[考研类试卷]考研英语（二）模拟试卷159及答案与解析.doc

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1、考研英语（二）模拟试卷 159 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 The idea seems sort of foolish, just another exercise trick. Stand for a few minutes on a platform that vibrates. Get off and try

2、to do some weight lifting. Or see how high you can jump. You are【C1】_supposed to be able to lift heavier weights and jump higher.But maybe its not so【C2】_, exercise experts say. Although they dont really know why vibrations should work, researchers report that they actually seem to slightly improve【

3、C3】_in the few minutes after a person gets off the machine.The problem,【C4】_, is that there is little【C5】_on how fast the vibrations should be or in what direction platforms are【C6】_to vibrate. Some studies have【C7】_to show any effects from vibrations. And then there is the question of【C8】_exactly v

4、ibrations are doing to muscles and nerves.“It【C9】_is arousing interest, and a large portion of the【C10】_would support that something is happening,“ said Lee E. Brown, an expert at California State University. But he added, “We are still trying to【C11】_exactly what the mechanism is.“Meanwhile, severa

5、l companies make the vibrating platforms, and they are being used at gyms and【 C12】_some athletes. One company, Power Plate,【C13】_that stars like Serena Williams and Justin Morneau, of the Minnesota Twins, train with its【C14】_. Another company, Wave, says the United States ski team used its vibratin

6、g plates in training【C15】_the coming Winter Olympics.But researchers are【C16】_. “There is something to it,“ said William J. Kraemer, a professor at the University of Connecticut,【C17】_it “another tool“ for athletic conditioning. But he added that other conditioning methods might【C18 】_the same or be

7、tter results. Researchers say, people should be appropriately skeptical about the effects of standing on a vibrating platform. “We dont know a lot about prescribing it,“ Dr. Kraemer said. “Theres the【C19】_. Research is trying to【C20】_up.“1 【C1 】（A）somewhat（B） somehow（C） anyhow（D）somewhere2 【C2 】（A）s

8、illy（B） practical（C） sensible（D）definite3 【C3 】（A）persistence（B） endurance（C） resistance（D）performance4 【C4 】（A）likewise（B） though（C） in addition（D）moreover5 【C5 】（A）focus（B） argument（C） consensus（D）objection6 【C6 】（A）intended（B） shifted（C） supposed（D）required7 【C7 】（A）failed（B） adhered（C） subjected

9、（D）referred8 【C8 】（A）how（B） what（C） why（D）when9 【C9 】（A）peculiarly（B） hardly（C） possibly（D）certainly10 【C10 】（A）achievement（B） experience（C） evidence（D）document11 【C11 】（A）work out（B） give out（C） figure out（D）carry out12 【C12 】（A）in（B） by（C） beyond（D）between13 【C13 】（A）proclaims（B） interprets（C） sta

10、tes（D）delivers14 【C14 】（A）instrument（B） device（C） equipment（D）appliance15 【C15 】（A）against（B） towards（C） for（D）with16 【C16 】（A）alert（B） controversial（C） confused（D）confident17 【C17 】（A）claiming（B） uttering（C） addressing（D）calling18 【C18 】（A）yield（B） manufacture（C） result（D）assemble19 【C19 】（A）regret

11、（B） fact（C） obstacle（D）challenge20 【C20 】（A）cheer（B） set（C） catch（D）makePart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)20 Why does Peter Drucker continue to enjoy such a high reputation? Part of the answer lies in peoples mi

12、xed emotions about management. The management-advice business is one of the most successful industries of the past century. When Drucker first turned his mind to the subject in the 1940s it was a backwater. Business schools were treated as poor relations by other professional schools. McKinsey had b

13、een in the management-consulting business for only a decade and the Boston Consulting Group did not yet exist. Officials at General Motors doubted if Drucker could find a publisher for his great study of the company, “Concept of the Corporation“.Today the backwater has turned into Niagara Falls. The

14、 worlds great business schools have replaced Oxbridge as the nurseries of the global elite. The management-consulting industry will earn revenues of $300 billion this year. Management books regularly top the bestseller lists. Management masters can command $60,000 a speech.Yet the practitioners of t

15、his great industry continue to suffer from a severe case of status anxiety. This is partly because the management business has always been prey to fads and frauds. But it is also because the respectable end of the business seems to lack what Yorkshire folk call “bottom“. Consultants and business-sch

16、ool professors are forever discovering great ideas, like re-engineering, that turn to dust, and wonderful companies, like Enron, that burst into flames.Peter Drucker is the perfect antidote to such anxiety. He was a genuine intellectual who, during his early years, rubbed shoulders with the likes of

17、 Ludwig Wittgenstein, John Maynard Keynes and Joseph Schumpeter. He illustrated his arguments with examples from medieval history or 18th-century English literature. He remained at the top of his game for more than 60 years, advising generations of bosses and avoiding being trapped by fashion.But Dr

18、ucker was more than just an antidote to status anxiety. He was also a preacher of management. He argued that management is one of the most important engines of human progress: “the organ that converts a mob into an organization and human effort into performance“. He endlessly extended managements em

19、pire. From the 1950s onwards he offered advice to Japanese companies as well as American ones. He insisted that good management was just as important for the social sector as the business sector.21 The underlined word “it“ in Paragraph 1 refers to _.（A）management（B） management-advice business（C） his

20、 mind（D）business school22 By saying “the backwater has turned into Niagara Falls“ (Para. 2), the author implies that_.（A）business schools have mushroomed all around the world（B） the consulting business has made a lot of money（C） management books and masters have multiplied over the time（D）the manage

21、ment-advice business has become successful and popular23 Such ideas as re-engineering and such companies as Enron are mentioned to show that _.（A）status anxiety troubles every management practitioner（B） the management business is actually a trick to cheat others（C） nothing stands forever no matter h

22、ow wonderful they are（D）it seems the management business does not have a “bottom“24 It can be learned that Peter Drucker_.（A）suffered from the status anxiety with no exception（B） was a close friend with many influential intellects（C） was an expert of medieval history and English literature（D）stayed

23、in the management business for less than 60 years25 The last paragraph mainly discusses that_.（A）Peter Drucker was an enthusiastic follower and advocator of management（B） management is one of the crucial engines of human development（C） Peter Drucker made contributions to American and Japanese compan

24、ies（D）Peter Drucker was the most popular management expert25 Though experts were quick to declare that the election of Barack Obama represented the emergence of a “post-racial“ America, the macro-economy has provided a corrective. During the American economys last deep recession, in the early 1980s,

25、 black unemployment soared to twice the level among whites, passing 21% in 1983. And according to the latest data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, time has changed little. The current unemployment rate among black Americans is almost 16%; among whites the figure is under 10%.The widening gap bet

26、ween blacks and whites persists across demographic lines. The current “mances-sion“ has hit male-dominated professions hardest. But white men face a relatively mild unemployment rate of just over 10% compared with over 18% among black men. For the worst-off, the data are catastrophic. Among young bl

27、ack men without a high-school diploma, nearly half have no jobs. These rates are based on a labor-force number which excludes those in prison; if there were not five times as many blacks behind bars as whites, the figures would look even worse.There is no shortage of explanations for the gap. States

28、 with weaker labor markets, like South Carolina and Michigan, also tend to have larger black populations than low-unemployment states like Iowa and Montana. Predominantly black neighborhoods are often a long way from where jobs are concentrated, in largely white suburbs, so those without cars cannot

29、 get to them.Blacks are also at a disadvantage when it comes to relying on friends and family connections to find jobs; there is not the same network of family businesses that whites and Latinos have. Some studies have found that this factor may explain as much as 70% of the difference in black and

30、white unemployment rates, and may also explain the difference between black and Latino jobless rates. Among young men, for instance, the near-20% Hispanic unemployment rate is much closer to that for whites (17%) than blacks (30%).What is clear is that the unemployment problem in black communities w

31、ill not end with the recession. The employment-to-population ratio among black adults is only just above 50%, and it is closer to a shocking 40% for young black men; for adult whites it is 59%. Black workers are also unemployed for about five weeks longer, on average, than the rest of the population

32、. Some 45% of unemployed blacks have been out of work for 27 weeks or longer, compared with just 36% of unemployed whites. That means continued loss of skills, and a longer and harder road back into the workforce.26 According to Paragraph 1, the macro-economy shows that racism _.（A）fails to disappea

33、r with time（B） caused the last recession（C） is more serious than before（D）leads to high unemployment rate27 It can be inferred that the blacks suffer from _.（A）a poor geographic position（B） a mild unemployment rate（C） female-dominated professions（D）a large prison population28 The weaker labor market

34、s in South Carolina and Michigan may result from _.（A）a shortage of explanation for racial gap（B） their relatively more black residents（C） the predominance of black population（D）long distances between neighborhoods29 We can learn from Paragraph 4 that the Latinos in America_.（A）have the highest unem

35、ployment rate（B） are more advantaged than the blacks（C） have an unemployment rate of near 20%（D）do not suffer from discrimination30 It can be learned from the last paragraph that the unemployed blacks _.（A）may feel relieved after the recession（B） are out of work for 27 weeks on average（C） often stay

36、 unemployed longer than the whites（D）lose their skills completely while waiting for jobs30 A new book by a former lawyer at Kirkland unlike other speculative bubbles in the past, lawyers will always be a necessity not a passing fashion. But then, The Very, Very Challenging Job Market for Lawyers doe

37、snt have the same ring to it.31 The book The Lawyer Bubble: A Profession in Crisis _.（A）has upset legal profession（B） is an exaggeration of the situation（C） has caused deeper concern（D）is a big blow to legal profession32 We may learn from Paragraph 2 that_.（A）the decline of legal profession is drive

38、n by economic recession（B） globalization has posed a tremendous impact on lawyers in America（C） many lawyers are unemployed with the introduction of legal software（D）the worsening of legal profession is the outcome of a bunch of factors33 It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that a degree in law has

39、_.（A）always been difficult to complete and obtain（B） enabled law graduates to secure decent jobs（C） actually hampered some graduates in the job market（D）overqualified students for their future jobs34 According to Steven J. Harper, _.（A）leaders in the legal profession are not to blame（B） the legal pr

40、ofession may burst like a bubble（C） there isnt any unfairness in the legal profession（D）lawyers are actually a passing fashion not a necessity35 The author thinks that Harpers argument in the book is _.（A）alarming yet exaggerating（B） disputable yet reasonable（C） controversial and doubtable（D）correct

41、 and reasonable35 Throughout the years, music has been a common thread that unites generations and had provided social commentary, individual expression, and a soundtrack for life. Music has evolved and changed as time has moved forward, and become, in some cases more of an art, and in other cases,

42、less than one.Today music has nearly universal appealthough there are more styles and types of music than ever before, there are also wider gaps in ever between groups who listen to certain types of music. This said, however there are still millions of Americans who consider themselves to have “glob

43、al musical tastes“ meaning that they listen to numerous genres of music on a regular basis instead of focusing their time and attention on only rap, country, or rock and roll.In Utah, as in most other parts of the country, there are many people who listen to a broad range of music: from Oldies to Em

44、o and from Blues to Hip Hop. These varying tastes in music are reflected by the concerts in Utah during any given year.Utahs concerts range from the biggest names in Hip Hop and Country music to Rock and Roll acts that you might have thought had been dissolved in the 80s. There seems to be just as m

45、uch excitement for a Cyndi Lauper or Pretenders reunion tour as for a tour from Snoop Dogg or The Foo Fighters. The sheer dynamism of Utah concert goersin age and musical taste makes Utah a “must stop“ for most any musical act.Utahs concert scene consists of many small venues such as bars and privat

46、e clubs that host touring acts year round, as well as a few large venues, both indoor and outdoor that host only the larger acts and are only open during certain times of the yearas dictated by sports team schedules and weather.The varying degrees of concert venues in Utah makes for an additional pl

47、us for great musical acts to stop in Utah. There are obviously some acts, while very well received in bars and small venues, that just would not be able to fill a 20,000 seat amphitheater. Thus, the various small venues are perfect for lesser known or up-and-coming rock and country acts that are not

48、 quite able to fill the bigger venues.All things considered, Utah has a lot going for it in terms of creating a solid environment for musical acts as well as fans of music from a myriad of genres. As the state continues to grow and become a more mainstream culture, concerts in Utah will continue to

49、be growing attractions.36 Compared with music in the past, music at present becomes more _.（A）sensuous（B） artistic（C） disputable（D）diverse37 The author tends to agree that the Americans _.（A）are restrained to rap, country and rock and roll（B） are restrained to the same genre of music（C） have developed global musical tastes（D）have developed their local music38 What has most probably happened to Pretend