EN 13979-1-2003 en Railway applications - Wheelsets and bogies - Monobloc wheels - Technical approval procedure - Part 1 Forged and rolled wheels (Incorporates Amendment A2 2011)《轨.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 13979-1:2003Railway applications Wheelsets and bogies Monobloc wheels Technical approval procedure Part 1: Forged and rolled wheelsICS 45.040g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48

2、g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58+A2:2011 BS EN 13979-1:2003This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 9 January 2004 BSI 2011National forewordThe UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technic

3、al Committee RAE/3, Railway rolling stock material, to Subcommittee RAE/3/-/1, Wheels and wheelsets.A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are

4、responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.+A2:2011 This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13979-1:2003+A2:2011. It supersedes BS EN 13979-1:2003+A1:2009 The start and finish of text introduced or altered by

5、amendment is indicated in the text by tags. Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number ofindicated by .abBS EN standards for railway products and systems endeavour to provide the user with a means of demonstrating compliance with the Essential Requirements of the Railway Interoperability D

6、irectives and the associated Technical Specifications of Interoperability (TSI). Since both TSIs and BS EN standards are revised periodically by independent organizations, the content of an EN does not always reflect the latest revision of a TSI.In this BS EN, the interoperability requirements for w

7、heel thermo-mechanical bench testing given in Annex F reflect the Freight Wagon TSI and the International Union of Railways (UIC) requirements that are based on operation on the Gotthard route in Europe. In some cases these requirements would not apply to vehicles that do not work beyond UK domestic

8、 routes. In this context the following wording should be considered when applying the standard: For specific types of freight traffic, the values for power and/or application time and/or running speed and/or axle loads and/or wheel diameters can be modified to check on the thermo-mechanical behaviou

9、r of these wheels in the context of a limited utilisation. This statement comes from the intermediate revision of the TSI, which post-dated this standard.Date Comments Implementation of CEN amendment A1:2009ISBN 978 0 580 71983 7Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication the CEN amendment. For e

10、xample, tags altered by CEN amendment A1 is 30 June 2009 wjhich is withdrawn. 30 June 2011 Implementation of CEN amendment A2:2011EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13979-1:2003+A2 March 2011 ICS 45.040; 45.060.01 Supersedes EN 13979-1:2003+A1:2009 English Version Railway applicati

11、ons - Wheelsets and bogies - Monobloc wheels - Technical approval procedure - Part 1: Forged and rolled wheels Applications ferroviaires - Essieux monts et bogies - Roues monobloc - Procdure dhomologation technique - Partie 1: Roues forges et lamines Bahnanwendungen - Radstze und Drehgestelle - Voll

12、rder - Technische Zulassungsverfahren - Teil 1: Geschmiedete und gewalzte Rder This European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 November 2003 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 24 February 2009 and Amendment 2 approved by CEN on 24 January 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/C

13、ENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centr

14、e or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the

15、official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,

16、 Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worl

17、dwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13979-1:2003+A2:2011: EEN 13979-1:2003+A2:2011 (E) 2 Contents Page 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Parameters for the definition of the application covered 6 3.1 Parameters for geometrical interchangeability 6 3.1.1 Functional requirements .6 3.1.2 As

18、sembly requirements 7 3.1.3 Maintenance requirements .7 3.2 Parameters for thermomechanical assessment .7 3.3 Parameters for mechanical assessment .7 3.4 Parameters for acoustic assessment 8 4 Description of the wheel to be approved 8 5 Assessment of the geometrical interchangeability 8 6 Assessment

19、 of the thermomechanical behaviour 8 6.1 General procedure .8 6.2 First stage Braking bench test 9 6.2.1 Test procedure .9 6.2.2 Decision criteria .9 6.3 Second stage Wheel fracture bench test 10 6.3.1 General . 10 6.3.2 Test procedure 10 6.3.3 Decision criterion 10 6.4 Third stage Field braking tes

20、t . 10 6.4.1 General . 10 6.4.2 Test procedure 10 6.4.3 Decision criteria 10 7 Assessment of the mechanical behaviour . 11 7.1 General procedure 11 7.2 First stage - Calculation . 11 7.2.1 Applied forces . 11 7.2.2 Calculation procedure 12 7.2.3 Decision criteria 13 7.3 Second stage Bench test 13 7.

21、3.1 General . 13 7.3.2 Definition of bench loading and of the test procedure . 13 7.3.3 Decision criteria 13 8 Assessment of the acoustical behaviour . 13 8.1 General procedure 13 8.2 Calculation procedure 14 8.3 Field measurements . 14 8.4 Decision criteria 14 9 Technical approval documents . 15 An

22、nex A (normative) Assessment of the thermomechanical behaviour 17 A.1 Assessment organigram 17 A.2 Braking bench test procedure . 18 A.2.1 Principle of the test. 18 A.2.2 Definition of braking . 18 A.2.3 Method of measuring the decision criteria 18 BS EN 13979-1:2003+A2:2011EN 13979-1:2003+A2:2011 (

23、E) 3 A.2.4 Tests and measurements . 20 A.2.5 Anomalies. 21 A.3 Wheel fracture bench test procedure 21 A.3.1 Principle of the test . 21 A.3.2 Definition of drag braking . 21 A.3.3 Pre-cracking of the rim . 22 A.3.4 Special measurement methods required for this test . 22 A.3.5 Tests and measurements .

24、 22 A.3.6 Anomalies. 23 A.4 Field braking test procedure 23 A.4.1 Principle of the test . 23 A.4.2 Definition of braking 23 A.4.3 Method of measurement of the decision criteria . 24 A.4.4 Standard test run . 24 A.4.5 Tests and measurements . 25 A.4.6 Anomalies. 26 Annex B (normative) Organigram of t

25、he mechanical behaviour assessment 27 Annex C (informative) Mechanical behaviour Finite element code assessment . 28 Annex D (informative) Mechanical behaviour Bench loading and test procedure 29 D.1 Principle of bench loading and test procedure 29 D.2 Definition of loading 29 D.2.1 General . 29 D.2

26、.2 Measurement of the stresses during field tests . 30 D.3 Fatigue bench test . 30 D.3.1 Method 1 Random fatigue test 30 D.3.2 Method 2 Single-stage fatigue test . 31 Annex E (informative) Assessment of the acoustical behaviour . 34 E.1 Assessment organigram. 34 E.2 Calculation procedure . 35 E.2.1

27、Preliminary comment 35 E.2.2 Calculation of the wheel modal basis . 35 E.2.3 Selection of the reference track model . 35 E.2.4 Definition of the calculation parameters . 35 E.2.5 Power calculation 35 E.2.6 Insertion 36 E.2.7 Calculations of the decision criteria for acoustical technical approval of

28、the wheel 37 E.2.8 Optional calculations 37 E.3 Field measurement procedure . 37 E.3.1 Objective and preliminary remark . 37 E.3.2 Recommendations for the operating conditions . 38 E.3.3 Measurement procedure . 41 E.3.4 Analysis of results . 43 Annex F (informative) !Drag braking values for interope

29、rability“ 46 #Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential requirements of Directive 2008/57/EC$ 47 Bibliography 50 BS EN 13979-1:2003+A2:2011EN 13979-1:2003+A2:2011 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 13979-1:2003+A1:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committe

30、e CEN/TC 256 Railway applications, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by 30 September 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn

31、 at the latest by 30 September 2011. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2009-02-24. This document supersedes EN 13979-1:2003. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !“. Annexes A and B are normative. !Annexes C, D, E and F

32、 are informative.“ This document contains a bibliography. This European Standard is part of a series of two EN 13979 standards, Part 2 of which is: !Part 2: Cast wheels.“ #This document has been created under a mandate granted to CEN/CENELEC/ETSI by the European Commission and the European Free Trad

33、e Association and supports the essential requirements of Directive 2008/57/EC.$ #For the relationship with Directive 2008/57/EC, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.$ BS EN 13979-1:2003+A2:2011EN 13979-1:2003+A2:2011 (E) 5 Introduction To date, UIC regulations specif

34、ied that for a wheel to be used in Europe: its design had to be standardized; it had to conform to the quality requirements of UIC leaflet 812-3. In order to be able to adapt to new railway working conditions, on the one hand, and to facilitate the introduction of new technical solutions, on the oth

35、er, it has been necessary to replace the concept of standardization with the definition of specifications that a wheel design shall meet to be accepted on a European network. The standard covers these specifications and describes precisely how to assess the wheel design. To be able to apply these sp

36、ecifications, it is essential to define the use of the wheel; this standard also states how to define this use. At least four aspects are described with different purposes: a geometrical aspect: to allow interchangeability of different solutions for the same application; a thermomechanical aspect: t

37、o manage wheel deformations and to ensure that braking will not cause wheels to break; a mechanical aspect: to ensure that no fatigue cracks occur in the web; an acoustical aspect: to ensure that the solution chosen is as good as the reference wheel, for the use in question. For each of these three

38、latter aspects, the rules proposed tend to limit the procedure, the easier the objectives are to attain by the wheel under study. This standard does not cover assessment of the hub nor of the static mechanical dimensioning of the wheel. BS EN 13979-1:2003+A2:2011EN 13979-1:2003+A2:2011 (E) 6 1 Scope

39、 The aim of this European Standard is to define the requirements that a monobloc wheel of a freight of passenger railway vehicle non-powered axle shall meet in order to be able to be used on a European network. For wheels of powered axles or wheels with noise dampers, the requirements may be amended

40、 or supplemented. For light vehicles and tramways, other standards or documents accepted by the customer and supplier may be used. This European Standard only applies to wheels of new design. These requirements are intended to assess the validity of the design choice for the proposed use. The assess

41、ment of these requirements is the technical approval procedure. This European Standard is applicable to forged and rolled wheels for which the quality requirements are defined in !EN 13262“. 2 Normative references !The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this docu

42、ment. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.“ EN 12668-3, Non-destructive testing Characterization and verification of ultrasonic examination equipment Part 3: Combined equipment

43、EN 13103, Railway applications Wheelsets and bogies Non-powered axles Design !guide“ !EN 13262“, Railway applications Wheelsets and bogies Wheels Product requirements 3 Parameters for the definition of the application covered The application for which the wheel is to be approved shall be defined by

44、the following parameters. If the application parameters are changed for an approved wheel, the customer and supplier shall review the assessments. 3.1 Parameters for geometrical interchangeability The application shall be defined by geometrical interchangeabliity parameters divided into three catego

45、ries according to whether they are linked to functional, assembly or maintenance requirements. 3.1.1 Functional requirements the nominal tread diameter that influences the buffer height and the loading gauge; the maximum rim width linked to the points and crossing and the track brakes; the tread pro

46、file outside the conical part of the tread; BS EN 13979-1:2003+A2:2011EN 13979-1:2003+A2:2011 (E) 7 the position of the rim internal surface relative to the corresponding surface of the hub; the conicity of the hub bore; the space required for disc brakes mounted on the wheel; the space needed on th

47、e bogie frame, braking equipment and suspension equipment. 3.1.2 Assembly requirements the bore diameter; the hub length to ensure overhanging of the hub on the wheelseat. 3.1.3 Maintenance requirements the wear limit diameter or the last reprofiling diameter; the wear groove shape; the geometry of

48、the area for wheel clamping on reprofiling machines; the position and shape of the hole and groove for displacement under oil pressure; the general rim shape to allow ultrasonic measurement of residual stresses in wheels braked by shoes. 3.2 Parameters for thermomechanical assessment The application

49、 shall be defined by: the maximum braking energy created by the friction of the brake shoes on the rail surface. This energy may be defined by a power Pa, a time ta and a train speed Va during drag braking. If it is defined by other parameters (for braking to a stop, for example), these parameters are defined by agreement between the customer and the supplier; the type of brake shoes applied to the wheel (nature, dimensions and number). !NOTE For interoperable freight rolling stock, the thermomechanical behavior does not need to be ve