ICAO 9371-1986 Template Manual for Holding Reversal and Racetrack Procedures Second Edition《保持、反向和直角航线程序的模板手册 第2版》.pdf

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1、ICAO 9371 *t W 4841416 0022410 74q m Dot 9371-AN/912/2 Template Manual for Holding, Reversal and Racetrack Procedures SECOND EDITION - 1986 Approved by rhe Secremy General und published under his uulhorily INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization

2、Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-ICAO 7373 *ca W 484l,43b 00224lL 680 = Published in separate English, French, Russian and Spanish editions by the International Civil Aviation Organization. All correspondence, exc

3、ept orders and subscriptions, should be addressed to the Secretary General. Orders for this publication should be sent to one of the following addresses, together with the appropriate remittance by bank daft or post office money order) in U.S. dollars or the currency of the country in which the orde

4、r is placed. Document Sales Unit International Civil Aviation Organization 1000 Sherbrooke Street West, Suite 400 Montreal, Quebec Canada H3A 2R2 Argentina. El Ateneo, Pedro Garcia S.A.L.E. e I., Dpto. Compras - Importation, Patagones 2463, 1282 Buenos Aires. Egypt. ICAO Representative, Middle East

5、and Eastern African Office, 16 Hassan Sabri, Zamalek, Cairo. France. Representant de IOACI, Bureau Europe, 3 bis, villa Emile-Bergerat, 92522 Neuilly-sur-Seine (Cedex). India. Oxford Book and Stationery Co., Scindia House, New Delhi or 17 Park Street, Calcutta. Japan. Japan Civil Aviation Promotion

6、Foundation, 15-12, I-chome, Toranomon, Minato-Ku, Tokyo. Kenya. ICAO Representative, Easiern African Office, United Nations Accommodation, P.O. Box 46294 Nairobi. Mexico. Representante de la OACI, Oficina Norteamerica y Caribe, Apartado postal S-377, C.P. 11590, Mexico 5, D.F. Peru. Representante de

7、 la OACI, Oficina Sudamerica, Apartado 4127, Lima 100. Senegal. Representant de IOACI, Bureau Afrique, Boite postale 2356, Dakar. Spain. Libreria de Aeronautica y Astronautica Sumaas, Desengatio, 12-3O-3, Madrid 13. Thai/and. ICAO Representative, Asia and Pacific Office, P.O. Box 614, Bangkok. Unite

8、d Kingdom. Civil Aviation Authority, Printing and Publications Services, Greville House, 37 Gratton Road, Cheltenham, Glos., GL50 2BN. Do you receive the ICAO BULLETIN? The ICAO Bulletin contains a concise account of the activities of the Organization as well as articles of interest to the aeronauti

9、cal world. The Bulletin will also keep you up to date on the latest ICAO publications, their contents, amendments, supplements, corrigenda and prices. Available in three separate editions: English, French and Spanish. Annual subscription: U.S.$15.00 (surface mail); U.S.$20.00 (air mail). Copyright I

10、nternational Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-ICAO 9373 * - 484L4Lb 0022Yl12 5L7 m Template Manual for Holding, Reversal and Racetrack Procedures (Dot 9371-AN/912) SECOND EDITION - 1986

11、 Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-AMENDMENTS The issue of amendments is announced in the ICAO Bulletin and in the monthly supplements to the Catalogue of ICAO Pu

12、blications, which holders of this publication should consult. These amendments are available free upon request. No. Date Entered by Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IH

13、S-,-ICAO 9371 * m 48414Lb 00224114 39T m FOREWORD e The purpose of this manual is to facilitate the construction of instrument flight procedures by providing a set of pre-calculated templates to draw the protection areas for racetrack, reversal (base turns and procedure turns) and holding procedures

14、. These procedures and the area construction methods are described in Procedures for Air Navigation Services - Operations (PANS-OPS) (Dot 8168, Volume II, Third Edition), Part III - Chapter 4, Part IV and Attachment III-C. Part III, 4.6.2, of the above document lists the basic parameters that are us

15、ed to construct areas for racetrack and reversal procedures. Part IV lists the basic parameters for holding procedures. Attachment III-C describes the detailed process of necessary calculations and the drawings both for reversal procedures and for racetrack or holding. The first step in the area con

16、struction process is to construct the template and the second is to use the template in several ways to obtain the complete area, which includes both the basic and entry areas in a procedure called Template Tracing Technique (TTT). The templates referred to in the first step above are contained in t

17、his manual and cover most cases the procedures designer is likely to encounter. Use of a template from this manual permits the designer to go directly to the second step of the process and develop the protection areas with only a few calculations. The detailed information concerning the selection of

18、 the proper template and how to use it, is contained in Chapter 1 “General” of this manual. The templates contained in this manual have been drawn by a computer- driven plotter system. The system provides the capability to develop additional templates to the conditions specified by the user (i.e. wi

19、nd speed, altitude, aircraft speed, outbound time and scale). Additional information concerning this computer-driven plotting system and the associated computer programme may be obtained by addressing inquiries to: International Civil Aviation Organization Attention: Chief, OPS/AIR Section 1000 Sher

20、brooke Street West Suite 400 Montreal, Quebec Canada H3A 2R2 Cable: ICAO MONTREAL Telex: 05-24513 Tel: (514) 285-8155 Any error found in this manual should be reported, without delay, to the above address. Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot

21、 for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Chapter 1 - General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-l 1 .I Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

22、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-l 1.1.1 Identification data l-l 1.1.2 Speeds . l-l 1.1.3 Altitudes l-l 1.1.4 Template components l-2 1.1.5 Scale l-2 1.2 Template Selection . l-2 1.3 Drawing the Complete Area l-2 Chapter 2 - Racetrack Templates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

23、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 2.1 Template Description . 2-l 2.2 Use of the Templates . 2-l 2.3 List of Templates 2-2 Chapter 3 - Base Turn Templates 3-1 3.1 Template Description . 3-l 3.2 Use of the Templates . 3-l 3.3 List of Templates 3-2 Chapter 4 - Procedure Turn Templates . 4-l 4.1 T

24、emplate Description . 4-l 4.2 Use of the Templates . 4-l 4.3 List of Templates 4-l Chapter 5 - Holding Templates 5-l 5.1 Template Description . 5-l 5.2 Use of the Templates . 5-l 5.3 List of Templates 5-2 Racetrack Templates RT 1 - RT 16 Base Turn Templates BT 1 - BT 65 Procedure Turn Templates . PT

25、 1 - PT 27 Holding Templates HI - H 40 Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-CHAPTER 1 GENERAL 1.1 - DESCRIPTION 1.1.1 Identification data Necessary identification da

26、ta are listed on the upper left corner of each drawing. In some cases two templates for two altitudes appear on the same sheet. How to select a template or derive a new one using those in the manual is explained below. 1.1.2 Speeds The speed considered for the procedure is an indicated airspeed (IAS

27、) and appears both in km/h and in kt. a) Racetrack or reversal procedures: The set of templates covers all aircraft categories, according to PANS-OPS, Volume II, Part III, Table 1.1 as follows: Procedure intended for: Speed Cat A and B only 260 km/h (140 kt) Cat A, B, C restricted*, D restricted* 34

28、5 km/h (185 kt) and 410 km/h (220 kt) Cat A, B, C, D 465 km/h (250 kt) *Note.- For speed restriction see 1.9.3 (PANS- PS, Volume II, Part III. Additionally, a curve or a template is produced for the minimum speed of Category A aircraft, 165 km/h (90 kt) for the base turn and the procedure turn. b) H

29、olding procedures: Speeds for holding are specified in PANS-OPS, Volume II, Part IV. 1.1.3 Altitudes The altitude (measured from the mean sea level) is indicated on the template in metres and feet. Reversal and racetrack procedures templates are provided for the following altitudes: 900 m (3 000 ft)

30、 1 850 m (6 000 ft) 2 450 m (8 000 ft) 3 050 m (IO 000 ft) l-l t Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-ICAO 9371 tt M 4BYZLYlib OOi?241? OT9 - l-2 1.1.4 Template Manu

31、al for Holding, Reversal and Racetrack Procedures Template components a) A template for racetrack and reversal procedures will consist of a primary area boundary and a secondary area boundary, 4.6 km (2.5 NM) from the primary area boundary: also the nominal track is shown to scale. Furthermore: - th

32、e nominal track is shown in solid line, - the primary area boundary is the inner dotted line, and - the secondary area boundary is the outer dotted line (lighter 1. b) A template for holding procedures will consist of the nominal track and the basic area boundary. The buffer area boundary (9.3 km/5.

33、0 NM from the basic area) is not shown. 1.1.5 Scale The scale appears on each template: the scales used are l/250 000 and l/500 000 depending on the case. A conversion line between kilometres and nautical miles is drawn to scale in the lower part of a sheet showing one template, and in the middle of

34、 a sheet showing two templates. 1.2 - TEMPLATE SELECTION 1.2.1 To construct the protection area for a given procedure, the tempIate drawn for the procedure altitude should be used. If such a template does not exist one possibility is to use the template drawn for the nearest altitude above the proce

35、dure altitude , 1.2.2 Another possibility is to work out a linear interpolation based on two templates nearest to the procedure altitude. 1.2.3 A third method is to construct the template manually in accordance with the instructions given in Attachment III-C to PANS-OPS, Volume II. New templates may

36、 be drawn also by the computer/plotter system as explained in the Foreword. 1.3 - DRAWING THE COMPLETE AREA Instructions on how to derive the complete protection area for a procedure are contained in PANS-OPS, Volume II, Attachment III-C and are not repeated. For the procedure turn, a more detailed

37、method is described in Chapter 4 of this manual. e . Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-ICAO 9373 * H 484L4Lb 002241! T35 m CHAPTER 2 / RACETRACK TEMPLATES 2.1 - T

38、EMPLATE DESCRIPTION 2.1.1 The racetrack template shows a combination of five individual templates for one particular speed, one altitude, and the five possible outbound times from 1 to 3 minutes, with half minute increments. It allows the procedure designer to have a better picture of the relative a

39、irspace required for each time, and to select the convenient time more easily. 2.1.2 The racetrack template is composed of: - the nominal point of the procedure and the nominal track for 1 minute outbound time; Note l.- In order not to overload the picture, only one nominal track has been drawn, for

40、 one minute, and a small gap in the drawing at the end of the outbound leg reminds the user that the nominal track corresponding to a time greater than one minute has to be adjusted. - the primary area boundaries for various outbound times; - the entry curve (common to all 5 cases; - the symmetrical

41、 of the entry curve, used for the protection of the entry into VOR/DME racetrack procedures; - line “3“ for various outbound times; - secondary area boundaries, partly around the 1 minute procedure and partly around the 3 minute procedure; and - point E. Note 2.- Only one point E is drawn because, a

42、lthough the location of point E varies with the outbound time, it does by less than 0.04 NM which, at the scale of l/250 000, represents 0.3 mm, the thickness of the pen used in the drawing. In addition, the fix tolerance area for a procedure overhead a VOR or NDB is shown to scale for the correspon

43、ding altitude (see Figures 2-l to 2-6 for detailed explanations of the template and of the combination process from five individual templates). 2.2 - USE OF THE TEMPLATES See PANS-OPS, Volume II, Attachment III-C. e 2-l Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under licens

44、e with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-ICAO 937l1 *t M 484l,4Sb OOi324L9 97L - 2-2 Template Manual for Holding, Reversal and Racetrack Procedures 2.3 - LIST OF TEMPLATES The templates for racetrack are listed in the table below and are located at

45、RT 1 to RT 16 of this manual. Template scale is l/250 000. LIST OF RACETRACK TEMPLATES Altitude 1 850 2 450 3 050 (6 000) (8 000) (10 000) 260 (140) RT 1 RT 2 RT 3 345 (185) RT 5 RT 6 RT 7 405 (220) RT 9 RT 10 RT 11 465 (250) RT 13 RT 14 RT 15 RT 4 RT 8 RT 12 RT16 Copyright International Civil Aviat

46、ion Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-ChaDter 2 - Racetrack TemDlateS 2-1 / I I /- / / / /- -_ / -. / / / / /I /I I / / Figure 2-l. Example of an individual template for 345 km/h (185 kt), 2 450 m (8 0

47、00 ft) and 1 min, which has been combined in the racetrack template shown in Figure 2-6. Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-ICAO 737l, t* - 484LLi%b 0022Lti?L 52T

48、m 2-4 Template Manual for Holding, Reversal and Racetrack Procedures - Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-ICAO 9373 * - 4843436 0022Y22 lb6 - Chapter 2 - Racetrack Templates 2-5 Figure 2-3. Example of an individual template for 345 Ktl , 2 450 m (8 000 ft) and 2 min, which has been combined in the racetrack template shown in Figure 2-6. Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with I