NACE NO 6-1997 Surface Preparation of Concrete (Item No 21082 SSPC-SP 13).pdf

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1、 Item No. 21082 Joint Surface Preparation Standard NACE No. 6/SSPC-SP 13 Surface Preparation of Concrete This NACE International (NACE)/SSPC: The Society for Protective Coatings standard represents a consensus of those individual members who have reviewed this document, its scope, and provisions. It

2、 is intended to aid the manufacturer, the consumer, and the general public. Its acceptance does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has adopted the standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not addressed in this standard. Nothi

3、ng contained in this NACE/SSPC standard is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, to manufacture, sell, or use in connection with any method, apparatus, or product covered by Letters Patent, or as indemnifying or protecting anyone against liability for infringement of Le

4、tters Patent. This standard represents current technology and should in no way be interpreted as a restriction on the use of better procedures or materials. Neither is this standard intended to apply in all cases relating to the subject. Unpredictable circumstances may negate the usefulness of this

5、standard in specific instances. NACE and SSPC assume no responsibility for the interpretation or use of this standard by other parties and accept responsibility for only those official interpretations issued by NACE or SSPC in accordance with their governing procedures and policies which preclude th

6、e issuance of interpretations by individual volunteers. Users of this NACE/SSPC standard are responsible for reviewing appropriate health, safety, environmental, and regulatory documents and for determining their applicability in relation to this standard prior to its use. This NACE/SSPC standard ma

7、y not necessarily address all potential health and safety problems or environmental hazards associated with the use of materials, equipment, and/or operations detailed or referred to within this standard. Users of this NACE/SSPC standard are also responsible for establishing appropriate health, safe

8、ty, and environmental protection practices, in consultation with appropriate regulatory authorities if necessary, to achieve compliance with any existing applicable regulatory requirements prior to the use of this standard. CAUTIONARY NOTICE: NACE/SSPC standards are subject to periodic review, and m

9、ay be revised or withdrawn at any time without prior notice. The user is cautioned to obtain the latest edition. NACE and SSPC require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years from the date of initial publication. Reaffirmed 2003-03-17 Approved 199

10、7 ISBN 1-57590-045-9 2003, NACE International and SSPC: The Society for Protective Coatings NACE International 1440 South Creek Drive Houston, TX 77084-4906 (telephone +1 281/228-6200) SSPC: The Society for Protective Coatings 40 24th Street, Sixth Floor Pittsburgh, PA 15222 (telephone +1 412/281-23

11、31) Printed by NACE InternationalNACE No. 6/SSPC-SP 13 NACE International i _ Foreword This standard covers the preparation of concrete surfaces prior to the application of protective coating or lining systems. This standard should be used by specifiers, applicators, inspectors, and others who are r

12、esponsible for defining a standard degree of cleanliness, strength, profile, and dryness of prepared concrete surfaces. This standard was originally prepared in 1997 by NACE/SSPC Joint Task Group F on Surface Preparation of Concrete. It was reaffirmed in 2003 by NACE Specific Technology Group 04 on

13、Protective Coatings and LiningsSurface Preparation and SSPC Group Committee C.2 on Surface Preparation. This standard is issued by NACE International under the auspices of STG 04, and by SSPC Group Committee C.2. _ NACE No. 6/SSPC-SP 13 ii NACE International _ Joint Surface Preparation Standard NACE

14、 No. 6/SSPC-SP 13 Surface Preparation of Concrete Contents 1. General . 1 2. Definitions . 1 3. Inspection Procedures Prior to Surface Preparation 2 4. Surface Preparation 3 5. Inspection and Classification of Prepared Concrete Surfaces . 5 6. Acceptance Criteria. 6 7. Safety and Environmental Requi

15、rements . 6 References 6 Appendix A: Comments 8 Table 1: Suggested Acceptance Criteria for Concrete Surfaces After Surface Preparation . 6 Table A1: Typical Surface Properties of Finished Concrete. 9 Table A2: Surface Preparation Methods 14 _ NACE No. 6/SSPC-SP 13 NACE International 1 _ Section 1: G

16、eneral 1.1 This standard gives requirements for surface prepara-tion of concrete by mechanical, chemical, or thermal meth-ods prior to the application of bonded protective coating or lining systems. 1.2 The requirements of this standard are applicable to all types of cementitious surfaces including

17、cast-in-place con-crete floors and walls, precast slabs, masonry walls, and shotcrete surfaces. 1.3 An acceptable prepared concrete surface should be free of contaminants, laitance, loosely adhering concrete, and dust, and should provide a sound, uniform substrate suitable for the application of pro

18、tective coating or lining systems. 1.4 When required, a minimum concrete surface strength, maximum surface moisture content, and surface profile range should be specified in the procurement documents (project specifications). 1.5 The mandatory requirements of this standard are given in Sections 1 to

19、 7 as follows: Section 1: General Section 2: Definitions Section 3: Inspection Procedures Prior to Surface Preparation Section 4: Surface Preparation Section 5: Inspection and Classification of Prepared Concrete Surfaces Section 6: Acceptance Criteria Section 7: Safety and Environmental Requirements

20、 1.6 Appendix A does not contain mandatory requirements. _ Section 2: Definitions Coating: See Protective Coating or Lining System. Concrete: A material made from hydraulic cement and inert aggregates, such as sand and gravel, which is mixed with water to a workable consistency and placed by various

21、 methods to harden and gain strength. Curing (Concrete): Action taken to maintain moisture and temperature conditions in a freshly placed cementitious mix-ture to allow hydraulic cement hydration so that potential properties of the mixture may develop. Curing Compound (Membrane Curing Compound): A l

22、iquid that can be applied as a coating to the surface of newly placed concrete to retard the loss of water.1Efflorescence: A white crystalline or powdery deposit on the surface of concrete. Efflorescence results from leaching of lime or calcium hydroxide out of a permeable concrete mass over time by

23、 water, followed by reaction with carbon dioxide and acidic pollutants.2Fin: A narrow linear projection on a formed concrete sur-face, resulting from mortar flowing into spaces in the form work.1Finish: The texture of a surface after consolidating and fin-ishing operations have been performed.1Finis

24、hing: Leveling, smoothing, consolidating, and other-wise treating surfaces of fresh or recently placed concrete or mortar to produce desired appearance and service.1Hardener (Concrete): A chemical (including certain fluoro-silicates or sodium silicate) applied to concrete floors to reduce wear and d

25、usting.1 High-Pressure Water Cleaning (HP WC): Water cleaning performed at pressures from 34 to 70 MPa (5,000 to 10,000 psig).3High-Pressure Waterjetting (HP WJ): Waterjetting per-formed at pressures from 70 to 210 MPa (10,000 to 30,000 psig).3Honeycomb: Voids left in concrete due to failure of the

26、mortar to effectively fill the spaces among coarse aggregate particles.1Laitance: A thin, weak, brittle layer of cement and aggre-gate fines on a concrete surface. The amount of laitance is influenced by the type and amount of admixtures, the de-gree of working, and the amount of water in the concre

27、te.2Lining: See Protective Coating or Lining System. Placing: The deposition, distribution, and consolidation of freshly mixed concrete in the place where it is to harden.1Porosity: Small voids that allow fluids to penetrate an otherwise impervious material. Protective Coating or Lining System (Coat

28、ing): For the purposes of this standard, protective coating or lining sys-tems (also called protective barrier systems) are bonded thermoset, thermoplastic, inorganic, organic/inorganic hy-NACE No. 6/SSPC-SP 13 2 NACE International brids, or metallic materials applied in one or more layers by variou

29、s methods such as brush, roller, trowel, spray, and thermal spray. They are used to protect concrete from degradation by chemicals, abrasion, physical damage, and the subsequent loss of structural integrity. Other potential functions include containing chemicals, preventing staining of concrete, and

30、 preventing liquids from being contaminated by concrete. Release Agents (Form-Release Agents): Materials used to prevent bonding of concrete to a surface.1Sealer (Sealing Compound): A liquid that is applied as a coating to a concrete surface to prevent or decrease the penetration of liquid or gaseou

31、s media during exposure. Some curing compounds also function as sealers. Soundness: A qualitative measure of the suitability of the concrete to perform as a solid substrate or base for a coat-ing or patching material. Sound concrete substrates usually exhibit strength and cohesiveness without excess

32、ive voids or cracks. Spalling (Concrete): The development of spalls which are fragments, usually in the shape of a flake, detached from a larger mass by a blow, by the action of weather, by pres-sure, or by expansion within the larger mass.1Surface Porosity: Porosity or permeability at the concrete

33、surface that may absorb vapors, moisture, chemicals, and coating liquids. Surface Preparation: The method or combination of meth-ods used to clean a concrete surface, remove loose and weak materials and contaminants from the surface, repair the surface, and roughen the surface to promote adhesion of

34、 a protective coating or lining system. Surface Profile (Texture): Surface contour as viewed from edge. Surface Air Voids: Cavities visible on the surface of a solid. _ Section 3: Inspection Procedures Prior to Surface Preparation 3.1 Concrete shall be inspected prior to surface prepara-tion to dete

35、rmine the condition of the concrete and to deter-mine the appropriate method or combination of methods to be used for surface preparation to meet the requirements of the coating system to be applied. Inherent variations in sur-face conditions seen in walls and ceilings versus those in floors should

36、be considered when choosing surface prepar-ation methods and techniques. For example, walls and ceil-ings are much more likely than floors to contain surface air voids, fins, form-release agents, and honeycombs. 3.2 Visual Inspection All concrete surfaces to be prepared and coated shall be visually

37、inspected for signs of concrete defects, physical damage, chemical damage, contamination, and excess moisture. 3.3 Concrete Cure All concrete should be cured using the procedures de-scribed in ACI(1)308.4Curing requirements include main-taining sufficient moisture and temperatures for a minimum time

38、 period. Surface preparation performed on insufficiently cured or low-strength concrete may create an excessively coarse surface profile or remove an excessive amount of concrete. 3.4 Concrete Defects Concrete defects such as honeycombs and spalling shall be repaired. The procedures described in NAC

39、E Standard RP0390,5ICRI(2)03730,6or ACI 3017may be used to en-sure that the concrete surface is sound prior to surface preparation. 3.5 Physical Damage 3.5.1 Concrete should be tested for soundness by the qualitative methods described in NACE Publication 6G1918or Paragraph A1.4.3. 3.5.2 When qualita

40、tive results are indeterminate, or when a quantitative result is specified, concrete shall be tested for surface tensile strength using the meth-ods described in Paragraph A1.6. 3.5.3 Concrete that has been damaged because of physical forces such as impact, abrasion, or corrosion of reinforcement sh

41、all be repaired prior to surface prep-aration if the damage would affect coating perform-ance. Repairs should be made in accordance with ACI 301,7NACE Standard RP0390,5or Paragraph A1.4. 3.6 Chemical Damage 3.6.1 Concrete is attacked by a variety of chemicals, as detailed in ACI 515.1R9and PCA(3)IS0

42、01.10_ (1)American Concrete Institute International (ACI), 38800 International Way, Country Club Drive, Farmington Hills, MI 48331. (2)International Concrete Repair Institute (ICRI), 3166 S. River Road, Suite 132, Des Plaines, IL 60018. (3)Portland Cement Association (PCA), 5420 Old Orchard Rd., Sko

43、kie, IL 60077. NACE No. 6/SSPC-SP 13 NACE International 3 3.6.2 All concrete surfaces that have been exposed to chemicals shall be tested and treated for contamination as described in Paragraph 3.7. 3.6.3 Concrete that has been exposed to chemicals shall be tested for soundness by the qualitative me

44、th-ods described in NACE Publication 6G1918or Para-graph A1.4.3. 3.7 Contamination 3.7.1 Contamination on concrete surfaces includes all materials that may affect the adhesion and perform-ance of the coating to be applied. Examples include, but are not limited to, dirt, oil, grease, chemicals, and e

45、xisting incompatible coatings. 3.7.2 Contamination may be detected by methods de-scribed in NACE Publication 6G1918and Paragraph A1.5. These methods include, but are not limited to, visual examination, water drop (contact angle) meas-urement, pH testing, petrographic examination, and various instrum

46、ental analytical methods. Core samp-ling may be required to determine the depth to which the contaminant has penetrated the concrete. 3.7.3 Concrete surfaces that are contaminated or that have existing coatings shall be tested by the method described in Paragraph A1.6.3 to determine whether the cont

47、amination or existing coating affects the ad-hesion and performance of the coating to be applied. Concrete surfaces that have existing coatings shall also be tested by the method described in Paragraph A1.6.3 to determine whether the existing coating is sufficiently bonded to the concrete. 3.7.4 In extreme cases of concrete damage or degra-dation, or thorough penetration by contaminants, com-plete removal and replacement of the concrete may be required. 3.8 Moisture Moisture levels in the concrete may be determined by the methods described in Paragraph 5.6. _ Section 4: Surface Preparatio