想它将如何帮助你迎接新的挑战”。本题考查动词短语，A. 放弃；B. 占据(时间、空间)，接受(挑战) C.提出； D. 抚养；养育。根据句意和搭配判断答案为B。,B,5）动词+out构成的短语： work out 算出 look out 当心，小心 turn out 结果证明是 put out 扑灭，熄灭，伸出 come out 出来，开花，出版 break out 战争、火灾、洪水爆发 set out 着手，出发，起

35、程 keep out 把-挡在外面 go out 出去，熄灭 run out 用完 give out 放出、发出（光、热等）；耗尽、用完；筋疲力尽,【练习】All the Chinese people hope that no war will _ in the world A. come out B. put out C. work out D. break out,【练习】All the Chinese people hope that no war will _ in the world A. come out B. put out C. work out D. break out 【解

36、答】D. 分析句子，结合选项，推测意思是所有的中国人都希望世界上不会爆发战争故选D. 爆发。A出来，出版，B扑灭，C解决。,D,6）look +介词/副词的短语： look after 照顾，照料 look up 查阅 look around 环顾 look at 看 look down 朝下看 look for 寻找 look into 调查 look out 当心 look through 浏览，检查,【练习】The teacher asked me to（37）_Nancy, a ten-year-old girl. One of her hands could not move. At

37、 her school, the teachers would think it was an achievement（38）_she could put on her own coat37. A. look after B. look for C. look at D. look over,【练习】The teacher asked me to（37）_Nancy, a ten-year-old girl. One of her hands could not move. At her school, the teachers would think it was an achievemen

38、t（38）_she could put on her own coat37. A. look after B. look for C. look at D. look over【解答】A动词短语及语境的理解。句意：老师让我去照顾Nancy，一个十岁的女孩。look after 照顾；look for 寻找；look at 看；look over 复习。根据I was chosen to work in a school with disabled children可知，我工作的地点是一所残疾儿童学校，可以推测这里老师让我去照顾Nancy这个残疾女孩。故选A。,A,7）turn +介词/副词的短

39、语： turn about/ round (使)向后转，转身 turn against (使)反对(某人) turn away 转过脸去，拒绝 turn back 往回走 turn up 调高，出现 turn down 调低，拒绝 turn in 上缴，上交 turn into (使)变成 turn off 关掉 turn on 打开 turn out 生产，结果是 turn to 求助于，转向,【练习】 Watch TV for one or two hours a day at most or try to （15）_your TV for a week. There are lots o

40、f other fun things to do（15）A. turn on B. turn out C. turn off D. turn up,【练习】 Watch TV for one or two hours a day at most or try to （15）_your TV for a week. There are lots of other fun things to do（15）A. turn on B. turn out C. turn off D. turn up【解答】C 考查短语。A打开；B取出，除去；C关掉；D占用，开始从事；根据Watch TV for one

41、 or two hours a day at most or try to （15）your TV for a week每天最多看一到两个小时的电视，或者试着，应该是关一个星期的电视，故答案是C。,C,8）put +介词/副词的短语： put aside 把放在一边，积蓄 put back 把放回原处 put down 放下，镇压 put forward 提出，建议 put in 放进 put off 推迟，拖延 put on 穿上，戴上，增加，上演 put out 扑灭；熄灭 put up 举起，张贴,【练习】 “Did you put the change back in my walle

42、t？” “Yes, Grandma. “ I replied, hurrying out to the yard. “I hadnt really lied to Grandma, “ I argued with myself. “I did （9）_all the change I had.“ （9）A. put back B. put in C. put out D. put up,【练习】 “Did you put the change back in my wallet？” “Yes, Grandma. “ I replied, hurrying out to the yard. “I

43、 hadnt really lied to Grandma, “ I argued with myself. “I did （9）_all the change I had.“ （9）A. put back B. put in C. put out D. put up【解答】A. 考查动词短语。句意：我确实把我的全部零钱都放回去了。put back放回；put in提交；put out扑灭；put up张贴。根据上文“Did you put the change back in my wallet”可知，奶奶询问作者是否把零钱放回钱包了，故知此处是“放回”之意，故选A。,A,【小试牛刀】I s

44、pent over two hours (in) finishing my homework. He spent 1,000 on the TV set. He paid ten yuan for the book. Itll take you only ten minutes to get there by bus. The dictionary cost me 20 yuan.,take, cost, pay, spend,【小试牛刀】I spent over two hours (in) finishing my homework. He spent 1,000 on the TV se

45、t. He paid ten yuan for the book. Itll take you only ten minutes to get there by bus. The dictionary cost me 20 yuan.,take, cost, pay, spend,3. 因词组而构成的常见的句式： 1）花费 sb.+ spend +time/money +(in) doing sth. 某人花费时间/金钱做某事 sb. + spend + time/money + on +sth.某人在某事物上花费时间/金钱 sb. + pay + money +for +sth. 花钱买.

46、It + takes (will take, / took) + some time + to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间 sth+ cost + (sb.) + money 某物花费（某人）多少钱,【练习】She would also（7） a lot of time talking and playing with themA. take B. pay C. cost D. spend,【练习】She would also（7） a lot of time talking and playing with themA. take B. pay C. cost D. spend【解

47、析】D 考查动词，A. take带走；B. pay支付；C. cost花费；D. spend花费， 根据 a lot of time talking and playing with them，可知考查句型spenddoing sth花费做某事，故选D。,D,【观察】以下句式有什么特点？ The place is so cold that nothing can grow in winter. He has so many books that I dont know which one to borrow. She has so little money that she cant buy anything. This is so good a book that all of us like reading it. This is such an interesting story that all of us like it. It is such fine weather today that many children are playing outside.,