EN 61462-2007 en Composite hollow insulators - Pressurized and unpressurized insulators for use in electrical equipment with rated voltage greater than 1 000 V - Definitions test m.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 61462:2007Composite hollow insulators Pressurized and unpressurized insulators for use in electrical equipment with rated voltage greater than 1 000 V Definitions, test methods, acceptance criteria and design recommendationsThe European Standard EN 61462:2007 has the status of

2、a British StandardICS 29.080.10g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN 61462:2007This British Standard was published under the authori

3、ty of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2007 BSI 2007ISBN 978 0 580 58085 7National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 61462:2007. It is identical to IEC 61462:2007.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PEL/36,

4、 Insulators for power systems.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.The attention of users is drawn to the flammability test in subclause 7.3.4 of BS EN 61462:2006, which references BS EN 62217:2005, and is used as an indicator of power arc

5、 ignition and extinction performance. The UK Committee is of the opinion that work carried out before and after BS EN 62217:2005 was published shows that the flammability test is not suitable for assessing the power arc performance of insulators. The correlation between performance in different flam

6、mability tests, laboratory power arc tests and behaviour in service is currently under investigation by the International Council on Large Electric Systems study committee on Materials and Emerging Technologies (CIGRE SC D1). When applying this standard, users are recommended to consult the power ar

7、c tests in ANSI C29.18 or IEC 99-4 surge arrestor specifications in addition to the test in 7.3.4. The ANSI test also usefully includes an end fitting seal test after power arc damage.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for i

8、ts correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARD EN 61462 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM October 2007 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Com

9、it Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels 2007 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 61462:2007 E ICS 29.080.

10、10 English version Composite hollow insulators - Pressurized and unpressurized insulators for use in electrical equipment with rated voltage greater than 1 000 V - Definitions, test methods, acceptance criteria and design recommendations (IEC 61462:2007) Isolateurs composites creux - Isolateurs avec

11、 ou sans pression interne pour utilisation dans des appareillages lectriques de tensions nominales suprieures 1 000 V - Dfinitions, mthodes dessais, critres dacceptation et recommandations de conception (CEI 61462:2007) Verbundhohlisolatoren - Druckbeanspruchte und drucklose Isolatoren fr den Einsat

12、z in elektrischen Betriebsmitteln mit Bemessungsspannungen ber 1 000 V - Begriffe, Prfverfahren, Annahmekriterien und Konstruktionsempfehlungen (IEC 61462:2007) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2007-10-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations

13、 which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This Euro

14、pean Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are

15、the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spai

16、n, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Foreword The text of document 36C/167/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 61462, prepared by SC 36C, Insulators for substations, of IEC TC 36, Insulators, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 61462 on 2007-10-01. Th

17、e following dates were fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2008-07-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2010-10-01 Annex ZA has

18、 been added by CENELEC. _ Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 61462:2007 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. _ 2 EN 61462:2007CONTENTS INTRODUCTION.5 1 Scope and object6 2 Normative references .7 3 Terms and definitions .7 4 Relationship

19、s of mechanical loads11 4.1 Loads from outside the insulator11 4.2 Pressures11 5 Marking 11 6 Classification of tests11 6.1 Design tests 11 6.2 Type tests .12 6.3 Sample tests .13 6.4 Routine tests .13 7 Design tests .13 7.1 General .13 7.2 Tests on interfaces and connections of end fittings13 7.3 T

20、ests on shed and housing material 15 7.4 Tests on the tube material .16 8 Type tests (only mechanical tests)16 8.1 General .16 8.2 Test specimens .17 8.3 Preparation of the test specimen .17 8.4 Internal pressure test.18 8.5 Bending test 18 9 Sample tests 20 9.1 Selection and number of insulators20

21、9.2 Testing 20 9.3 Verification of dimensions20 9.4 Mechanical tests21 9.5 Galvanizing test.21 9.6 Check of the interface between end fittings and the housing22 9.7 Re-test procedure22 10 Routine tests 2310.1 General .23 10.2 Visual examination 23 10.3 Routine pressure test 23 10.4 Routine mechanica

22、l test 23 10.5 Routine tightness test24 11 Documentation .24 3 EN 61462:2007Annex A (normative) Tolerances of form and position 29 Annex B (informative) General recommendations for design and construction32 Annex C (informative) Principles of damage limit and use of reversible and irreversible strai

23、n caused by internal pressure and/or bending loads on composite hollow insulator tubes 37 Bibliography40 Figure 1 Thermal mechanical pre-stressing test Typical cycles .25 Figure 2 Thermal mechanical pre-stressing test Typical test arrangement.26 Figure 3 Test arrangement for the leakage rate test.27

24、 Figure 4 Examples of sealing systems for composite hollow insulators.28 Figure A.1 Parallelism, coaxiality and concentricity 29 Figure A.2 Angular deviation of fixing holes: Example 1 .30 Figure A.3 Angular deviation of fixing holes: Example 2 .30 Figure A.4 Tolerances according to standard drawing

25、 practice.31 Figure B.1 Relationship of bending loads .36 Figure B.2 Relationship of pressures36 Figure C.1 Position of strain gauges for pressure load and bending load .38 Figure C.2 Strain/time curve, reversible elastic phase39 Figure C.3 Strain/time curve, irreversible plastic phase, damage limit

26、 39 Table 1 Mechanical loads applied to the insulator 11 Table 2 Pressures applied to the insulator .11 Table 3 Tests to be carried out after design changes .12 Table 4 Sample sizes.20 Table 5 Choice of re-test procedure .22 Table B.1 Loads/stress and classification of tests 34 Table B.2 Example of

27、pressure/bending values Practical relationship of the values.35 4 EN 61462:2007Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications 41 INTRODUCTION Composite hollow insulators consist of an insulating tube bearing the mechanical load

28、protected by an elastomeric housing, the loads being transmitted to the tube by metal fittings. Despite these common features, the materials used and the construction details employed by different manufacturers may vary. Some tests have been grouped together as “Design tests“ to be performed only on

29、ce for insulators of the same design and material. The design tests are performed in order to eliminate designs and materials not suitable for high-voltage applications. The relevant design tests defined in IEC 62217 are applied for composite hollow insulators; additional specific mechanical tests a

30、re given in this standard. The influence of time on the electrical and mechanical properties of the complete composite hollow insulator and its components (tube material, housing material, interfaces, etc.) has been considered in specifying the design tests in order to ensure a satisfactory lifetime

31、 under normal service conditions. These conditions may also depend on the equipment inside or outside the composite hollow insulators; however, this matter has not been covered in this standard. Test methods not specified in this standard may be considered for specific combinations of materials and

32、specific applications, and are a matter of agreement between manufacturers and users. In this standard, the term “user” in general means the equipment manufacturer using composite hollow insulators. The practical use of composite hollow insulators covers both a.c. and d.c. applications. In spite of

33、this fact a specific tracking and erosion test procedure for d.c. applications as a design test has not yet been defined and accepted. The 1 000 h a.c. tracking and erosion test of IEC 62217 is used to establish a minimum requirement for the tracking resistance of the housing material. This standard

34、 distinguishes between design tests and type tests because several general characteristics of a specific design and specific combinations of materials do not vary for different insulator types. In these cases results from design tests can be adopted for different insulator types. Pollution tests acc

35、ording to IEC 60507 are not included in this standard as they are generally not applicable. Such pollution tests performed on insulators made of non-ceramic materials do not correlate with experience obtained from service. Specific pollution tests for non-ceramic insulators are under consideration.

36、The mechanical characteristics of composite hollow insulators are quite different compared to those of hollow insulators made of ceramics. In order to determine the onset of mechanical deterioration of composite hollow insulators under the influence of mechanical stress, strain gauge measurements ar

37、e used. This standard refers to different characteristic pressures which are used for design and testing of composite hollow insulators. The term “maximum service pressure“ (MSP) is equivalent to the term “design pressure“ which is used in other standards for ceramic hollow insulators; however, this

38、 latter term is not used in this standard in order to avoid confusion with “design“ as used in “design tests“. General recommendations for the design and construction of composite hollow insulators are presented in Annex B. 5 EN 61462:2007COMPOSITE HOLLOW INSULATORS PRESSURIZED AND UNPRESSURIZED INS

39、ULATORS FOR USE IN ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT WITH RATED VOLTAGE GREATER THAN 1 000 V DEFINITIONS, TEST METHODS, ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA AND DESIGN RECOMMENDATIONS 1 Scope and object This International Standard applies to composite hollow insulators consisting of a load-bearing insulating tube made of resin i

40、mpregnated fibres, a housing (outside the insulating tube) made of elastomeric material (for example silicone or ethylene-propylene) and metal fixing devices at the ends of the insulating tube. Composite hollow insulators as defined in this standard are intended for general use (unpressurized) or fo

41、r use with a permanent gas pressure (pressurized). They are intended for use in both outdoor and indoor electrical equipment operating on alternating current with a rated voltage greater than 1 000 V and a frequency not greater than 100 Hz or for use in direct current equipment with a rated voltage

42、greater than 1 500 V. The object of this standard is: to define the terms used; to prescribe test methods; to prescribe acceptance criteria. This standard does not prescribe impulse voltage or power frequency voltage type tests, nor does it prescribe pollution tests because the withstand voltages ar

43、e not characteristics of the hollow insulator itself, but of the apparatus of which it ultimately forms a part. All the tests in this standard, apart from the thermal-mechanical test, are performed at normal ambient temperature. This standard does not prescribe tests that may be characteristic of th

44、e apparatus of which the hollow insulator ultimately forms a part. Further technical input is required in this area. NOTE 1 “Pressurized“ means a permanent gas or liquid pressure greater than 0,05 MPa (0,5 bar) gauge. The gas can be dry air or inert gases, for example sulphur hexafluoride, nitrogen,

45、 or a mixture of such gases. NOTE 2 “Unpressurized“ means a gas or liquid pressure smaller than or equal to 0,05 MPa (0,5 bar) gauge. NOTE 3 Composite hollow insulators are intended for use in electrical equipment, such as, but not limited to circuit-breakers, switch-disconnectors, disconnectors, ea

46、rthing switches, instrument- and power transformers, bushings. Additional testing defined by the relevant IEC equipment committee may be required. 6 EN 61462:20072 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, on

47、ly the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60060-1: High-voltage test techniques Part 1: General definitions and test requirements IEC 60068-2-17: Basic environmental testing procedures Part 2: Tests Tes

48、t Q: Sealing IEC 60168: Tests on indoor and outdoor post insulators of ceramic material or glass for systems with nominal voltages greater than 1 000 V IEC 62155: Hollow pressurized and unpressurized ceramic and glass insulators for use in electrical equipment with rated voltages greater than 1 000

49、V IEC 62217: Polymeric insulators for indoor and outdoor use with a nominal voltage 1 000 V- General definitions, test methods and acceptance criteria ISO 1101: Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) Geometrical tolerancing Tolerancing of form, orientation, location and run out ISO 3452: Non-destructive testing Penetrant inspection General principles 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.